The Education of the Negro Prior to 1861 / A History of the Education of the Colored People of the United States from the Beginning of Slavery to the Civil War

by Carter Godwin Woodson

Oberlin grew out of Lane Seminary,
Objections to the instruction of Negroes considered and answered,
Ohio, colored schools of (see Cincinnati, Columbus, Cleveland, and
Northwest Territory); struggle for education at public expense,
unfavorable legislation,
law of 1849,
Olmsted, P.L., found a plantation of enlightened slaves,
O'Neal of South Carolina Bar discussed with Chancellor Harper the
question of instructing Negroes,
Oneida Institute contributed to the education of Negroes,
Oregon, law of, hostile to Negroes,
Othello, a free Negro, denounced the policy of neglecting the Negroes,
Otis, James, on the rights of all men,

Palmer, Dr., catechism of,
Pamphlet, Gowan, a preacher in Virginia,
Parry, Alfred H., successful teacher,
Parsons, C.G., observed that some Negroes were enlightened,
Pastoral Letters of Bishop Gibson of London,
Patterson, Edward, learned to read in a Sabbath-school,
Payne, Dr. C.H., taught by his mother to read,
Payne, Bishop Daniel, student in Charleston,
agent to purchase Wilberforce,
Payne, Mrs. Thomas, studied under her master,
Pease, W., instructed by his owner,
Penn, William, believed in emancipation to afford Negroes an
opportunity for improvement,
Pennington, J. C, writer, teacher, and preacher of influence,
Pennsylvania, work of Quakers of,
favorable legislation,
law of,
against colored mechanics,
(see also Quakers, Friends, Presbyterians, and Philadelphia)
Perry, R.L., attended school at Nashville
Peterboro School of New York established
Petersburg, Virginia, colored schools of, colored churches
Pettiford, W.A., attended private school in North
Carolina
Philadelphia, Negroes of, taught by Quakers, early
colored schools, public aid secured for the education of Negroes,
names of teachers public and private, statistics of colored schools,
(see Quakers, Presbyterians, and Pennsylvania)
Phillips, Wendell, argument against the segregation of
colored people in Boston
Physicians, colored, (see note 3, 279)
Pinchback, P.B.S., studied in the Gilmore High School in
Cincinnati
Pinkney, William, views on the mental capacity of Negroes
Pious Negro, True Account of, a document
Pittsburgh, colored schools of
Plan for the Improvement of the Free Black, a document
Plantation system, the rise of,
effects of, on the enlightenment
of the Negroes
Pleasants, Robert, founder of a colored manual labor school
Polk, Bishop, of Louisiana, advocate of the instruction
of Negroes
Porteus, Bishop, a portion of his essay on the uplift of
Negroes (see also, note 2)
Portland, Maine, colored schools of
Potter, Henry, taught Negroesin the District of Columbia
Preachers, colored, preached to Negroes (see note 4). preached
to white people
Presbyterians, taught Negroes,
struggles of,
Acts of
Synods of, a document
Presbyterian Witness, criticized
churchmen neglectful of the
Negroes
Proposition for encouraging the Christian education of
Indian and Mulatto children at Lambeth, Virginia
Protestant Episcopal High School at Cape Palmas, Liberia
Prout, John, a teacher in the District of Columbia
Providence, Rhode Island, separate schools of
Providence Convent of Baltimore, influence of
Purcell, Jack, bearing of the confession of
Puritans, attitude of, toward the uplift of Negroes

Quakers, educational work among Negroes,
promoting education in the Northwest Territory,
(see also Friends)

Racial inferiority, the argument of
Randolph, John, slaves of, sent to Ohio
Raymond, Daniel, contributed to the education of Negroes
Reaction, the effect of
Reason, Chas. L., teacher in Institute for Colored Youth
Redmond, Sarah, denied admission to Boston School
Redpath, James, observation in the South
Refugees from Haiti and Santo Domingo, influence of;
bearing of, on insurrection
Refugees Home School established
Religious instruction discussed by Churchmen
Remond, C.L., lecturer and orator
Resolute Beneficial Society established a school
Revels, U.S. Senator Hiram, student in Quaker Seminary
Rhode Island, work of Quakers of; efforts of colored
people of; African Benevolent Society of; school laws of;
separate schools disestablished
Rice, Rev. David, complained that slaves were not enlightened
Rice, Rev. Isaac, mission of, in Canada
Richards, Fannie, teacher in Detroit
Riley, Mrs. Isaac, taught by master
Riots of cities, effect of
Roberts, Rev. D.R., attended school in Indiana
Rochester, Baptist Church of, lost members
Roe, Caroline, teacher in New York African Free Schools
Rush, Dr. Benjamin, desire to elevate the slaves; objections
of masters considered; interview with Dr. James Durham;
Rush Medical School admitted colored student
Russworm, John B., first colored man to graduate from college
Rutland College, Vermont, opened to colored students

Sabbath-schools, a factor in education; separation of the races
St. Agnes Academy established in the District of Columbia
St. Frances Academy established in Baltimore
Salem, Massachusetts, colored school of
Salem, New Jersey, work of Quakers of
Sampson, B.K., assistant teacher of Avery College
Samson, Rev. Dr., aided Hays, a teacher of Washington
Sanderson, Bishop, interest in the uplift of the heathen
Sandiford, Ralph, attacked slavery
Sandoval, Alfonso, opposed keeping slaves
Sandwich, Canada, separate school of
Sandy Lake Settlement broken up
Saunders of Cabell County, West Virginia, settled his slaves
on free soil
Savannah,
colored schools of
churches of
Scarborough, President W.S.,
early education of
Schoepf, Johann, found conditions favorable
Seaman, Jacob, interest of, in New York colored schools
Searing, Anna H., a supporter of Myrtilla Miner
Seaton, W.W., a supporter of Alexander Hays's School
Secker, Bishop,
plan of, for the instruction of Negroes
had Negroes educated for Africa
extract from sermon of
Settle, Josiah T., was educated in Ohio
Sewell, Chief Justice, on the instruction of Negroes
Shadd, Mary Ann, teacher in Canada
Shaffer, Bishop C.T., early education of, in Indiana
Sharp, Granville, on the colonization of Negroes
Sidney, Thomas, gave money to build school-house
Slave in Essex County, Virginia, learned to read
Slavery, ancient, contrasted with the modern
Small, Robert, student in South Carolina
Smedes, Susan Dabney, saw slaves instructed
Smith, Gerrit,
contributed money to the education of the Negro
founder of the Peterboro School
appeal in behalf of colored mechanics
Smith, Melancthon, interest of, in the New York African Free Schools
Smothers, Henry, founded a school in Washington
Snow riot, results of
Snowden, John Baptist, instructed by white children
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts,
efforts of
South Carolina,
schools of unfavorable conditions
prohibitive legislation
governor of, discussed the Vesey insurrection
Spain, King of, desired trade in enlightened slaves only
Spanish missionaries taught Negroes in America
Springfield, colored schools of
Statistics on the intellectual condition of Negroes
Stewart, Rev., a missionary in North Carolina
Stewart, T. McCants, student in Charleston
Stokes, Richard, teacher in the District of Columbia
Storrs, C.B.,
advocate of free discussion
influence of
Stowe, H.B.,
assisted Myrtilla Miner
interest of, in industrial education
Stratton, Lucy, taught Negroes
Sturgeon, Rev. William, work of, in Philadelphia
Sumler, Jas. W., learned to read with difficulty
Sylvester, Elisha, efforts of, in Boston

Tabbs, Thomas, teacher in the District of Columbia
Talbot County, Maryland, the education of the Negro in
Talbot, Mr., tutor in the District of Columbia,
Talbot, Reverend, taught Samuel Lowry at Franklin College,
Tappan, Arthur, work of, in behalf of Negroes,
Tanner, Bishop Benjamin Tucker, attended school in Pennsylvania,
Tarborough, North Carolina, effect of the insurrection of,
Tatem, Isaac, instructed Negroes,
Taylor, M.W., taught by his mother,
Taylor, Dr. Wm., educated for service in Liberia,
Taylor, Reverend, interest of, in the enlightenment of Negroes,
Templeton, John N., educational efforts of,
Tennessee, education of the Negroes of,
legislation of,
Terrell, Mary Church, mother of, taught by white gentleman,
Terrell, Robert H., father of, learned to read,
Thetford Academy opened to Negroes,
Thomas, J.C. teacher of W.S. Scarborough,
Thomas, Rev. Samuel, teacher in South Carolina,
Thompson, Margaret, efforts of, in the District of Columbia,
Thornton, views of, on colonization,
Toop, Clara G., an instructor at Avery College,
Toronto, Canada, evening school organized,
Torrey, Jesse, on education and emancipation,
Trenton, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested,
Troumontaine, Julian, teacher in Savannah,
"True Bands," educational work of, in Canada,
(see also note 1,)
Trumbull, John, teacher in Philadelphia,
Tucker, Ebenezer, principal of Union Literary Institute,
Tucker, Judge St. George, discussed slave insurrections,
Turner, Bishop Henry M., early education of,
Turner, Nathaniel, the education of,
effects of the insurrection of,

Union College admitted a Negro,
Union Literary Institute, Indiana, favorable to the instruction of
Negroes,

Vanlomen, Father, aided Maria Becraft,
Vashon, George B., principal of Avery College,
Vermont, required practically no segregation,
Vesey, Denmark, effect of the insurrection of,
Vesey, Reverend, interest of, in Neau's school,
Virginia, question of instructing Negroes of,
education of Negroes of, given legal sanction,
colored schools of,
work of abolitionists of,
interest of Quakers of,
efforts of Presbyterians of,
prohibitive legislation of,
Vocational training emphasized by Frederick Douglass,
interest of H.B. Stowe in,

Wagoner, H.O., taught by his parents,
Walker, David, appeal of,
Wall, Mary, teacher in the District of Columbia,
(see note 1)
Ward, S.R., attainments of,
Warren, John W., studied under white children,
Warville, Brissot de, found desirable conditions,
Washington, George, attitude of,
will of,
Waterford, Ephraim, taught by his employer,
Watkins, Wm., teacher in Baltimore,
Watrum, François Philibert, inquiry of, about instructing Negroes,
Wattles, Augustus, philanthropist and educator,
Wayman, Reverend, advocate of the instruction of Negroes,
Wayman, Rev. Dr., interest of, in free schools,
Weaver, Amanda, assisted Myrtilla Miner,
Wells, Nelson, bequeathed $10,000 to educate Negroes,
Wesley, John, opinion of, on the intellect of Negroes,
Western Reserve converted to democratic education,
Wetmore, Reverend, a worker connected with Neau's school,
Wheatley, Phyllis, education of,
poetry of,
White, j. T., attended school in Indiana,
White, Dr. Thomas J., educated for Liberia,
White, W.J., educated by his white mother,
Whitefield, Rev. George, interest in the uplift of Negroes,
plan of, to establish a school,
Whitefield, Rev. James, promoted education in Baltimore,
Whitefield, James M., poet,
Wickham, executor of Samuel Gist,
Williams, Bishop, urged the duty of converting the Negroes,
Williamson, Henry, taught by his master,
Wilmington, Delaware, educational work of abolitionists of,
Wilson, Bishop of Sodor and Man, published a pamphlet on the uplift of
the Negroes,
contributed money to educate the Negroes of Talbot County, Maryland,
Wilson, Rev. Hiram, inspector of schools in Canada,
founder of a manual labor school,
Windsor, Canada, school privileges of,
Wing, Mr., teacher in Cincinnati,
Winslow, Parson, children of, indulgent to Uncle Cephas,
Wisconsin, equal school facilities of,
Woodson, Ann, taught by her young mistress,
Woodson, Emma J., instructor at Avery College,
Woodson, Louis, teacher in Pittsburgh,
Woolman, John, interest of,
Wormley, James, efforts of, in the District of Columbia,
(see note 1)
Wormley, Mary, teacher in the District of Columbia,
Wortham, Dr. James L., pupil of John Chavis
Wright, Rev. John F., one of the founders of Wilberforce University

Xenia, Ohio, settlement of, Wilberforce University established near