, it is common among the Germans to write the first semi-vowel by j. The last semi-vowel is often written w (instead of v).

6. The transliteration of the first two sibilants is very fluctuating. My ç, is written

, by Monier Williams in his dictionary.

The second sibilant is often written sh, sometimes š, by me as

, like the other linguals.

7. Finally an s at the end of a Sanskrit word is converted into an aspiration called risarga, and written thus : , and in transliteration is written in this manner,