. The nasality of a vowel is marked by

or

which appears in the Sanskrit as a dot above the body of the consonant.

For a brief and lucid discussion of these matters and a defense of the system of Professor Whitney, of Yale, which is followed in his grammar and in Lanman’s Reader, see The Proceedings of the American Oriental Society, October, 1880, p. xvii.

Sanskrit Transliteration Report.

Semitic Transliteration.