Smallpox in Boston, Lincolnshire, 1749-68.

Year Baptised Buried Died by
Smallpox
1749 68 120 48
1750 80 93
1751 55 59
1752 88 85
1753 79 73
1754 88 111 1
1755 74 102 19
1756 66 110 34
1757 93 86 4
1758 83 88 4
1759 102 91
1760 106 84 2
1761 80 94
1762 95 134 3
1763 92 206 69
1764 130 102 5
1765 112 113
1766 144 117
1767 129 95
1768 131 117

This was a favourable instance of urban smallpox in the 18th century, Boston having “no circumstances of narrow streets, crowded houses, manufactories or want of medical assistance.” We may compare with it an industrial town only a little larger, the weaving town of Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, the smallpox epidemics of which came as follows[1005]:

Smallpox in Kilmarnock, 1728-63.

Year Baptised Buried Died by
Smallpox
1728 111 162 66
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733 45
1734
1735
1736 135 147 66
1737
1738
1739
1740 95 164 66
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745 116 102 74
1746 8
1747
1748 2
1749 134 149 79
1750 5
1751 1
1752
1753 1
1754 146 203 95
1755
1756
1757 125 132 37
1758 9
1759
1760
1761
1762 132 173 66
1763 2

Although Kilmarnock had an average annual excess of baptisms over burials (134 to 107), which was more than that of Boston, its smallpox mortality was higher than that of the Lincolnshire market town. On an annual average, one death in eleven from all causes was by smallpox at Boston, one in six at Kilmarnock. In the former the epidemics came at intervals of about five years, in the latter at intervals of three or four. The oftener the epidemic came, the earlier in life it attacked children; and in all subsequent experience it has been found that smallpox is far more mortal to the ages below five than to the ages from five to ten or fifteen. More generally, the conditions were worse for young children in a weaving town than in a market town of nearly the same size. In the populous weaving parish of Dunse, 130 children are said to have died of smallpox in 1733, during a space of three months[1006].

The ages at which deaths from smallpox occurred in Kilmarnock from 1728 to 1763 are strikingly different from those already given for the small market town or village of Aynho, near Banbury, in 1723-24; at the latter the greater part of the fatalities, although not of the attacks, happened to persons between twenty and fifty; at the former nine-tenths of the deaths were of infants and young children, as in the following:

Ages at Death from Smallpox, Kilmarnock, 1728-63.

Deaths
at all
ages
Under
One
One to
Two
Two to
Three
Three to
Four
Four to
Five
Five to
Six
Above
Six
Age not
stated
622 118 146 136 101 62 23 27 9

This almost exclusive incidence of fatal smallpox upon infants and young children in a weaving town during the middle third of the 18th century we shall find abundantly confirmed for English manufacturing and other populous towns in the last third of the 18th century, and thereafter until the middle of the 19th century. On the other hand, the less populous towns and the country districts continued in the 18th century to furnish a fair share of adult cases, for the reason that epidemics came to them at longer intervals, wherein many had passed from infancy to childhood, and even from childhood to youth or maturity, without once encountering the risk of epidemic contagion.