[479] Ancient Khotan, vol. II. plates lx and lxi.
[480] Le Coq in J.R.A.S. 1909, pp. 299 ff. See the whole article.
[481] For some of the more striking drawings referred to see Grünwedel, Buddh. Kultstätten, figs. 51, 53, 239, 242, 317, 337, 345-349.
[482] In Geog. Journal, May 1916, p. 362.
[483] Chavannes, Documents chinois découverts par Aurel Stein, 1913.
[484] These of course are not the Osmanlis or Turks of Constantinople. The Osmanlis are the latest of the many branches of the Turks, who warred and ruled in Central Asia with varying success from the fifth to the eighth centuries.
[485] That is Kashgar, Khotan, Kucha and Tokmak for which last Karashahr was subsequently substituted. The territory was also called An Hsi.
[486] See for lists and details Chavannes, Documents sur les Tou-kiue Occidentaux, pp. 67 ff. and 270 ff.
[487] The conquest and organization of the present Chinese Turkestan dates only from the reign of Ch'ien Lung.
[488] Thus the pilgrim Wu-K'ung mentions Chinese officials in the Four Garrisons.