FIGUREPAGE
1.Herculaneum and Pompeii, by H. Roux Ainé Jupiter surveying the World. Roman Wall Painting, Naples:[3]
2.Journal of Hellenic Studies, 4, 90 Athena and Giant. Greek Bronze, Mus. Kircherianum:[7]
3.Zeus and Giants. Ancient Gem: Baumeister 3, 1791[8]
4.Baumeister 3, 1568 Prometheus making Man. Roman Sarcophagus in the Capitoline:[9]
Upper row, from left to right: Oceanus, the Sun-god, Clotho, Lachesis, etc. Lower row: Cupid and Psyche, Gæa (Tellus), Prometheus, the newly created Man to whom Minerva gives life (the butterfly). Death, Cupid with down-turned torch, the first man dead, Atropos, Mercury.
5.Poseidon (Neptune), Dionysus (Bacchus) and Goddess. East Frieze, Parthenon, in the British Museum: Photograph[17]
6.Two Hours. Greek Vase Painting, St. Petersburg: Roscher 1, 2727[18]
7.Zeus from Dodona. Greek Bronze: Photograph[20]
8.Zeus after Phidias. Coin of Elis: A. S. Murray, Greek Bronzes, opp. p. 81[21]
9.Hera of Argos. Greek Marble: Argive Heræum, 1[22]
10.Athena Velletri. Ancient Marble in the Louvre: Photograph[23]
11.Ares Ludovisi. Ancient Marble in Rome: Photograph[24]
12.Ares (Mars). Painting by Raphael: Photograph[25]
13.The Forge of Vulcan. Roman Relief: Baumeister 3, 1640[25]
14.Apollo (so-called Adonis). Ancient Marble in the Vatican: Photograph[26]
15.Apollo Belvedere. Ancient Marble in the Vatican: Photograph[27]
16.Apollo. Greek Bronze from Thessaly, British Museum: Murray, Greek Bronzes, Fig. 28[28]
17.Diana. Painting by Correggio: Photograph[29]
18.Diana (Artemis) of Versailles. Ancient Marble in the Louvre: Photograph[30]
19.Artemis Knagia. Ancient Silver Medallion from Herculaneum: Roscher 1, 566[31]
20.Hermes Psychopompos. Greek Stele of Myrrhina: P. Gardner, Sculptured Tombs, Fig. 72[34]
Hermes (Mercury) leading to the underworld the spirit of a lady, Myrrhina, who has just died. From a relief on her tomb.
21.Eros (Cupid). Ancient Marble, Naples: Photograph[36]
22.Rape of Ganymede. Ancient Marble in the Vatican: Baumeister 2, 891[37]
23.Polyhymnia. Ancient Marble, Berlin: Baumeister 2, 1185[37]
24.The Three Fates. Painting attributed to Michelangelo, but recently conjectured to be by Rosso Fiorentino. Florence: Photograph[38]
25.Boreas. Greek Reliefs, Athens: Baumeister 3, 2370[39]
26.Zephyros. Greek Reliefs, Athens: Baumeister 3, 2370[39]
27.Boreas carrying off Orithyia. Greek Vase Painting, Munich: Baumeister 1, 373[40]
28.Iris carrying Child. Vase Painting: Gerhard, Auserlesene Vasenbilder, 2, 83[41]
29.Demeter of Knidos. Greek Marble in the British Museum: E. von Mach, Handbook of Greek and Roman Sculpture, Plate 247[42]
30.Ceres. Roman Wall Painting: I. Weir, Greek Painting, p. 343[43]
31.Dionysus and the Vine. Ancient Marble in the British Museum: Roscher 1, 292[44]
32.Pan the Hunter. Ancient Terra Cotta: Murray and Hutton, Plate VI[45]
33.A Satyr with Grafting Materials. Ancient Gem: Pine's Virgil[46]
34.The Greek Underworld. Ancient Vase Painting from Canusium: Baumeister 3, 2042 B[48]
Center: Hades and Persephone. Above, left: Megara, wife of Heracles, and two of her children, slain by Heracles when mad. Above, right: a Fury guarding Pirithoüs and Theseus. Middle, left: Orpheus playing and dancing, and an unknown family group. Middle, right: the three judges of the dead. Below: Sisyphus, a Fury, Hermes, Heracles with Cerberus, a Fury, Tantalus.
35.Hermes conducting a Soul to Charon. Ancient Terra Cotta: Archäologische Zeitung, Berlin[49]
36.Hypnos (Somnus, Sleep). Murray, Greek Bronzes, opp. p. 72[50]
37.A Fury. Ancient Vase Painting: Roscher 1, 1334[51]
38.Hades. Ancient Marble in the Villa Borghese, Rome: Baumeister 1, 690[53]
39.Death, Sleep, and Hermes laying a Body in the Tomb. Ancient Vase Painting: P. Gardner, Sculptured Tombs, Fig. 5[54]
40.Poseidon from Dodona. Greek Bronze in the British Museum: Murray, Greek Bronzes, Fig. 32[55]
41.Wedding of Poseidon and Amphitrite. Ancient Marble Frieze, Munich: Baumeister 3, 1744 B[56]
42.Triton carrying off a Nymph. Ancient Marble in the Vatican: Baumeister 3, 1964[57]
43.Bearded Janus. Roman Coin: Baumeister 2, 1166 A[60]
44.Genius Loci. Wall Painting from Herculaneum in the Naples Museum: Gusman, Pompeii, p. 107[62]
45.Ganymede feeding the Eagle. Ancient Relief: Pietro Santi Bartoli, Gli. Antichi Sepolcri[64]
46.Hermes (Mercury) kills Argus in presence of Zeus. Ancient Vase Painting: Roscher 2, 279[65]
47.Io, Argus, and Mercury. Wall Painting from Herculaneum in the Naples Museum: Baumeister 1, 802[66]
48.Europa on the Bull. Greek Vase Painting: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate IV[69]
49.Nereïds on Sea Beasts. Ancient Marble Frieze in Munich: Baumeister 3, 1744 A[70]
50.Youthful Bacchus embracing Semele in presence of Apollo and a Satyr. Etruscan Mirror, Berlin: Baumeister 1, 557[71]
51.Amphion and Zethus. Ancient Relief in the Palazzo Spada, Rome: Roscher 2, 311[76]
52.Contest of Athena and Poseidon for the Supremacy of Athens. Ancient Vase Painting, St. Petersburg: Baumeister 3, 1542[83]
53.Athena. Ancient Marble in Hope Collection: Furtwängler, Masterpieces, Fig. 27[85]
54.Cadmus slaying the Dragon. Ancient Vase Painting, Naples: Baumeister 2, 822[87]
Athena counseling. Above: river-god Ismenos, fountain-nymph Krene, and personification of Thebes.
55.Harmonia in Company of Deities. Greek Vase Painting: Ephemeris, 1897-1898, Plate X[89]
Aphrodite, Eros, Harmonia standing, Peitho (Persuasion) sitting, and Koré, Hebe, Himeros (Desire).
56.The Forge of Vulcan. Painting by Velasquez: Photograph[90]
57.A Sacrifice to Apollo. Greek Vase Painting: Gardner-Jevons Manual, p. 249, Fig. 16[91]
58.Apollo with Hyacinthus. Ancient Marble in Hope Collection: Roscher 16-17, 2765[93]
59.The Fall of Phaëthon. Roman Relief in the Louvre: Baumeister 3, 1449[97]
Upper left-hand corner: Phaëthon making his request of Helios (Phœbus). Below: the Heliades turning into trees. Center: the maddened horses, one chariot wheel, and Phaëthon falling into the arms of Eridanus. The horsemen left and right of the four horses are Castor and Pollux. Earth-gods, sea-gods, and other figures.
60.A Son of Niobe. Ancient Marble in Florence: Baumeister 3, 1751[100]
61.The Children of Niobe. Ancient Relief, St. Petersburg: Baumeister 3, 1759[101]
62.Niobe and her Youngest Daughter. Ancient Marble, Florence: Baumeister 3, 1746[102]
63.Æsculapius (Asklepios). Ancient Marble, Florence: Furtwängler, Masterpieces, Fig. 87[104]
64.Admetus must Die. Wall painting from Herculaneum in Naples: Baumeister 1, 53[106]
65.Heracles. Ancient Marble in Lansdowne House: Photograph[108]
66.The Palatine Apollo. Ancient Marble in Vatican: Baumeister 1, 104[110]
67.Daphne. Ancient Marble: Springer, Kunstgeschichte, 1, 336[113]
68.Artemis (Diana). Ancient Marble, Dresden: Furtwängler, Masterpieces, p. 325[117]
69.Arethusa. Ancient Coin: Baumeister 2, 1140[118]
70.A Young River-god. Ancient Bronze Head: Roscher 9, 1489[119]
71.Actæon. Ancient Marble Relief: Baumeister 1, 41[121]
72.The Pleiades. Painting by Elihu Vedder: Photograph[123]
73.Endymion. Ancient Relief in the Capitoline, Rome: E. von Mach, Handbook of Greek and Roman Sculpture, Plate 306[124]
74.The Death of Adonis. Ancient Marble in the Louvre: Baumeister 1, 17[127]
Right: Adonis leaves Venus. Center: he is wounded. Left: he is cared for by Venus, Cupid, and attendants.
75.Psyche at the Couch of Cupid. Painting by Thumann: Photograph[130]
76.Psyche and Cupid on Mount Olympus. Painting by Thumann: Photograph[136]
77.Artemis of Gabii. Ancient Marble in the Louvre: E. von Mach, Handbook of Greek and Roman Sculpture, Plate 207[139]
78.Atalanta's Race. Painting by Poynter: Photograph[140]
79.Hero and Leander. Painting by Keller: Photograph[144]
80.Thisbe. Painting by Edward Burne-Jones: Photograph[148]
81.Hermes and Dog disguised as Pig. Ancient Vase Painting, Vienna: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XXXIIIa[151]
82.Silenus taking Dionysus (Bacchus) to School. Ancient Terra Cotta: Murray and Hutton, Fig. 36[152]
83.Bearded Dionysus on Mule, attended by Satyr. Old Greek Terra Cotta Relief: Baumeister 1, 481[153]
84.Satyr and Mænad with Child Dionysus. Ancient Relief: Baumeister 2, 932[154]
85.Dionysus at Sea. Greek Vase Painting in the Pinakothek, Munich: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate I[155]
86.Bacchic Procession. Greek Vase Painting: Arch. Zeit.[156]
87.Dionysus visiting a Poet. Ancient Relief, Naples: Baumeister 3, 1849[157]
88.Rape of Proserpina. Ancient Relief: Baumeister 1, 461[159]
89.Hades and Persephone. Ancient Terra Cotta: P. Gardner, Sculptured Tombs, Fig. 29[161]
90.Sacrifice to Demeter and Persephone. Greek Relief in Paris: Baumeister 1, 457[162]
91.Triptolemus and the Eleusinian Deities. Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 3, 1958[164]
Demeter behind the chariot and Persephone and the nymph Eleusis in front.
92.Demeter (Ceres), Triptolemus, and Proserpina. Greek Relief: E. von Mach, Handbook of Greek and Roman Sculpture, Plate 178[165]
93.Orpheus and Eurydice. Painting by Lord Leighton: Photograph[166]
94.Farewell of Orpheus and Eurydice (Mercury ready to lead her away). Ancient Marble Relief in Villa Albani, Rome: Photograph[167]
95.Isthmian Poseidon. Ancient Marble in Lateran: Springer, Kunstgeschichte, 1, Fig. 495[169]
96.Pelops winning the Race; Hippodamia looking on. Ancient Vase Painting: Baumeister 2, 1395[171]
97.Phosphor, Eos, and Helios (the Sun) rising from the Sea. Ancient Vase Painting: Gerhard, Akademische Abhandlungen[172]
98.Sun, rising, preceded by Dawn. Painting by Guido Reni: Photograph[173]
99.Sunrise; Eos (Dawn) pursuing Cephalus. Greek Vase Painting: P. Gardner, Grammar of Greek Art, Fig. 71[174]
The young stars descending; to the left, the moon (Selene) riding over the hills.
100.The God of Sleep. Ancient Relief: Baumeister 1, 770[176]
101.The Death of Memnon (Aurora lifting his body). Greek Vase Painting in the Louvre: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XVIII[180]
102.Pan blowing his Pipe, Echo answering. Ancient Earthenware Lamp: Baumeister 1, 514[182]
103.The Music Lesson (Pan teaching a Boy). Ancient Marble, Florence: Baumeister 2, 1340[184]
104.Bacchic Dance (Nymph and Satyrs). Ancient Relief: Baumeister 3, 1931[184]
105.Silenus. From an ancient candelabrum in Munich: Baumeister 2, 895[185]
106.Satyr (Marble Faun). Ancient Marble in the Capitoline, Rome: Photograph[186]
107.Satyr swinging Maiden. Greek Vase Painting in Berlin: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XXXII[186]
108.Satyr drinking from Amphora. Ancient Vase Painting in Baltimore: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate IX[187]
109.Narcissus gazing at his Reflection. Wall Painting from Pompeii, Naples: Baumeister 2, 1213[188]
110.A Rustic. Wall Painting from Herculaneum[195]
111.A Rustic. Wall Painting from Herculaneum[196]
112.Galatea and Polyphemus. Wall Painting in House of Germanicus, Rome: Roscher 9, 1587[199]
113.A Sea-god, perhaps Glaucus. Ancient Marble in Vatican: Baumeister 2, 987[200]
114.Nereïds and Sea Monsters. Ancient Relief: Baumeister 2, 1216[204]
115.The Danaïds. Ancient Marble Relief in Vatican: Roscher 6, 951[207]
116.Danaë and Perseus and the Chest. Greek Vase Painting in St. Petersburg: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XXXIV[208]
117.Medusa Rondanini (Front View). Ancient Marble in Munich: Furtwängler, Masterpieces, Fig. 63[209]
118.Medusa Rondanini (Profile). Ancient Marble in Munich: Furtwängler, Masterpieces, Fig. 63[209]
119.Perseus. Marble by Cellini in Florence: Photograph[210]
120.Perseus with the Head of Medusa. Ancient Vase Painting: Gerhard[211]
121.Perseus finds Andromeda. Ancient Vase Painting in Museum, Berlin: Jahrbuch des D. Arch. Instituts XI (1896), Plate II[212]
Right: Aphrodite holding wreath over Perseus' head. Left: Cepheus seated, Hermes with his wand, and an Æthiopian inhabitant.
122.Bellerophon and Pegasus. Ancient Relief: Baumeister 1, 317[215]
123.Heracles strangling the Nemean Lion. Greek Vase Painting in British Museum: Baumeister 1, 722[217]
Left: Iolaiis and the local nymph Nemea. Right: Athena and Hermes.
124.Heracles killing the Hydra (behind him Athena and Iolaiis). Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 1, 724[217]
125.Heracles bringing Home the Boar (Eurystheus hiding in a wine jar). Greek Vase Painting: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XII[218]
126.Heracles with the Bull: Metope of the Temple of Zeus at Olympia: Baumeister 2, 1285[219]
127.Heracles and Cerberus. Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 1, 730[220]
Left: Athena and Hermes. Right: Goddess of the Underworld.
128.Heracles and Antæus. Greek Vase Painting in Athens: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XXIV[221]
129.Hercules and Nessus (Dejanira in Chariot). Wall Painting from Pompeii: Baumeister 1, 733[226]
130.The Building of the Argo, Athene directing. Ancient Terra Cotta Relief in the British Museum: Baumeister 1, 127[229]
131.Jason conquers the Bulls and steals the Fleece. Ancient Relief in Vienna: Baumeister 2, 981[231]
Center: Æetes seated. Right: Medea assists her lover.
132.Medea deliberating upon the Murder of her Children. Wall Painting from Herculaneum: Baumeister 2, 948[234]
133.Medea and Daughters of Pelias preparing the Caldron. Ancient Marble Relief, Berlin: Photograph[235]
134.Meleager on the Boar Hunt. Roman Relief: Baumeister 2, 990[238]
Atalanta appears twice,—as before the hunt to the left of the central figures, as during the hunt in front of Meleager, and shooting an arrow into the boar.
135.The Death of Meleager. Roman Sarcophagus in the Louvre: Baumeister 2, 991[241]
Right: the contest between Meleager and his uncles. Left: Althæa putting the fateful brand into the fire; behind her a Fury whose torch has lighted the fire. Center: the dying Meleager, and Atalanta seated mourning.
136, 137. Castor and Pollux capturing the Giant Talus. Ancient Vase Painting: Baumeister 3, 1804[244], [245]
Pollux on foot in front of Medea. Seated Deities on right, Poseidon and Amphitrite.
138.Dædalus and Icarus. Ancient Relief in the Villa Albani, Rome: Roscher 6, 934[247]
139.So-called Theseus. Greek Marble in the Parthenon: Baumeister 2, 1370[249]
140.Æthra caresses Theseus and sends him forth with his Father's Sword. Greek Vase Painting, St. Petersburg: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XXII[251]
141.Theseus receiving Thanks from the Rescued after killing the Minotaur. Campanian Wall Painting in Naples: Baumeister 3, 1876[252]
142.The Sleeping Ariadne. Ancient Marble in Vatican: Baumeister 1, 130[254]
143.Head of Dionysus. Ancient Marble, Leyden: Roscher 7, 1128[256]
144.The Revels of Bacchus and Ariadne. Roman Sarcophagus: Baumeister 1, 492[257]
Large figures from left to right: Priest, Satyr, Mænad, Mercury, Bacchus and Ariadne seated, Satyr, Mænad, priest. Small figures: Desire (Himeros) and Love leading Pan captive, followed by Silenus.
145.Lapith and Centaur fighting. Greek Metope from the Parthenon, British Museum: Photograph[259]
146.Œdipus and the Sphinx. Greek Vase Painting: P. Gardner, Grammar of Greek Art, Fig. 70[261]
147.Eteocles and Polynices kill each other. Etruscan Relief, Florence: Baumeister 3, 1841[266]
148.The Gods bring Wedding Gifts. Ancient Relief from the Villa Albani, Rome: Baumeister 1, 759[271]
From right to left, married couple, Vulcan, Minerva, the four seasons (Winter, Spring, Summer, Autumn) Hymen with torch, Comus, Amor pushing jealous deity away.
149.Map of the Troad and the Hellespont[273]
150.Helen persuaded by Aphrodite; Paris (Alexander) held by Love. Ancient Relief in Naples: E. von Mach, Handbook, Plate 312[277]
151.Achilles taken from Scyros by Ulysses (to the right) and Diomedes (to the left). Pompeian Wall Painting, Naples: Roscher 1, 27[279]
152.The Sacrifice of Iphigenia. Pompeian Wall Painting, Naples: Baumeister 1, 807[281]
153.The Surrender of Briseïs. Relief by Thorwaldsen: Photograph[284]
154.Hector's Farewell. Relief by Thorwaldsen: Photograph[291]
155, 156. The Embassy to Achilles. Greek Vase Painting: P. Gardner, Grammar of Greek Art, Fig. 72[294], [295]
Left section: Briseïs is led away. Right section: Ajax and Ulysses, leaning on staff, plead with Achilles; at the right, Phœnix.
157.The Battle by the Ships. Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 1, 783[296]
Perhaps the moment when Ajax retreats. Hector presses upon him followed by a youth with a torch. At the extreme right, Paris drawing a bow.
158.Supposed Menelaüs with the Body of Patroclus. Ancient Marble, Florence: Baumeister 1, 785[298]
159.Contest of Achilles and Hector. Ancient Vase Painting: Baumeister 1, 788[302]
Left: Athene. Right: Apollo.
160.Achilles over the Body of Hector at the Tomb of Patroclus P. Gardner, Sculptured Tombs, Fig. 40 (whose shade is running above the tomb). Greek Vase Painting:[303]
161.Priam's Visit to Achilles (under whose couch lies the body of Hector). Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 1, 791[304]
Achilles has been taking his dinner. Servants bear gifts behind Priam.
162.Achilles and the Amazon Penthesilea. Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 3, 2123[307]
163.Œnone warning Paris not to sail for Greece. Ancient Relief, in the Villa Ludovisi, Rome: Baumeister 2, 1360[309]
164.The Wooden Horse. Ancient Gem: Baumeister 1, 794[310]
165, 166. The Sack of Troy. Greek Vase Painting, Naples: Baumeister 1, 795[312], [313]
Priam on altar, Astyanax on his lap, and Polites, whom Pyrrhus has just killed, at his feet. Pyrrhus is about to strike Priam. Behind him rushes Andromache to strike a kneeling soldier. Below, under the palm tree, sits Hecuba facing the statue of Minerva (a Palladium) behind which Helen is seen to cower. In front Cassandra clings to the statue, while Ajax, striding over the body of her dead lover, tries to drag her away by the hair. To the left, Æneas, with Anchises in his arms, and little Ascanius are hastening away.
167.Orestes and Electra at the Tomb of Agamemnon. Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 3, 1939[315]
168.Orestes pursued by Furies. Greek Vase Painting: Baumeister 2, 1313[316]
169.Orestes and Pylades before the King of the Tauri (Iphigenia as a priestess on the steps of the temple). Wall Painting from Pompeii, Naples: Springer, Kunstgeschichte, 1, 529[316]
170.Ulysses offering the Cyclops Wine. Ancient Statuette in the Vatican: Baumeister 2, 1251[318]
171.Boring out the Cyclops' Eye. From an Attic Vase: P. Gardner, Grammar of Greek Art, p. 225[322]
172.Ulysses and Two Companions under the Rams. Greek Vase Painting: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XXIX[323]
173.The Castle of Circe. Sicilian Vase Painting: Baumeister 2, 839[325]
174.Ulysses and the Sirens. Greek Vase Painting in the British Museum: P. Gardner, Grammar of Greek Art, p. 227, Fig. 78[329]
175.Ulysses and Scylla. Etruscan Relief: Baumeister 3, 1762[330]
176.Penelope at the Loom, and Telemachus. Greek Vase Painting in Museum, Chiusi: Harrison-Maccoll, Plate XLI[339]
177.Ulysses recognized by Euryclea (behind him Eumæus). Ancient Terra Cotta Relief: Baumeister 2, 1257[341]
178, 179. Ulysses kills the Suitors. Greek Vase Painting, Berlin: Baumeister 3, 2139[342], [343]
It will be seen that the suitors are defending themselves.
180.The Nike (Victory) of Samothrace. Greek Statue in the Louvre: Von Mach, Greek Sculpture, Plate facing p. 30[345]
181.Æneas, Anchises, and Iulus. Ancient Gem, Uffizi, Florence[347]
182.Scylla (carved end of ancient table). Chefs d'Œuvres de l'Art Antique, Paris, 1867[349]
183.The Cumæan Sibyl. Painting by Michelangelo in the Vatican: Photograph[353]
184.Ixion on the wheel. Ancient Vase Painting, Berlin: Baumeister 1, Fig. 821[358]
Below, right: Vulcan looking at his handiwork; a Fury and Hermes. Above: winged forms, perhaps the Hours, to see that the motion is perpetual. One is even now shoving the wheel; the other has just taken off her hand to point "your turn."
185.Amazon. Ancient Marble Statue: Guhl and Koner[364]
186.Valkyrie bearing a Hero to Valhalla. Painting by Dielitz: Photograph[375]
187.Loki and Siguna. Painting by Gebhardt: Photograph[393]
188.Gunther and Brunhild. Fresco by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld: Photograph[406]
189.Siegfried and Kriemhild. Fresco by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld: Photograph[407]


[FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS]

PAGE
Lemnian AthenaFrontispiece
Statue, possibly after Phidias, reconstructed by Furtwängler from torso in Dresden and head in Bologna: Photograph.
Hera of the Vatican[22]
Ancient Marble in the Vatican: Photograph.
Venus (Aphrodite) of Melos[32]
Greek Marble in the Louvre: Photograph.
Greece in the Fifth Century B.C.[64]
The Farnese Bull Group: Amphion, Zethus, Dirce, and Antiope[74]
Ancient Marble in Naples: E. von Mach, Handbook, Fig. 44.
Apollo and Daphne[112]
Marble Group by Bernini, Villa Borghese, Rome: Photograph.
Aphrodite (Petworth Head)[126]
Ancient Marble in London: Furtwängler, Masterpieces, Plate XVII.
Eros with Bow[136]
Ancient Marble in the Capitoline Museum: Baumeister 1, 539.
Hermes of Praxiteles[150]
Greek Marble in Olympia: Photograph.
Perseus freeing Andromeda[212]
Ancient Relief in the Capitoline Museum: Roscher 2, 346.
The Wedding of Hercules and Hebe[226]
Ancient Apulian Vase Painting in Berlin: Baumeister 1, 700.
Amazon[306]
Ancient Marble in Lansdowne House: Photograph.
Laocoön[310]
Greek Marble in the Vatican: Photograph.
The Outer Geography of the Odyssey[318]
Flying Mercury[330]
Statue by Giovanni di Bologna in Florence: Photograph.
Italy before the Growth of the Roman Empire[346]
The Victory (Nike) of Brescia[372]
Ancient Bronze Statue: E. von Mach, Greek Sculpture, Plate XXXV, No. 4.


[INTRODUCTION]
THE STUDY OF MYTHOLOGY IN CONNECTION WITH ENGLISH POETRY AND WITH ART

Our American educational methods too frequently seek to produce the effect of polish upon a kind of sandstone information that will not stand polishing. With such fatuity many of our teachers in the secondary schools exercise their pupils in the study of English masterpieces and in the critical estimate of æsthetic qualities before acquainting them with the commonplace facts and fables that, transmitted through generations, are the material of much of our poetry because the material of daily converse, imagination, and thought. These commonplaces of tradition are to be found largely in the literature of mythology. Of course the evil would be neither so widespread nor so dangerous if more of the guardians and instructors of our youth were at home even among the Greek and Latin classics. But for various reasons,—some valid, as, for instance, the importance of increased attention to the modern languages and the natural sciences; others worthless, as the so-called utilitarian protest against the cultivation of "dead" languages,—for various reasons the study of the classics is at present considerably impaired. It is, therefore, incumbent upon our universities and schools, recognizing this fact and deploring it, to abate so far as possible the unfortunate consequences that proceed therefrom, until, by a readjustment of subjects of instruction and of the periods allotted them, the Greek and Latin classics shall be reinstated in their proper place as a means of discipline, a humanizing influence, the historic background against which our present appears. For, cut off from the intellectual and imaginative sources of Greece and Rome, the state and statesmanship, legislation and law, society and manners, philosophy, religion, literature, art, and even artistic appreciation, run readily shallow and soon dry.