These totals do not include the 23rd Léger (2 batts.) and the 2/1st Line, both from Thomières’s division, which were garrisoning Astorga, about 1,500 strong. Nor do they include the minor garrisons left at Toro, Zamora, Olmedo, Valdestillas, Tordesillas, Simancas, Cabezon, Medina del Campo, Puente de Duero, Tudela de Douro, Amagro, &c., which appear to have been altogether about 4,184 strong, nor the dépôts at Valladolid, 3,307 strong on June 15, but probably much less on July 15, when Marmont had remounted nearly 1,000 dismounted dragoons and picked up all detachments and convalescents that he could gather. Nor do they include the sick, who had been 8,633 on June 15th, and 8,332 on May 15th—probably the total in hospital was a trifle more on July 15, owing to the fatigues of the campaigns round San Cristobal in the latter days of June.
Parallel with the return of July 15th, I have printed that of August 1. The difference between the two—211 officers and 10,124 men—might be supposed to represent the losses in the campaign between those dates. It does not, however, because the total of August 1 represents not only the survivors from the battle of Salamanca, but all the men from garrisons evacuated after it, and from the Valladolid dépôt, who joined the colours after the disaster of July 22, in consequence of the district in which they were lying having been evacuated by the army. The garrisons of Toro and Zamora held out till they were relieved, that of Tordesillas surrendered to the Galicians: but the men from the other smaller garrisons and from the dépôts fell in to their respective corps before August 1. I imagine that we may take these additions to be some 5,000 men at least, but cannot give the exact figures, through being unable to say what the Valladolid dépôts (3,307 strong on June 15) amounted to on July 15.
After comparing the totals of the brigades and regiments shown under July 15 and August 1, we must proceed to show the reasons why, in individual cases, the regimental differences between the two sets of figures cannot be taken to represent the sum of the losses in the Salamanca campaign. The proof is clear.
THE ARMY OF PORTUGAL BEFORE AND AFTER THE BATTLE OF SALAMANCA
From two returns of effectives in the Archives of the Ministry of War, Paris,
dated July 15 and August 1, respectively.
| July 15. | August 1. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Officers. | Men. | Officers. | Men. | |||
| 1st Division (Foy): | ||||||
| Brigade Chemineau | 6th Léger (2 batts.) | 46 | 1,055 | 41 | 684 | |
| 69th Ligne (2 batts.) | 50 | 1,408 | 47 | 1,322 | ||
| Brigade Desgraviers-Berthelot | 39th Ligne (2 batts.) | 49 | 918 | 49 | 872 | |
| 76th Ligne (2 batts.) | 56 | 1,351 | 45 | 887 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 7 | 207 | 7 | 207 | ||
| Divisional Total | 208 | 4,939 | 189 | 3,972 | ||
| 2nd Division (Clausel): | ||||||
| Brigade Berlier | 25th Léger (3 batts.) | 54 | 1,485 | 43 | 1,222 | |
| 27th Ligne (2 batts.) | 40 | 1,637 | 31 | 1,248 | ||
| Brigade Barbot | 50th Ligne (3 batts.) | 52 | 1,490 | 46 | 1,177 | |
| 59th Ligne (2 batts.) | 47 | 1,531 | 38 | 1,278 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 7 | 219 | 7 | 216 | ||
| Divisional Total | 200 | 6,362 | 165 | 5,141 | ||
| 3rd Division (Ferey): | ||||||
| Brigade Menne | 31st Léger (2 batts.) | 46 | 1,359 | 45 | 1,325 | |
| 26th Ligne (2 batts.) | 44 | 1,145 | 43 | 1,116 | ||
| ? | 47th Ligne (3 batts.) | 67 | 1,558 | 62 | 1,650 | |
| 70th Ligne (2 batts.) | 49 | 1,114 | 36 | 1,061 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 5 | 302 | 3 | 193 | ||
| Divisional Total | 211 | 5,478 | 189 | 5,345 | ||
| 4th Division (Sarrut): | ||||||
| Brigade Fririon | 2nd Léger (3 batts.) | 66 | 1,772 | 68 | 1,702 | |
| 36th Ligne (3 batts.) | 69 | 1,570 | 71 | 1,514 | ||
| Brigade ? | 4th Léger (3 batts.) | 63 | 1,219 | 63 | 989 | |
| 130th Ligne (absent) | — | — | — | — | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 5 | 238 | 5 | 214 | ||
| Divisional Total | 203 | 4,799 | 207 | 4,419 | ||
| 5th Division (Maucune): | ||||||
| Brigade Arnaud | 15th Ligne (3 batts.) | 52 | 1,615 | 46 | 1,229 | |
| 66th Ligne (2 batts.) | 38 | 1,131 | 34 | 661 | ||
| Brigade Montfort | 82nd Ligne (2 batts.) | 41 | 966 | 39 | 729 | |
| 86th Ligne (2 batts.) | 30 | 1,155 | 28 | 961 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 4 | 212 | 4 | 212 | ||
| Divisional Total | 165 | 5,079 | 151 | 3,792 | ||
| 6th Division (Brennier): | ||||||
| Brigade Taupin | 17th Léger (2 batts.) | 46 | 1,074 | 42 | 855 | |
| 65th Ligne (3 batts.) | 59 | 1,527 | 52 | 1,302 | ||
| ? | 22nd Ligne (3 batts.) | 61 | 1,486 | 40 | 716 | |
| Régiment de Prusse (remnant of) | 9 | 79 | 9 | 79 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 4 | 213 | 4 | 213 | ||
| Divisional Total | 179 | 4,379 | 147 | 3,165 | ||
| 7th Division (Thomières): | ||||||
| Brigade Bonté | 1st Line (3 batts.)[775] | 80 | 1,683 | 79 | 1,454 | |
| 62nd Line (2 batts.) | 47 | 1,076 | 45 | 1,048 | ||
| ? | 23rd Léger (absent)[776] | — | — | — | — | |
| 101st Line (3 batts.) | 61 | 1,388 | 29 | 412 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 5 | 203 | nil | nil | ||
| Divisional Total | 193 | 4,350 | 153 | 2,914 | ||
| 8th Division (Bonnet): | ||||||
| Brigade Gautier | 118th Line (3 batts.) | 53 | 1,584 | 37 | 1,024 | |
| 119th Line (3 batts.) | 64 | 1,265 | 48 | 831 | ||
| ? | 120th Line (3 batts.) | 63 | 1,745 | 66 | 1,152 | |
| 122nd Line (3 batts.) | 55 | 1,582 | 40 | 1,000 | ||
| Artillery Train, &c. | 3 | 107 | nil | nil | ||
| Divisional Total | 238 | 6,283 | 191 | 4,007 | ||
| Light Cavalry Division (Curto): | ||||||
| ? | 3rd Hussars (3 squadrons) | 17 | 231 | 14 | 165 | |
| 22nd Chasseurs (2 squadrons) | 17 | 236 | 18 | 233 | ||
| 26th Chasseurs (2 squadrons) | 16 | 278 | 18 | 225 | ||
| 28th Chasseurs (1 squadron) | 7 | 87 | 3 | 52 | ||
| ? | 13th Chasseurs (5 squadrons) | 20 | 496 | 28 | 426 | |
| 14th Chasseurs (4 squadrons) | 14 | 308 | 18 | 332 | ||
| Escadron de marche | 11 | 141 | 9 | 52 | ||
| Divisional Total | 102 | 1,777 | 108 | 1,472 | ||
| Heavy Cavalry Division (Boyer): | ||||||
| ? | 6th Dragoons (2 squadrons) | 19 | 376 | 19 | 332 | |
| 11th Dragoons (2 squadrons) | 19 | 411 | 18 | 359 | ||
| Brigade Carrié | 15th Dragoons (2 squadrons) | 15 | 328 | 16 | 294 | |
| 25th Dragoons (2 squadrons) | 18 | 314 | 18 | 282 | ||
| Artillery attached to cavalry | 3 | 193 | 3 | 148 | ||
| Divisional Total | 74 | 1,622 | 74 | 1,415 | ||
| Total Cavalry Divisions | 176 | 3,399 | 182 | 2,887 | ||
| Artillery Reserve, Park, &c. | 50 | 1,450 | 22 | 707 | ||
| Engineers and Sappers | 17 | 332 | 16 | 345 | ||
| Gendarmerie | 6 | 129 | 6 | 186 | ||
| Équipages militaires | 26 | 742 | 22 | 707 | ||
| État-Major Général | 54 | — | 54 | — | ||
| General Total | Infantry Divisions | 1,597 | 41,669 | 1,392 | 32,755 | |
| Cavalry Divisions | 176 | 3,399 | 182 | 2,887 | ||
| Auxiliary Arms | 153 | 2,653 | 120 | 1,945 | ||
| 1,925 | 47,721 | 1,694 | 37,587 | |||
N.B.—Guns, July 15, 78; August 1, 58; lost 7 12-pounders, 3 8-pounders, 9 4-pounders, 1 3-pounder. Horses, July 15, 4,278; August 1, 3,231. Draught horses, July 15, 2,037; August 1, 1,847. Équipages militaires, horses, July 15, 800; August 1, 331.
To these two tables we must append, as a side-light, the results of a compilation of the totals of officers killed and wounded at Salamanca, from Martinien’s admirable Liste des officiers tués et blessés pendant les guerres de l’Empire. This of course does not include unwounded prisoners.
| Killed. | Wounded. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foy’s Division (including losses at Garcia Hernandez on July 23rd): | ||||
| 6th Léger | 1 | 10 | = | 11 |
| 69th Line | 2 | 8 | = | 10 |
| 39th Line | — | 2 | = | 2 |
| 76th Line | 1 | 7 | = | 8 |
| Total | 31 | |||
| Clausel’s Division: | ||||
| 25th Léger | 4 | 10 | = | 14[777] |
| 27th Line | 2 | 5 | = | 7 |
| 50th Line | 9 | 17 | = | 26 |
| 50th Line | 4 | 15 | = | 19 |
| Total | 66 | |||
| Ferey’s Division: | ||||
| 31st Léger | 1 | 6 | = | 7 |
| 26th Line | — | 6 | = | 6 |
| 47th Line | 5 | 13 | = | 18 |
| 70th Line | 2 | 3 | = | 5 |
| Total | 36 | |||
| Sarrut’s Division: | ||||
| 2nd Léger | — | 3 | = | 3 |
| 36th Line | — | 3 | = | 3 |
| 4th Léger | — | 2 | = | 2 |
| Total | 8 | |||
| Maucune’s Division: | ||||
| 15th Line | 4 | 12 | = | 16 |
| 66th Line | 2 | 15 | = | 17 |
| 82nd Line | 1 | 7 | = | 8 |
| 86th Line | — | 3 | = | 3 |
| Total | 44 | |||
| Brennier’s Division: | ||||
| 17th Léger | 1 | 3 | = | 4[778] |
| 65th Line | 1 | 8 | = | 9[779] |
| 22nd Line | 2 | 19 | = | 21[780] |
| Total | 34 | |||
| Thomières’s Division: | ||||
| 1st Line | — | 4 | = | 4 |
| 62nd Line | 1 | 14 | = | 15 |
| 101st Line | 6 | 19 | = | 25 |
| Total | 44 | |||
| Bonnet’s Division: | ||||
| 118th Line | 2 | 18 | = | 20 |
| 119th Line | 3 | 23 | = | 26 |
| 120th Line | — | 8 | = | 8 |
| 122nd Line | 3 | 13 | = | 16 |
| Total | 70 | |||
| Curto’s Light Cavalry: | ||||
| 3rd Hussars | — | 2[781] | ||
| 13th Chasseurs | — | 7 | ||
| 14th Chasseurs | — | 5[782] | ||
| 22nd Chasseurs | — | 5 | ||
| 26th Chasseurs | — | 4 | ||
| 28th Chasseurs | — | 2 | ||
| Total | 25 | |||
| Boyer’s Division of Dragoons: | ||||
| 6th Dragoons | — | 9 | ||
| 11th Dragoons | — | 2[783] | ||
| 15th Dragoons | — | 1[784] | ||
| 25th Dragoons | — | 6[785] | ||
| Total | 18 | |||
| Artillery, Horse | — | 1 | ||
| Artillery, Field | — | 5 | ||
| Artillery, Train | — | 1 | ||
| Total | 7 | |||
| Engineers | — | 3 | = | 3 |
| Staff | 3 | 17[786] | = | 20 |
| Miscellaneous officers, whose regiments were not present at Salamanca | — | 2 | = | 2 |
General total 60 officers killed, 347 wounded at Salamanca and Garcia Hernandez; plus 7 officers killed and 27 wounded at the Guarena on July 18, and 2 wounded in minor engagements.