a Leaves with stipules. b Leaves entire or occasionally slightly crenate or serrate. c Leaves emarginate at apex, very short-stalked, 1½′—2′ long. Leaves obovate, gradually narrowed into the petiole.Gyminda ([p. 678]). Leaves oval to oblong, rounded or broad-cuneate (rarely alternate). Branchlets densely velutinous.Krugiodendron ([p. 721]). Branchlets slightly puberulous at first, soon glabrous.Reynosia ([p. 720]). cc Leaves not emarginate at apex. Leaves obtuse, rarely acutish or abruptly short-pointed. Leaves elliptic, 3½′—5′ long.Rhizophora ([p. 763]). Leaves obovate, usually rounded at apex, ¾′—2′ long.Byrsonima ([p. 632]). Leaves acute to acuminate. Leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate; branchlets glabrous.Exostema ([p. 877]). Leaves broad-elliptic to oblong-elliptic; branchlets villose.Guettarda ([p. 879]). bb Leaves serrate (often pinnate).Lyonothamnus ([p. 378]). aa Leaves without stipules. Petioles biglandular; leaves obtuse or emarginate, 1½′—2½′ long.Laguncularia ([p. 767]). Petioles without glands. Leaves furnished below with small dark glands, slightly aromatic; petioles short. Leaves oblong to oblong-ovate and acuminate or elliptic and bluntly short-pointed.Calyptranthes ([p. 769]). Leaves ovate, obovate or elliptic.Eugenia ([p. 770]). Leaves without glands. Leaves green and glabrous below. Leaves obtuse or emarginate at apex (rarely alternate), 1′—1½′ long.Torrubia ([p. 341]). Leaves acute, acuminate, or sometimes rounded or emarginate, 3′—5′ long. Leaves distinctly veined.Citharexylon ([p. 864]). Leaves obscurely veined.Osmanthus ([p. 856]). Leaves hoary tomentulose or scurfy below. Leaves strongly 3-nerved, acuminate, densely scurfy below.Tetrazygia ([p. 776]). Leaves penniveined, rounded or acute at apex, hoary tomentulose below.Avicennia ([p. 865]).
** Leaves deciduous. a Leaves without lobes. b Leaves serrate. Winter-buds with several opposite outer scales. Leaves puberulous below, closely and finely serrate; axillary buds solitary.Evonymus ([p. 675]). Leaves glabrous below, remotely crenate-serrulate; axillary buds several, superposed.Forestiera ([p. 853]). Winter-buds enclosed in 2 large opposite scales.Viburnum ([p. 886]). bb Leaves entire. c Leaves without stipules. Leaves suborbicular or elliptic to oblong. Leaves rounded or acutish at apex, 1′—2′ long, occasionally 3-foliolate, glabrous; branchlets quadrangular.Fraxinus anomala ([p. 837]). Leaves acuminate or acute at apex, 3′—4′ long. Leaf-scars connected by a transverse line, with 3 bundle-traces; branchlets slender, appressed-pubescent.Cornus ([p. 785]). Leaf-scars not connected, with 1 bundle-trace; branchlets stout, villose, puberulous or glabrous.Chionanthus ([p. 855]). Leaves broad-ovate, cordate, acuminate, 5′—12′ long, on long petioles.Catalpa ([p. 870]). Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, short-stalked or sessile (sometimes alternate).Chilopsis ([p. 869]). cc Leaves with persistent stipules, entire. Leaves oval or ovate; winter-buds resinous, the terminal up to ½′ in length.Pinckneya ([p. 876]). Leaves ovate to lanceolate; winter-buds minute.Cephalanthus ([p. 878]). aa Leaves palmately lobed.Acer ([p. 681]).
2. Leaves Compound.
a Leaves persistent, with stipules. Leaves equally pinnate; leaflets entire.Guaiacum ([p. 630]). Leaves unequally pinnately parted into 3—8 linear-lanceolate segments (sometimes entire).Lyonothamnus ([p. 378]). Leaves trifoliate. Leaflets stalked.Amyris ([p. 640]). Leaflets sessile.Helietta ([p. 637]). aa Leaves deciduous. Leaves unequally pinnate or trifoliate. Leaflets crenate-serrate or entire, the veins arching within the margins; stipules wanting; winter-buds with several opposite scales.Fraxinus ([p. 833]). Leaflets sharply or incisely serrate, the primary veins extending to the teeth. Leaflets 3—7, incisely serrate; stipules present; winter-buds with 1 pair of obtuse outer scales.Acer Negundo ([p. 699]). Leaflets 5—9, sharply serrate; stipules present; winter-buds with many opposite acute scales; pith thick.Sambucus ([p. 882]). Leaves digitate, with 5—7, sharply serrate leaflets; terminal buds large.Æsculus ([p. 702]).
B. LEAVES ALTERNATE.
1. Leaves Simple. (2, see [p. xxiv]).
* Leaves persistent. (** see [p. xxii]).
a Leaves deeply 3—5-lobed, ⅓′—½′ long, with linear lobes, hoary tomentose below.Cowania ([p. 549]). aa Leaves palmately lobed. Leaves stellate-pubescent, about 1½′ in diameter, with stipules.Fremontia ([p. 749]). Leaves glabrous, 1°—2° in diameter, without stipules.Carica ([p. 755]). aaa Leaves not lobed or pinnately lobed. b Branches spinescent. Leaves clustered at the end of the branches, at least 2′—3′ long.Bucida ([p. 765]). Leaves fascicled on lateral branchlets, obtuse or emarginate, pale and glabrous beneath.Bumelia angustifolia ([p. 816]). Leaves scattered. Leaves generally obovate, mucronate, not more than ½′—1′ long, glabrous and green or brownish tomentulose beneath.Condalia ([p. 719]). Leaves elliptic-ovate to oblong, obtuse or emarginate, glabrous, 1—2 cm. long.Ximenia ([p. 337]). bb Branches not spinescent. c Leaves serrate, or lobed (in some species of Quercus). (cc, see [p. xxii]). d Juice watery. (dd, see [p. xxii]). e Stipules present. (ee, see [p. xxii]). f Primary veins extending straight to the teeth. Leaves and branchlets glabrous or pubescent to tomentose with fascicled hairs. Leaves fulvous-tomentose beneath, repand-dentate, 3′—5′ long.Lithocarpus ([p. 236]). Leaves glabrous or grayish to whitish tomentose beneath, entire, lobed or dentate.Quercus sp. 21—34 ([p. 268]). Leaves and branchlets coated with simpled silky or woolly hairs at least while young, not more than 2½′ long.Cercocarpus ([p. 550]). ff Primary veins arching and united within the margin. Leaves 3-nerved from the base.Ceanothus ([p. 726]). Leaves not 3-nerved. Leaves acute. Leaves sinuately dentate, with few spiny teeth (rarely entire), glabrous.Ilex opaca ([p. 669]). Leaves serrate. Leaves tomentose below; branchlets tomentose. Leaves narrow-lanceolate, glabrous and smooth above.Vauquelinia ([p. 377]). Leaves ovate, cordate, scabrate above.Trema ([p. 327]). Leaves glabrous below.Heteromeles ([p. 392]). Leaves entire, very rarely toothed. Leaves elliptic, glabrous.Prunus caroliniana ([p. 579]). Leaves oblanceolate, pubescent beneath when young.Ilex Cassine ([p. 670]). Leaves obtuse, sometimes mucronate. Leaves spinose-serrate, glabrous. Leaves broad-ovate to suborbicular or elliptic; branchlets dark red-brown, spinescent.Rhamnus crocea ([p. 723]). Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate; branchlets yellow or orange-colored, not spinescent.Prunus ilicifolia ([p. 581]). Leaves crenate (often entire), oval to oblong.Ilex vomitoria ([p. 671]). ee Stipules wanting. Leaves resinous-dotted, aromatic, 1½′—4′ long.Myrica ([p. 163]). Leaves not resinous-dotted, crenately serrate, 4′—6′ long. Leaves dark green, glabrous below.Gordonia Lasianthus ([p. 751]). Leaves yellowish green, pubescent below, sometimes nearly entire.Symplocos ([p. 831]). dd Juice milky. Petioles 2½′—4′ long; leaves broad-ovate.Hippomane ([p. 652]). Petioles about ¼′ long; leaves elliptic to oblong-lanceolate.Gymnanthes ([p. 654]). cc Leaves entire (rarely sparingly toothed on vigorous branchlets). d Stipules present. e Stipules connate, at least at first. Stipules persistent, forming a sheath surrounding the branch above the node; leaves obtuse.Coccolobis ([p. 338]). Stipules deciduous, enveloping the unfolded leaf. Leaves ferrugineous-tomentose beneath.Magnolia grandiflora ([p. 345]). Leaves glabrous beneath, with milky juice.Ficus ([p. 333]). ee Stipules free. f Juice milky; leaves oval to oblong, 3′—5′ long.Drypetes ([p. 650]). ff Juice watery. g Leaves obtuse or emarginate at apex. Leaves with ferrugineous scales beneath, their petioles slender.Capparis ([p. 365]). Leaves without ferrugineous scales. Leaves soft-pubescent on both sides.Colubrina cubensis ([p. 730]). Leaves glabrous at least at maturity. Leaves rarely 2′—3′ long, standing on the branch at acute angles.Chrysobalanus ([p. 583]). Leaves rarely more than 1′ long, spreading (sometimes 3-nerved).Ceanothus spinosos ([p. 728]). gg Leaves acute or acutish.
Petioles with 2 glands.Conocarpus ([p. 766]). Petioles without glands. Leaves and branchlets more or less pubescent, at least while young. Leaves fascicled except on vigorous branchlets.Cercocarpus ([p. 550]). Leaves not fascicled. Winter-buds minute, with few pointed scales. Leaves rounded or nearly rounded at base.Colubrina sp. 1, 3 ([p. 729]). Leaves broad-cuneate at base.Ilex Cassine ([p. 670]). Winter-buds conspicuous, with numerous scales. Leaves usually lanceolate, entire, covered below with yellow scales.Castanopsis ([p. 234]). Leaves oblong or oblong-obovate, repand-dentate, fibrous tomentose below.Lithocarpus ([p. 236]). Leaves and branchlets glabrous. Leaf-scar with 1 bundle-trace.Ilex Krugiana ([p. 672]). Leaf-scar with 3 bundle-traces. Cherry Laurels.Prunus sp. 19—22 ([p. 579]). dd Stipules wanting. e Leaves aromatic when bruised. Leaves resinous-dotted.Myrica ([p. 163]). Leaves not resinous-dotted. Leaves obtuse, obovate, glabrous.Canella ([p. 753]). Leaves acute. Leaves mostly rounded at the narrowed base, ovate to oblong, acute, glabrous.Anona ([p. 354]). Leaves more or less cuneate at base, elliptic to lanceolate, usually acuminate. Leaves abruptly long-acuminate, glabrous, the margin undulate; branchlets red-brown.Misanteca ([p. 364]). Leaves gradually acuminate or nearly acute. Leaves strongly reticulate beneath. Branchlets glabrous, light grayish brown; leaves glabrous, light green beneath.Ocotea ([p. 359]). Branchlets pubescent while young, greenish or yellowish; leaves pale beneath, pubescent while young.Umbellularia ([p. 360]). Leaves not or slightly reticulate, glaucous, glabrous or pubescent beneath.Persea ([p. 356]).
ee Leaves not aromatic. f Leaves acute or acutish. Leaves obovate, gradually narrowed into short petioles. Leaves 2′—2½′ long.Schæfferia ([p. 679]). Leaves at least 6′—8′ long.Enallagma ([p. 873]). Leaves elliptic to oblong or ovate. Leaves rough or pubescent above, pubescent below, subcordate to cuneate at base. Leaves stellate-pubescent.Solanum ([p. 867]). Leaves scabrous above. Petiole ⅛′—¼′ long; leaves oval or oblong, 1¼′—4′ long.Ehretia ([p. 862]). Petiole 1′—1½′ long; leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, 3′—7′ long.Cordia ([p. 858]). Leaves smooth above. Winter-buds scaly. Leaves covered below with ferrugineous or pale scales, 1′—3′ long.Lyonia ([p. 797]). Leaves glabrous or nearly so below. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate, 4′—12′ long, usually clustered at end of branchlet, veinlets below obscure.Rhododendron ([p. 792]). Leaves elliptic or oval to oblong or lanceolate. Leaves light yellowish green below and without distinctly visible veins or veinlets, entire, 3′—4′ long.Kalmia ([p. 794]). Leaves pale below and more or less distinctly reticulate, occasionally serrate or denticulate, 1′—5′ long; bark of branches red.Arbutus ([p. 799]). Winter-buds naked. Leaves pubescent below when unfolding. Mature leaves nearly glabrous below. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to narrow-obovate.Dipholis ([p. 810]). Leaves oval.Sideroxylum ([p. 809]). Mature leaves covered below with brilliant copper-colored pubescence. Leaves glabrous below.Chrysophyllum ([p. 817]). Leaves marked by minute black dots, ovate to oblong-lanceolate.Ardisia ([p. 806]). Leaves lepidote, oblong-obovate.Rapanea ([p. 807]). ff Leaves obtuse or emarginate at apex. g Leaves rounded or cordate at base, emarginate, their petioles slender. Leaves reniform to broad-ovate, cordate; juice watery.Cercis ([p. 603]). Leaves elliptic to oblong, rounded at base; juice milky or viscid. Leaves emarginate; petioles slender, rufous-tomentulose.Mimusops ([p. 819]). Leaves obtuse at apex; petioles stout, grayish-tomentulose or glabrous.Rhus integrifolia ([p. 664]). gg Leaves cuneate at base.