[101-1] Professor Steinthal in the Zeitschrift für Völkerpsychologie.
[102-1] Dr. W. Windelband, Die Erkenntnissiehre unter dem voelkerpsychologischem Gesichtspunkte, in the Zeitschrift für Völkerpsychologie, 1874, Bd. VIII. S. 165 sqq.
[103-1] I would ask the reader willing to pursue this reasoning further, to peruse the charming essay of Oersted, entitled Das ganze Dasein Ein Vernunftreich.
[104-1] Geo. Boole, An Investigation of the Laws of Thought, p. 407.
[104-2] Herbert Spencer, First Principles, p. 112. Spinoza’s famous proposition, previously quoted, Unaquæque res quantum in se est, in suo esse perseverare conatur, (Ethices, Pars III., Prop. VI.,) expresses also the ultimate of modern investigation. A recent critic considers it is a fallacy because the conatus “surreptitiously implies a sense of effort or struggle for existence,” whereas the logical concept of a res does not involve effort (S. N. Hodgson, The Theory of Practice, vol. I. pp. 134-6, London, 1870.) The answer is that identity implies continuance. In organic life we have the fact of nutrition, a function whose duty is to supply waste, and hence offer direct opposition to perturbing forces.
[105-1] Geo. Boole, The Laws of Thought, p. 419.
[105-2] Kant, The Metaphysic of Ethics, p. 23 (Eng. Trans. London, 1869.)
[106-1] Creuzer, Symbolik und Mythologie der alten Voelker, Bd. I. s. 291.
[108-1] See this distinction between physical and thought laws fully set forth by Prof. Boole in the appendix to The Laws of Thought, and by Dr. Windelband, Zeitschrift für Voelkerpsychologie, Bd. VIII., s. 165 sqq.
[108-2] Geo. Boole, u. s. p. 399.