The future is formed by changing the i in which the root ends to ó, ǒzu, ózuru; e.g., iomó, iomǒzu, or iomózuru 'you will read.' If the root ends in chi it changes to tó; e.g., machi:mató 'I shall wait.' A root ending in xi changes to só; e.g., móxi,u:mósó 'I shall say, or speak.'
The imperative is formed by changing the i in which the root ends to e; e.g., iomi:iome 'read! or may you read.' If the root ends in chi it changes to te; e.g., machi:mate 'wait!' The imperative is also formed by changing the nu in which the negative present ends to ai; if you remove the nu from iomanu and replace it with ai it gives you yomai 'read!'[[91]] This is a common rule for the third conjugation, but this imperative is used only when addressing inferiors.
The future of the imperative is the future absolute; e.g., (30 iomó 'you will read.' This is used when addressing very low people.
The remaining tenses of the optative, subjunctive, gerund, and infinitive are formed in the same way and with the same particles as are used for each in the first conjugation.
The Second Negative Conjugation
The root of the negative second conjugation is made by changing i, in which the affirmative root ends, to azu; e.g., iomi:iomazu 'not reading.'
If the root ends in chi the present tense is formed by changing it to tanu; e.g., machi:matanu 'I do not wait.' If it ends in xi it changes to sanu; e.g., coroxi:corosanu 'I do not kill.' If they end in any other way change i to anu; e.g., corobi:corobanu 'I do not fall.'
The preterit is formed by changing the nu of the present tense to nanda; e.g., corobanu:corobananda 'I did not fall,' iomananda 'I did not read.' The other tenses are formed in the same way as the negative first conjugation.
The Third Affirmative Conjugation
The roots of the third conjugation end in ai, oi, or ui. Those ending in ai change to ó to form the present; e.g., narai:naró 'I learn.' Those