The substantive [verb] with the particle tomo is formed with the root; e.g., naqu tomo 'even if it were not.' The gerund is nó, nóte, naqu xite, or nacatte 'since it is not.' The remaining are formed as above, with the verb ari,u added, and are conjugated in the second conjugation.
Adjectives, when they do not precede verbs, are conjugated in the same way as the negative substantive verb. The adjectives, which have been said above to end in ai, ei, oi, ui, and ij, form their roots by changing the final i to qu; e.g., fucaqu is the root of 'deep,' ioqu the root of 'good,' xiguequ the root of 'dense,' varuqu the root of 'bad,' and vonajiqu the root of 'the same.'
The present tense is the form (vox) of the adjective itself; e.g., ioi 'good,' fucai 'deep,' varui 'bad,' vonaji 'the same.'[[96]]
The preterit is formed by changing the i of the adjective to c or q and adding ari,u. This form is then conjugated according to (33 the tense required by the sentence.
The permissive subjunctive with tomo is fucaqu tomo or fucai tomo 'although deep.'
The gerund in Do is fucóte 'since it was deep,' ióte 'since it was good,' canaxiúte [canaxúte][[97]] 'since it was sad,' xingueote [xigeôte][[98]] 'since it was dense.' It also takes the form of fucó xite, fucaqu xite, or fucacatte, or again iô xite, ioqu xite, or iocatte.
The adjectives which end in na are not conjugated. There is, however, a gerund in Do. For example, aqiracana has for its gerund aqiracani xite 'since it was clear,' and with the same meaning there is aqiraca de. Arisóna has arisǒni xite 'since it became apparent, or easy to believe.' Ióna has ióni as in ióni xite 'since it is in a good way, or since it has a good manner.' Cava ga fucóte vatarananda 'because the
river was deep, I did not cross it,' xebǒte irarenu 'since it was narrow, he was unable to enter,' varúte cuvarenu 'it is inedible, or it cannot be eaten, because it is bad.' The other tenses of the adjective, as has been said, are formed with the verb ari,u and conjugated according to the requirements of the sentence. The negative conjugation is also formed with ari,u; e.g., if the root is fucacarazu the present tense is fucacaranu 'it is not deep.' The preterit is fucacarananda 'it was not, etc.'
The Conditional Particles[[99]]
There are five particles which make an utterance (oratio) conditional; naraba, ni voite va, raba, va, and ba. When the first two are placed after any verb, affirmative or negative, present, preterit, or future, the result is that the verb becomes conditional. For example; niguru naraba 'if you flee,' iôda ni voite va 'if you had read,' naravó naraba 'if you will learn,' cuvazu ni voite va[[100]] 'if you do not eat.' Sometimes voi [voite] is removed from ni voite va; agueô ni va 'if you would offer,' aguetaró ni va 'if you would have offered.' Sometimes voite [voite va] is removed, leaving only ni; e.g., mairó ni coso, nen goro ni mǒsǒzure (19) 'if I go, or if I shall have gone, I will tell him so in a friendly way,' xitaró ni coso, saisocu tçuqu maji qere (19) 'if I (34 had done it, it would not have been done with diligence and persuasion.'