[Fig. CXX.] shows a shuttle-box mechanism for carpet hand-looms. As already stated, the four journals in power-looms are lifted by cams or similar contrivances. In [Fig. CXXI.] (representing the Crompton carpet loom) this cam arrangement is clearly visible; the cams are situated above the journals, the latter being lifted by means of the journal rods from above. The loom carries four shuttle-boxes at each end of the lathe; any one of the series at either end can be brought into line with the shuttle-race at any pick.
Fig. CXXII.
In some looms the journals are also lifted from below, as shown in [Fig. CXXII.], representing the “Knowles” carpet loom. In this the journals are controlled by a chain motion, instead of a cam, operating either journal at will, which can not be done on a loom where the journals are actuated by cams. This permits the shading of a fabric to be changed without cutting out the warp and re-drawing it. The box mechanism (four boxes on each side of the lathe) is positive, and controlled by a chain on the same shaft as the journals, and may be used with the chain alone, or with the chain in combination with the cards. The motion can be run forward or reversed at will, and any box called as desired.
Before closing this article, it is necessary to mention the method of working the loom built with a stationary “shuttle-raceway” and an independent “comb,” the latter having a reciprocating movement for beating up the filling, and a rising and falling motion for bringing the comb up into, and taking it out of the warp; it has also yielding racks and filling forks, and a cam so timed for operating the forks, that the latter will seize the filling and carry it forward in front of the range of the said comb.
[Fig. CXXIII.] illustrates the side view of the comb and its lay; also the parts necessary to be shown for working the same: k, the independent lay; d, the comb; c, the reed; a, its lathe; b, the shuttle-race; c, the breast beam of loom; oval ring, d, e, g, represents the motion of the comb in beating up the filling; e, r, upper shed of the warp; e, t, lower shed of the warp; x, the shed; h, stud fixed to the loom framing; h, i, to i, k, toggle connection of lay to stud, h; i, m, to m, l, crank connected at i to the toggles; l, crank shaft; p, o, lever for raising and lowering the lay, k; n, its fulcrum; s, grooved cam for working lever, p, o.
Fig. CXXIII.