[Fig. 14] illustrates the punch (actual size) as used in the “Royle” machine: a to b = 3/4 inch; b to c = 2-7/8 inches; 7/32 inch diameter of punch, d to c.
[Fig. 15] illustrates a corresponding key: diameter of key 3/16 inch, d to e; diameter of head, 3/8 inch, a to b; c is the hole for inserting the pin which holds the spring. The length of the keys vary from 1-3/4 to 2-1/8 inches, according to the position they occupy in the machine. The punch and key of the Uhlinger machine are shown (one-half of actual size) in Figs. [4] and[ 5].
A and B, in Figs. [2] and [13], represent the piston for guiding the head in its vertical motion.
[Fig. 3] represents the front view of the head. The numbers and letters indicating the different parts correspond with [Fig. 2].
The principle of construction and action of the heads in both kinds of machine are similar. Each key is provided with a fine spiral spring, which, after every action of the key, returns it to its original position. The key for the peg-hole is controlled by the larger spring, S, D, in Figs. [2] and [13]. The arrows in these two drawings indicate the direction taken by the keys when under pressure.
When cutting cards eight rows deep, the thumb of the right hand works the key for the peg-hole; the eight keys in the rear of the machine (which are the ones to be used) are worked by the four fingers of each hand.
When cutting cards twelve rows deep, the eight keys in the rear are operated by the eight fingers in the same manner; but the thumb of the right hand operates keys marked 1 and 2, and the thumb of the left hand operates keys marked 11 and 12.
During the cutting operation the fingers should not be removed from the keys; they should always be in readiness to press the required key into action, as this is the only way to become expert.
The eye of the card stamper must rest uninterruptedly on his design; and the keys are called at will by the fingers, without the eye leaving the design, to find out where a certain key or finger is situated at the time.
[Fig. 4] shows relative positions of punch, S, and key, E, when ready for stamping a hole.