[360] See the excellent treatment of the difference between the "realism" of Darwin and the "rationalism" of his critics, in Rádl, ii., particularly pp. 109, 135. The most elaborate criticism of Darwinism from the older standpoint was that given by A. Wigand in Der Darwinismus und die Naturforschung Newtons und Cuviers, 3 vols., Braunschweig, 1872.
[361] In vol. ii. of his Reden, St Petersburg (Petrograd), 1876—Ueber den Zweck in den Vorgängen der Natur; Ueber Zielstrebigkeit in den organischen Körpern insbesondere; and Ueber Darwin's Lehre.
[362] "Ueber die Darwinische Schöpfungstheorie," Zeits. f. wiss. Zool., xiv., pp. 74-86, 1864. Elaborated in Anat. u. syst. Beschreibung d. Alcyonarien, 1872.
[363] Cf. for instance Nägeli's theory of a perfecting principle, first developed in his Entstehung u. Begriff der naturhistorischer Art, München, 1865.
[364] Anatomy of Vertebrates, iii., 1868.
[365] Rapport sur les Progrès récents des Sciences zoologiques en France. Paris, 1867.