The Reign of William Rufus and the Accession of Henry the First, Volume 1 (of 2)

by Edward A. Freeman

• Quatford,
  • Danish fortification at, ii. 152;
  • castle of, ii. 153;
  • Earl Roger’s buildings at, ii. 154;
  • legend of the foundation of the church, ii. 154 (note).

R.

• Radegund, wife of Robert of Geroy, i. 469 [(note)].
• Radnor, ii. 77.
• Ralph Luffa,
  • Bishop of Chichester, i. [353];
  • at the consecration of the church of Battle, i. [444];
  • whether a mediator between Henry I. and the garrison of Arundel, ii. 430 (note).
• Ralph, Bishop of Coutances, at the consecration of the church of Battle, i. [444].
• Ralph, Abbot of Seez, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury,
  • driven out by Robert of Bellême, i. [184], [242];
  • his alleged share in the surrender of Arundel, ii. 430 (note).
• Ralph of Aix, death of William Rufus attributed to, ii. 325, 334, 663.
• Ralph of Fresnay and Beaumont,
  • truce granted to, by William Rufus, ii. 230;
  • estimate of his conduct, ii. 231;
  • submits to William Rufus, ii. 241.
• Ralph of Mortemer,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [34];
  • submits to him, i. [231].
• Ralph Paganel, Sheriff of Yorkshire,
  • his treatment of William of Saint-Calais, i. [31];
  • founds Holy Trinity Priory, York, [ib.];
  • his action in regard to Bishop William’s lands, i. [90];
  • at the meeting at Salisbury, i. [111].
• Ralph of Toesny, or Conches,
  • drives out the ducal forces, i. [193];
  • joins Robert’s expedition into Maine, i. [209];
  • his feud with William of Evreux, i. [231], [233], [245];
  • asks help in vain from Duke Robert, i. [234];
  • submits to Rufus, [ib.];
  • his treaties with William of Evreux, i. [267], [270];
  • wars against Robert of Meulan, i. [270];
  • supports William Rufus in his second invasion, i. [472];
  • his death, i. [270];
  • entertains William Rufus, ii. 246.
• Ralph of Toesny, the younger, i. [233], [271].
• Ralph of Wacey, his nickname, ii. 193.
• Ralph of Wader, goes on the first crusade, i. [552].
• Rama, siege of, ii. 117 (note), 122.
• Randolf Flambard, Bishop of Durham,
  • feudal developement under, i. [4];
  • his early history, i. [329], ii. 551;
  • said to have been Dean of Twinham, i. [330], ii. 553;
  • his parents, i. [331];
  • origin of his surname, i. [331], ii. 555;
  • his financial skill, i. [331];
  • his probable share in Domesday, i. [331], ii. 552;
  • his alleged new Domesday, i. [332], ii. 562;
  • Justiciar, i. [333], ii. 557;
  • his loss of land for the New Forest, i. [333];
  • his systematic changes and exactions, i. [333], [339], [346], [348];
  • his alleged spoliation of the rich, i. [334], [341];
  • systematizes the feudal tenures, i. [336] et seq.;
  • his theory of land tenure, i. [337];
  • extent of his changes, i. [340];
  • the law-giver of English feudalism, i. [341];
  • suggests the holding of the revenues of vacant sees, i. [345] et seq., ii. 564;
  • his action in keeping the see of Canterbury vacant, i. 363 [(note)];
  • his suit against Anselm, i. [428];
  • attacks and imprisons Robert son of Godwine, ii. 121;
  • King Eadgar’s action towards, ib.;
  • his exactions, ii. 256;
  • joint regent with Bishop Walkelin, ii. 266;
  • see of Durham granted to, ii. 271;
  • his consecration, ib.;
  • character of the appointment, ii. 272;
  • his buildings at Durham, ii. 60, 272;
  • founds Norham Castle, ib.;
  • his personal character, ii. 273;
  • his penitent end, ii. 274;
  • his dealings with Saint Alban’s Abbey, ii. 359 (note);
  • imprisoned by Henry, ii. 361;
  • his escape, ii. 397;
  • adventures of his mother, ii. 398;
  • stirs Duke Robert up against Henry, ib.;
  • said to have brought about desertions to Duke Robert, ii. 404;
  • receives the revenues of the see of Lisieux under cover of his son, ii. 416;
  • his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536;
  • entries about, in Domesday, ii. 553;
  • his official position, ii. 557;
  • story of the attempt on his life, ii. 560;
  • his measurement by the rope, ii. 563.
• Randolf Meschines, Earl of Chester, grant of the earldom of Carlisle to, ii. 549.
• Randolf Peverel, ii. 485.
• Randolf, his encounter with Saint Eadmund, ii. 269.
• Ransom, growth of the custom, i. [464].
• Rapes, in Sussex, origin of the name, ii. 564.
• Raymond, Count of Toulouse, refuses to do homage to Alexios, i. 564 [(note)].
• Redemption of land,
  • as devised by Flambard, i. [337];
  • as reformed by Henry I., i. [338], [353].
• Reginald, Abbot of Abingdon,
  • said to have helped in distributing the Conqueror’s treasure, ii. 265 (note);
  • his death, ii. 265 (note), 381 (note).
• Reginald of Saint Evroul, adorns Robert of Rhuddlan’s tomb, i. [128].
• Reginald of Warren, comes to Robert’s help at Rouen, i. [249], [253].
• Reingar, Bishop of Lucca, his protest in favour of Anselm, i. [622].
• Relief,
  • Flambard’s theory as to, i. [337], [338];
  • enforced by Henry’s charter, i. [338], ii. 353.
• Remigius, Bishop of Lincoln,
  • denounces the slave trade, i. [310];
  • completes the minster, [ib.];
  • his dispute with Thomas of York, i. [311];
  • wins over William Rufus, [ib.];
  • his death, i. [312];
  • alleged miracles at his tomb, i. 312 [(note)];
  • his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.
• Rémusat, Charles de, his Life of Anselm, i. 325 [(note)].
• Rhuddlan,
  • attacked by Gruffydd, i. [122];
  • castle of, ii. 77.
• Rhyd-y-gors Castle,
  • built by William Rufus, ii. 97;
  • defence of, ii. 101;
  • gained by the Welsh, ii. 106.
• Rhys ap Tewdwr, King of Deheubarth,
  • driven from and restored to his kingdom, i. [121];
  • his attack on Rhuddlan Castle, i. [122], ii. 78;
  • his defeat and death at Brecknock, ii. 91;
  • effect of his death, ii. 92.
• Rhys ap Thomas, Sir, ii. 95 (note).
• Richard I., compared with William Rufus, i. [290].
• Richard II., recasts Westminster Hall, ii. 262.
• Richard the Good, Duke of the Normans, i. [169].
• Richard, son of Duke Robert, his death, ii. 316.
• Richard,
  • son of Henry I. and Ansfrida, ii. 314, 380;
  • dies in the White Ship, ii. 381.
• Richard, Abbot of Saint Alban’s, ii. 166.
• Richard, Abbot of Ely,
  • his appointment, ii. 360;
  • removed by Anselm, ib.
• Richard of Courcy,
  • besieged by Duke Robert and Robert of Bellême, i. [274];
  • supports William Rufus, i. [472].
• Richard of Montfort, his death before Conches, i. [266].
• Richard of Redvers,
  • supports Henry, i. [221];
  • surrenders to William Rufus, i. [283];
  • joins Henry, i. [320];
  • one of Henry’s inner council, ii. 362;
  • his loyalty to Henry, ii. 399;
  • granted to Henry by Robert, ii. 513.
• Richard Siward, ii. 86.
• Richard Tisone, ii. 596.
• Richer of Laigle, i. 243 [(note)].
• Richera (Richesa), sister of Anselm, his letters to, ii. 579.
• Robert, Duke of the Normans,
  • assertion of his hereditary right, i. 11 [(note)], ii. 460;
  • releases Duncan and Wulf, i. [14];
  • his gifts for his father’s soul, i. [18];
  • compared with William Rufus, i. [20], [226];
  • arguments of the rebels in his favour, i. [24] et seq.;
  • invited to England by Odo, i. [56];
  • sends over Robert of Bellême and others, [ib.];
  • delays his coming, i. [71], [74];
  • his childish boasting, i. [71];
  • his promises to Odo, i. [72];
  • welcomes Bishop William, i. [117];
  • M. le Hardy’s apology for him, i. 175 [(note)];
  • William of Malmesbury’s estimate of him, [ib.];
  • character of his reign foretold by his father, i. [189];
  • anarchy under him, i. [190], [191];
  • his character, i. [190], [298], ii. 393;
  • spread of vice under him, i. [192];
  • his lavish waste, i. [195];
  • sells the Côtentin and Avranchin to Henry, i. [196], ii. 510–516;
  • imprisons Henry and Robert of Bellême, i. [199];
  • Earl Roger makes war on him, [ib.];
  • Odo’s exhortation to him, i. [200];
  • does homage to Fulk of Anjou for Maine, i. [204];
  • Maine submits to him, i. [209];
  • Ballon surrenders to him, i. [210];
  • besieges Saint Cenery, i. [211];
  • blinds Robert Carrel, i. [216];
  • grants Saint Cenery to Robert, grandson of Geroy, i. [217];
  • Alençon and Bellême surrender to him, i. [218];
  • frees Robert of Bellême and Henry, i. [220];
  • asks King Philip to help him against William, i. [237];
  • suspects the loyalty of Maine, ii. 191;
  • asks help of Fulk of Anjou, ii. 192;
  • bargains for the marriage of Fulk and Bertrada, ii. 193, 194;
  • Maine revolts again, ii. 197;
  • his carelessness as to his loss, ii. 200;
  • cleaves to his rights over the bishopric, ib.;
  • marches on Eu, i. [238];
  • a party in Rouen in his favour, i. [248];
  • Henry and Robert of Bellême come to his help, [ib.];
  • sent away from Rouen by Henry, i. [255];
  • is brought back, i. [260];
  • his treatment of the citizens, [ib.];
  • helps Robert of Bellême in his private wars, i. [273];
  • his treaty with William, i. [275]–281, ii. 522, 528;
  • marches against Henry, i. [283];
  • besieges Saint Michael’s Mount, i. [285]–292, ii. 528–535;
  • story of his clemency towards Henry, i. [291], ii. 534;
  • accompanies William to England, i. [295], [297];
  • his relations with Malcolm, i. [297], ii. 541 et seq.;
  • mediates between William and Malcolm, i. [301];
  • former homage of Malcolm to him, i. [302], ii. 542;
  • signs the Durham charter, i. [305], ii. 536;
  • his fresh dispute with William, i. [306];
  • leaves England, i. [307];
  • Henry wars against him, i. [321];
  • consents to Anselm’s acceptance of the primacy, i. [406];
  • his challenges to William, i. [435], [436];
  • his meeting with him, i. [461];
  • calls on Philip for help, i. [463];
  • takes La Houlme, i. [465];
  • besieges Montacute, i. 469 [(note)];
  • Henry again wars against him, i. [470];
  • his eagerness to go on the crusade, i. [552];
  • forced to apply to William for help, i. [553];
  • Abbot Geronto mediates between them, i. [553]–555;
  • pledges Normandy to William, i. [555], ii. 506;
  • his conference with William, i. [559];
  • sets forth, i. [560];
  • his conduct as a crusader, i. [560], [564], [565], [566], ii. 394;
  • blessed by Urban at Lucca, i. [561];
  • goes to Rome, [ib.];
  • welcomed by Roger of Apulia, [ib.];
  • crosses to Dyrrhachion, i. [563];
  • does homage to Alexios at Constantinople, i. [564];
  • his presence at Laodikeia and Jerusalem, i. [564], [565], ii. 300;
  • said to have refused the crown of Jerusalem, i. [566];
  • marries Sibyl of Conversana, ii. 312;
  • his reception in Southern Italy, ib.;
  • returns to Normandy, i. [566], ii. 311, 367;
  • gives thanks at Saint Michael’s for his safe return, ii. 367;
  • his renewed misgovernment, ii. 367, 394;
  • his claims to the English throne, ii. 343, 344, 346;
  • supported by William of Breteuil and other Normans, ii. 346, 347;
  • Norman nobles intrigue with, against Henry I., ii. 366, 368;
  • beginning of his war with Henry, ii. 368;
  • his reply to the garrison of Le Mans, ii. 372;
  • plots on his behalf, ii. 395;
  • his grants and promises, ib.;
  • his fleet, ii. 402;
  • desertions to, ii. 404, 409, 686;
  • lands at Portchester, ii. 405;
  • estimate of his conduct in not besieging Winchester, ii. 406;
  • meets Henry near Alton, ii. 409;
  • threatened with excommunication by Anselm, ii. 410;
  • negotiates with him, ii. 412;
  • personal meeting and treaty between the brothers, ii. 412–415, 538, 688–691;
  • returns to Normandy, ii. 414;
  • Henry negotiates with him, against Robert of Bellême, ii. 426;
  • besieges Vignats, ib.;
  • said to have stood godfather to Eadgyth-Matilda, ii. 602.
• Robert, Bishop of Hereford,
  • foretells the death of Remigius, i. [312];
  • receives Wulfstan’s confession, i. [479];
  • Wulfstan appears to him, i. [480];
  • absolved by Anselm for his conduct at Rockingham, i. [533];
  • Wulfstan appears to him again, [ib.] and [note];
  • his death, i. [535].
• Robert Bloet, Bishop of Lincoln,
  • accompanies William Rufus to England, i. [13];
  • his appointment, i. [395], ii. 584;
  • his character and offices, i. [395], [447], ii. 584 et seq.;
  • Thomas of York claims the right to consecrate him, i. [433];
  • consecrated by Anselm, i. [445]–447;
  • bribes Rufus, i. [446];
  • his death, i. [448], ii. 587;
  • local legends about, i. [448], ii. 586;
  • said to have besieged Tickhill, ii. 431;
  • signs the Durham charter, ii. 536;
  • not in good favour with monks, ii. 585;
  • his son Simon, ii. 586;
  • meaning of his name, ii. 588.
• Robert, Bishop of Bath, restores the canons of Wells, ii. 487.
• Robert Losinga, Abbot of New Minster,
  • the abbey bought for him by his son, i. [355];
  • his death, ii. 265 (note), 267.
• Robert, Abbot of Saint Eadmund’s,
  • his appointment, ii. 359;
  • removed by Anselm, ii. 360.
• Robert of Bellême,
  • sent over to England by Duke Robert, i. [57], ii. 465 et seq.;
  • agrees to surrender Rochester, i. [80];
  • pleadings made for him, i. [84];
  • his history and greatness, i. [179], [180];
  • his character, i. [181];
  • his cruelty and enmities, i. [182]–184, ii. 151, 222;
  • drives out the ducal garrisons, i. [193], [201];
  • sent against Rufus by Robert, i. [57];
  • returns to Normandy and is imprisoned, i. [199], [219];
  • exhortation of Odo against him, i. [201];
  • released at his father’s prayer, i. [219], [220];
  • his subsequent action, i. [242];
  • drives away Abbot Ralph of Seez, i. [184], [242];
  • comes to the help of Duke Robert, i. [248];
  • helped by Robert against his neighbours, i. [273], [274];
  • his oppression at Domfront, i. [319];
  • succeeds to the Norman estates of his father, i. [180], [473];
  • to his English estates, i. [180], ii. 148;
  • men of Domfront revolt against, i. [319];
  • his action in Wales, ii. 113;
  • extent of his estates, ii. 148, 163;
  • his position on the continent and in England, ii. 149, 150;
  • compared with the Counts of Mortain, ii. 149, and with Hugh of Chester, ii. 150;
  • his oppression, ii. 151;
  • his skill in castle-building, ib.;
  • his defences in Shropshire, ii. 152;
  • removes from Quatford to Bridgenorth, ii. 155;
  • builds Careghova Castle, ii. 158;
  • his Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire estates, ii. 159;
  • lands of Roger of Bully granted to, ii. 162;
  • strengthens Gisors Castle, ii. 187;
  • attacks Maine, ii. 213;
  • stirs up William Rufus to war, ii. 215;
  • carries it on, ii. 216;
  • his nickname of “Robert the Devil,” ii. 216, 219;
  • his castles in Maine, ii. 216;
  • wrong and sacrilege done by him, ii. 221, 222;
  • defeated by Helias, ii. 222, 223;
  • takes Helias prisoner, ii. 224;
  • contrasted with William Rufus, ib.;
  • occupies and strengthens Ballon Castle, ii. 235, 282;
  • story of him at the siege of Mayet, ii. 291;
  • hastens to acknowledge Henry I. as king, ii. 362;
  • calls himself the “man” of Helias, ii. 373 (note);
  • plots against Henry, ii. 395;
  • Duke Robert’s grants to, ib.;
  • deserts from Henry, ii. 409;
  • said to have negotiated between Henry and Robert, ii. 412;
  • charges brought against, ii. 421;
  • does not appear before the assembly, ib.;
  • proclamation against, ii. 442;
  • again summoned, but refuses to come, ib.;
  • greatness of his possessions, ii. 423;
  • his acquisition of Ponthieu, ib.;
  • his Welsh and Irish allies, ii. 423–426;
  • strengthens his castles, ii. 428;
  • harries Staffordshire, ii. 429;
  • Henry’s faith pledged for his life, ii. 430, 438;
  • seizes the land of William Pantulf, ii. 434;
  • feeling in the army on his behalf, ii. 436;
  • his dealings wth Murtagh and with Magnus, ii. 442;
  • holds out at Shrewsbury, ii. 445;
  • his despair, ii. 446;
  • sues for peace, and submits, ii. 448;
  • his banishment, ii. 449;
  • joy at his overthrow, ib.;
  • his later history, i. [184], ii. 450.
• Robert Carrel,
  • holds Saint Cenery against Duke Robert, i. [215];
  • blinded by him, i. [216].
• Robert of Conteville, i. [115].
• Robert the Cornard, his device of pointed shoes, i. [159], ii. 502.
• Robert of Courcy,
  • marries Rohesia of Grantmesnil, i. 273 [(note)];
  • wounded at Saônes, ii. 222.
• Robert of Curzon, Saint Eadmund’s dealings with, ii. 269.
• Robert the Dispenser,
  • signs the foundation charter of Salisbury Cathedral, i. 309 [(note)];
  • invents the surname Flambard, i. 309 [(note)], [331].
• Robert Count of Eu, submits to Rufus, i. [229].
• Robert Fitz-hamon,
  • his loyalty to William Rufus, i. [62];
  • Matilda’s lands granted to, by Rufus, i. [198];
  • his foundation at Tewkesbury, i. [479];
  • story of him and Jestin, ii. 80;
  • estimate of the story, ii. 81, 614;
  • his conquest of Glamorgan and settlement at Cardiff, ii. 81, 84;
  • other notices of, ii. 82;
  • marries Earl Roger’s daughter, ii. 83;
  • his works at Gloucester and Tewkesbury, ii. 84;
  • said to have taken part against Rhys, ii. 91;
  • tells the monk’s dream to William Rufus, ii. 328;
  • legend of his share in the burial of Rufus, ii. 338, 676;
  • signs Henry’s letter to Anselm, ii. 366;
  • his loyalty to him, ii. 399;
  • said to have negotiated between Henry and Robert, ii. 412.
• Robert Fitzharding, his probable origin, i. 46 [(note)].
• Robert the Frisian, Count of Flanders,
  • his interview with William Rufus, i. [411];
  • his expedition to the East, [ib.];
  • his help to the Emperor Alexios, [ib.];
  • his death, [ib.]
• Robert of Jerusalem, Count of Flanders,
  • succeeds his father, i. [412];
  • goes on the first crusade, i. [551], [560];
  • Anselm’s letter to, ii. 581.
• Robert, Earl of Gloucester,
  • natural son of Henry I., ii. 379, 414;
  • marries Mabel, daughter of Robert Fitz-hamon, ii. 83.
• Robert, natural son of Henry I. and Nest, ii. 379.
• Robert Malet, his banishment, ii. 417.
• Robert, Count of Meulan,
  • son of Roger of Beaumont, i. [184];
  • his possessions, i. [185];
  • his exploits at Senlac, [ib.];
  • his fame for wisdom, [ib.];
  • claims Ivry, i. [243];
  • his imprisonment and release, [ib.];
  • advises Rufus as to Anselm’s conditions, i. [417];
  • supports William Rufus, i. [472];
  • his description of Anselm, i. [511];
  • marries Isabel of Vermandois, i. 187 [(note)], [551];
  • his marriage denounced by Bishop Ivo of Chartres, i. 551 [(note)];
  • his answer to Anselm’s discourse, i. [591];
  • his policy towards William Rufus, ii. 182, 184;
  • receives his troops, ii. 182;
  • counsels William Rufus to reject Helias’s offer of service, ii. 243, 641;
  • accompanies Henry to London, ii. 350, 680;
  • one of his councillors, i. [186], ii. 350, 362, 420;
  • does not sign Henry’s charter or letter to Anselm, ii. 366;
  • Norman raid against his lands, ii. 367;
  • his advice to Henry I., ii. 400;
  • his bargain with Ivo of Grantmesnil, ii. 418;
  • becomes Earl of Leicester, ii. 419;
  • his death, i. [187], [419];
  • his sons, [ib.];
  • his college at Leicester, ii. 420;
  • Anselm’s letters to him, ii. 580.
• Robert, Earl of Leicester,
  • son of Robert of Meulan, i. [187], ii. 419;
  • founds Leicester Abbey, ii. 420.
• Robert of Montfort,
  • repairs and holds Vaux-en-Belin for William Rufus, ii. 289;
  • his signature to Henry’s charter, ii. 358;
  • his treason to Duke Robert, ii. 427.
• Robert, Count of Mortain,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [33], ii. 470;
  • holds Pevensey against him, i. [53], [62];
  • exhorted by Odo to hold out, i. [70];
  • besieged by William Rufus in Pevensey, i. [73], [76];
  • surrenders, i. [76].
• Robert of Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [35];
  • burns Bath, i. [41];
  • besieges Ilchester without success, i. [42], [44];
  • drives back Malcolm, i. [297];
  • his expedition against him, ii. 16, 592;
  • grants Tynemouth to Saint Alban’s, ii. 19, 605;
  • grounds for his conspiracy, ii. 37, 40;
  • marries Matilda of Laigle, ii. 38;
  • his second revolt against William Rufus, ii. 38, 43;
  • plunders Norwegian ships, ii. 40;
  • refuses redress, ii. 41;
  • summoned to the king’s court, ib.;
  • demands a safe-conduct, ii. 42;
  • his open rebellion, ii. 42, 43;
  • defence and sieges of his fortresses, ii. 46;
  • holds Bamburgh against Rufus, ii. 50, 607;
  • his alleged despair, ii. 51;
  • his escape from Bamburgh, ii. 52, 609;
  • said to have been taken at Tynemouth, ii. 53, 610;
  • threatened with blinding, ii. 54, 610;
  • versions of his later history, ii. 54, 611.
• Robert of Neville,
  • one of the defenders of Bridgenorth, ii. 433;
  • his negotiations with Henry I., ii. 440, 443.
• Robert of Pontefract,
  • plots against Henry I., ii. 395;
  • his banishment, ii. 417.
• Robert, Marquess of Rhuddlan,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [34];
  • attack made on his lands by Gruffydd, i. [122], [124];
  • his probable change of party, i. [123];
  • returns to North Wales, [ib.];
  • his death at Dwyganwy, i. [126];
  • buried at Chester, i. [127];
  • his gifts to Chester, i. 127 [(note)];
  • his connexion with Saint Evroul, [ib.];
  • translated thither, i. [128];
  • Orderic’s epitaph on, [ib.];
  • his lands in North Wales, ii. 77;
  • extension of his possessions, ii. 78.
• Robert of Saint Alban’s, his apostasy, ii. 123.
• Robert of Torigny, his Chronicle, i. 9 [(note)].
• Robert of Veci, first lord of Alnwick, ii. 596.
• Robert, son of Corbet,
  • one of the defenders of Bridgenorth, ii. 432;
  • notices of his estates in Domesday, ii. 433 (note);
  • his negotiations with Henry I., ii. 440, 443.
• Robert,
  • son of Godwine, ii. 117 (note), 118;
  • his exploits in Scotland, ii. 118, 617;
  • King Eadgar’s gifts to, ii. 121;
  • attacked and imprisoned by Randolf Flambard, ib.;
  • goes on the crusade, ii. 122, 617;
  • his exploits and martyrdom, ib.;
  • modern parallels and contrasts with, ii. 123;
  • notices of, in Fordun and William of Malmesbury, ii. 616, 617.
• Robert, son of Harding, i. 45 [(note)].
• Robert, son of Hugh of Montfort, sent to occupy the fortresses of Le Mans, ii. 239.
• Robert, son of Nigel and Gundrada, founder of Byland Abbey, ii. 612.
• Robert, son of Geroy, his rebellion and death, i. [214].
• Robert, grandson of Geroy,
  • Saint Cenery granted to, i. [217];
  • loses the castle, i. [469];
  • Henry Ætheling comes to his help against Robert of Bellême, [ib.]
• Robertson, E. W., on Malcolm’s homage to William Rufus, ii. 540.
• Roche Guyon, La, castle of, ii. 180, 181.
• Rochester,
  • its early history and position, i. [53], [54];
  • later sieges of, i. [53];
  • occupied by Odo, i. [55];
  • the garrison refuse to surrender to William Rufus, i. [77];
  • siege of, i. [79]–85;
  • surrenders, i. [85];
  • benefactions of Rufus to the church, ii. 506.
• Rockingham,
  • Council of (1095), i. [487] et seq.;
  • position and history of the place, i. [489], [490];
  • the castle, i. [490];
  • importance of the council, i. [519];
  • its constitution, i. [602].
• Roger, Count of Sicily,
  • legatine power granted to, i. 525 [(note)];
  • marriage of his daughter, i. [526];
  • besieges Amalfi, i. [561], and Capua, i. [614];
  • forbids conversions of the Saracens, i. [161], [617];
  • contrasted with Henry I., ii. 454.
• Roger, Duke of Apulia,
  • welcomes Duke Robert, i. [561];
  • besieges Amalfi, i. [562];
  • besieges Capua, i. [614];
  • receives Urban and Anselm in his camp, i. [615].
• Roger, Bishop of Salisbury, possibly one of Henry’s inner council, ii. 363.
• Roger, Abbot of Saint Michael’s Mount, i. [284].
• Roger of Beaumont,
  • father of Robert of Meulan, i. [184];
  • Brionne granted to, by Duke Robert, i. [194];
  • obtains the release of his son, i. [243];
  • his death, i. [472].
• Roger Bigod,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [34];
  • his ravages, i. [36];
  • his action at the meeting at Salisbury, i. [98];
  • signs Henry’s charter, ii. 358;
  • his loyalty to Henry, ii. 399;
  • his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.
• Roger of Bully,
  • greatness of his estates, ii. 159, 161;
  • founds the priory of Blyth, ii. 161;
  • his death, ii. 162;
  • his lands granted to Robert of Bellême, ib.
• Roger of Clare, with William Rufus in the New Forest, ii. 321.
• Roger of Lacy,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [33];
  • seizes on Hereford, i. [46];
  • his second rebellion, ii. 39;
  • his trial and sentence, ii. 63.
• Roger of Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [33], ii. 470;
  • his action in the rebellion, i. [47], [57];
  • his alleged presence before Worcester, ii. 481;
  • at Arundel, i. [58];
  • founds the priory of Saint Nicolas at Arundel, i. 59 [(note)];
  • won over by William, i. [61], ii. 462;
  • his action at the siege of Rochester, i. [80];
  • makes war on Duke Robert, i. [199];
  • his fortresses, i. [200];
  • obtains his son’s release, i. [219];
  • his advance in Powys, ii. 97;
  • his death, i. [473];
  • his buildings at Quatford, ii. 154;
  • his foundation at Wenlock, ib.;
  • his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536.
• Roger of Mowbray, son of Nigel and Gundrada, ii. 612.
• Roger of Poitou, son of Earl Roger,
  • rebels against William Rufus, i. [57];
  • his agreement with Bishop William, i. [93];
  • intervenes on his behalf, i. [109], [117], [120];
  • holds Argentan for William Rufus, i. [463];
  • surrenders to Robert, i. [464];
  • plots against Henry I., ii. 395;
  • his share in the rebellion of Robert of Bellême, ii. 423;
  • his banishment, ii. 450.
• Roger of Toesny, son of Ralph and Isabel,
  • county of Evreux settled on, i. [268];
  • his character, [ib.];
  • his dream, i. [269];
  • his death, i. [270].
• Roger, son of Corbet, notices of, in Domesday, ii. 433 (note).
• Rohais, wife of Richard of Clare, ii. 572.
• Rohesia, daughter of Hugh of Grantmesnil, marries Robert of Courcy, i. 273 [(note)].
• Romania, use of the word, i. 564 [(note)].
• Rome,
  • Pope Urban on the unhealthiness of, i. 367 [(note)];
  • treatment of Duke Robert at, i. [561].
• Rope, measurement by, i. 68 [(note)], ii. 562, 564.
• Rosella, daughter of Eadwine, ii. 603.
• Rotrou of Montfort,
  • Orderic’s tale of his forsaking Saint Cenery, i. 469 [(note)];
  • truce granted to, by Rufus, ii. 230;
  • estimate of his conduct, ii. 231.
• Rotrou, Count of Perche,
  • goes on the first crusade, i. [551];
  • imprisoned in the castle of Le Mans, ii. 373;
  • his mother gives the kiss of peace to Bishop Hildebert, ii. 373 (note).
• Rouen,
  • municipal spirit in, i. [246];
  • the citizens favour William Rufus, i. [247];
  • Henry comes to Robert’s help at, i. [248];
  • its position in the eleventh century, i. [250];
  • ducal castles at, [ib.];
  • cathedral and other churches of, i. [252];
  • its gates and suburbs, i. [252], [253];
  • Robert sent away from, i. [255];
  • taken by Henry, i. [256];
  • treatment of the citizens, i. [260];
  • council held by William Rufus at, ii. 226.
• Rouen,
  • synod of, i. [568];
  • small results of, i. [569].
• Rualedus, story of his treatment by Henry, ii. 540.
• Ruislip, Middlesex, said to have been a cell of Bec, i. 376 [(note)].

S.

• Saer, holds Pembroke Castle, ii. 451.
• Saint Alban’s,
  • Jews at, i. 160 [(note)];
  • the abbey granted to the see of Canterbury, i. [423];
  • four years’ vacancy of, i. [424];
  • grant of Tynemouth to, ii. 18, 605;
  • Flambard’s dealings with, ii. 359 (note).
• Saint Augustine’s, Canterbury,
  • disturbances at, on Guy’s appointment, i. [139];
  • vengeance of William Rufus on, i. [140].
• Saint Cenery, his relics, i. 213 [(note)].
• Saint Cenery-le-Gerey,
  • castle besieged by Duke Robert, i. [211], [215];
  • the former monastery, i. [212];
  • foundation of the castle, i. [214];
  • seized by Mabel, i. [215];
  • surrenders to Robert, [ib.];
  • mutilation of its defenders, i. [216];
  • granted to Robert, grandson of Geroy, i. [217];
  • taken by Robert of Bellême, i. [469].
• Saint David’s,
  • robbed by pirates, ii. 78;
  • tale of William Rufus’s visit to, ii. 93.
• Saint Eadmundsbury,
  • Jews at, i. 160 [(note)];
  • church of, rebuilt by Abbot Baldwin, ii. 268;
  • William Rufus forbids the dedication, ii. 269.
• Saint Evroul,
  • connexion of Robert of Rhuddlan with, i. [127];
  • his translation to, i. [128];
  • burial of Hugh of Grantmesnil at, i. [473].
• Saint Gervase, Rouen, priory of, i. [252].
• Saint James,
  • castle of, occupied by Henry, i. [321];
  • position and remains of, i. [321], [322];
  • granted to Earl Hugh, i. [323], ii. 540.
• Saint Julian, translation of his body, ii. 204.
• Saint Mary-le-bow, roof of the church blown down, i. [308], ii. 589.
• Saint Michael’s Mount,
  • bought of Robert by Henry, i. [196];
  • cession of, demanded by William Rufus, i. [277], ii. 524;
  • buildings on, i. [284];
  • Henry besieged at, i. [284]–292, ii. 528–535;
  • its position, i. [285];
  • later sieges of, i. [286];
  • surrenders to William, i. [292].
• Saint Oswald’s, Worcester, granted to the see of York, i. [447].
• Saint Ouen, Rouen, abbey of, i. [252].
• Saint Remy-du-plain, castle of, ii. 216, 218.
• Saint Saens, its position, i. [235].
• Saint Stephen’s, Caen, gifts of Rufus to, i. [168], ii. 504–506.
• Saint Tyfrydog, desecration of the church, ii. 131.
• Saint Valery,
  • submits to Rufus, i. [227];
  • historical importance of the fact, i. [228].
• Salisbury, assembly at (1096),
  • case of William of Saint-Calais heard at, i. [94] et seq.;
  • constitutional importance of, ii. 56, 57;
  • compared with that of 1086, ii. 58;
  • sentences passed at, ii. 62.
• Salisbury Cathedral,
  • consecration of, i. [308];
  • fall of the tower roof, i. [309];
  • signatures to the foundation charter, i. 309 [(note)]
• Samson, canon of Bayeux,
  • his appointment and consecration to the see of Worcester, i. [542]–544;
  • his great appetite, i. 543 [(note)];
  • consecrates Gloucester Abbey, ii. 317.
• Samson, chaplain to the Conqueror, story of his refusing the bishopric of Le Mans, i. [206].
• Samuel, Bishop of Dublin, consecrated by Anselm, i. [544].
• Sanctuary, right of, decree of the council of Clermont as to, i. 548 [(note)].
• Sanford (Devonshire), held by Roger of Bully, ii. 160 (note).
• Saônes,
  • castle of, ii. 216, 218;
  • Helias defeats Robert of Bellême at, ii. 222.
• Saracens in Sicily,
  • compared with the Jews, i. [161];
  • Anselm’s dealings with, i. [616];
  • conversion of, forbidden by Duke Roger, i. [617];
  • in Spain, mentioned in the Chronicle, ii. 306.
• Scandinavians,
  • in Cumberland, i. [315];
  • destroy Carlisle, [ib.]
• Schiavia, Anselm retires to, i. [615].
• Scotland, kingdom of,
  • becomes English, ii. 5;
  • compared with Wales, ii. 6;
  • effects of the Cumbrian conquest on, ii. 8;
  • Margaret’s reforms in, ii. 23;
  • growth of English influence in, ii. 24–26;
  • party feeling in, on Malcolm’s death, ii. 28;
  • dealings of Magnus with, ii. 147;
  • English influence in, under David, ii. 125;
  • results of Eadgar’s succession, ii. 304.
• Scotland, Abbot of Saint Augustine’s,
  • his death, i. [136];
  • disturbances consequent on, i. [139].
• Seez, enmity of Robert of Bellême to its bishops and abbots, i. [183].
• Seit, and others, letter of Anselm to, ii. 577.
• Selby Abbey, granted to the see of York, i. [447].
• Serlo,
  • Bishop of Seez, ii. 521;
  • excommunicates Robert of Bellême, i. [184].
• Serlo, Abbot of Gloucester,
  • visits Wulfstan, i. [479];
  • his warning to William Rufus, ii. 318, 329.
• Shoes, pointed, i. [158], ii. 502.
• Shrewsbury,
  • burial of Earl Hugh at, ii. 145;
  • Robert of Bellême holds out in, ii. 445;
  • castle of, ii. 446;
  • Henry I. marches against, ii. 446, 447;
  • surrender of, ii. 448, 457;
  • Gemóts held at, ii. 452;
  • earldom of, ib.
• Shropshire, defences of,
  • strengthened by Robert of Bellême, ii. 152;
  • early history of its fortresses, ib.
• Sibyl of Conversana,
  • marries Duke Robert of Normandy, ii. 312;
  • her character, ib.;
  • tales of her death, ii. 312 (note);
  • called Edith, ii. 687.
• Sibyl, daughter of Henry I., marries Alexander of Scotland, ii. 124.
• Sibyl, daughter of Earl Roger, marries Robert Fitz-hamon, ii. 83.
• Sicilian monarchy, the, i. [525].
• Sicily,
  • its relations with England, i. [526];
  • under the Normans, ii. 306.
• Siegfried, Bishop of Seez, signs the foundation charter of Lonlay Abbey, ii. 539.
• Signs and wonders, i. [176], ii. 246, 258, 302, 316.
• Sigston, church of, granted to the monks of Durham, ii. 535.
• Sigurd,
  • son of Magnus and Thora, ii. 133;
  • earldom of Orkney granted to, ii. 140;
  • his kingdom, ii. 146;
  • his Irish marriage, ii. 136, 146, 443, 622;
  • goes on the crusade, ii. 206.
• Sillé, siege of, compared with the deliverance of Worcester, ii. 480.
• Simeon, Abbot of Ely, ii. 359.
• Simon, son of Robert Bloet, Dean of Lincoln, i. [448], ii. 586.
• Simon of Montfort, the elder and the younger, ii. 190, 253, 254.
• Simon of Montfort, Earl of Leicester,
  • his siege of Rochester, i. 53 [(note)];
  • his ancestry, ii. 253.
• Simon of Senlis, Earl of Northampton,
  • taken prisoner by Lewis, ii. 190 (note);
  • his signature to Henry’s charter, ii. 358.
• Simony, not systematic before Rufus, i. [348].
• Siward Barn, signs the Durham charters, i. [305], ii. 536.
• Siward the priest, ii. 270 (note).
• Slave trade, denounced by Remigius, i. [310].
• Solêmes, priory of, ii. 202.
• Somerset,
  • ravaged by Robert of Mowbray, i. [41], [42];
  • bishopric of, removed to Bath, i. [136], ii. 483 et seq.;
  • use of the name, ii. 488.
• Spain, Saracens in, mentioned in the Chronicle, ii. 306.
• Sparsholt, manor of,
  • seized by William Rufus, ii. 380;
  • recovered by Abbot Faricius, ii. 380 (note);
  • notices of, in Domesday, ii. 381 (note).
• Stafford, commanded by William Pantulf, ii. 434.
• Stars, shooting, notices of, i. 478 [(note)], ii. 41, 118.
• Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, appeals to the charter of Henry I., ii. 358.
• Stephen, Abbot of Saint Mary’s, York, signs the Durham charter, ii. 536.
• Stephen, Archdeacon of Romsey, Anselm’s letter to, ii. 578.
• Stephen of Aumale,
  • submits to Rufus, i. [228];
  • one of his Norman supporters, i. [472];
  • conspiracy in his favour, ii. 39, 63;
  • no ground for his claim, ii. 39.
• Stephen of Chartres and Blois,
  • goes on the first crusade, i. [551], [560];
  • decamps for awhile, i. 566 [(note)].
• Stephen, the Jewish convert, story of, i. [163]–165.
• Stigand, Bishop of Chichester, his death, i. [135].
• Stoke, priory of Clare moved to, i. [376].
• Stone, manor of, ii. 507.
• Stoppele, church of, granted to Twinham, ii. 555.
• Stow, monks of, moved by Robert Bloet to Eynesham, ii. 585, 587.
• Streatham, lands of Bec at, i. [376].
• Stubbs, William, on the alleged Domesday of Flambard, ii. 562.
• Sudereys, disturbances in,
  • on the death of Godred Crouan, ii. 137, 138;
  • invaded by Magnus, ii. 140.
• Sulien, Bishop of Saint David’s, his death, ii. 78.
• Summons, effect of the practice of, ii. 58.
• Sussex, Earls of, i. 60 [(note)].
• Sutton, church at, granted to Abingdon Abbey, ii. 506.
• Swansea Castle, ii. 103.
• Swegen, son of Æthelric, ii. 551.
• Swegen, King, his overthrow at Gainsburgh compared with the deliverance of Worcester, ii. 480.
• Swinecombe, held by Bec, i. [375].

T.

• Tancard, Abbot of Jumièges, his appointment, i. [570].
• Tenby Castle, ii. 95.
• Tewkesbury Abbey,
  • founded by Robert Fitz-hamon, i. [479], ii. 84;
  • grant of Welsh churches to, ib.
• Thames, great tide in the, ii. 302.
• Theningmannagemót, the, i. [604].
• Theobald of Gisors. See [Pagan].
• Theobald, the White Knight, helps to defend Courcy, ii. 519.
• Thetford, hospital at,
  • founded by William Rufus, ii. 506;
  • the see moved to Norwich, i. [449], ii. 569.
• Thierry, Augustin, on the punishment of the monks of Saint Augustine’s, i. 140 [(note)].
• Thomas of London, Archbishop of Canterbury, case of,
  • at Northampton, i. [95];
  • general surprise at his appointment, i. [359];
  • his case compared with those of Anselm and of William of Saint-Calais, i. [597] et seq.
• Thomas of Bayeux, Archbishop of York,
  • at the meeting at Salisbury, i. [95], [102];
  • claims jurisdiction over Lindesey, i. [311], [433];
  • present at Anselm’s consecration, i. [429];
  • asserts his metropolitan rights, i. [431];
  • compromise agreed to, i. [447];
  • at the deathbed of William of Durham, ii. 61;
  • not present at the coronation of Henry I., ii. 350 (note), 681;
  • his death, ii. 391;
  • his signature to the Durham charter, ii. 536;
  • his alleged coronation of Henry, ii. 682.
• Thomas,
  • son of Flambard, ii. 552;
  • his appointment to the see of Lisieux, ii. 416.
• Thora, mother of Sigurd, ii. 133.
• Thurstan, Abbot of Glastonbury, restored by William Rufus, i. [135].
• Tiberius, Emperor, William Rufus compared to, i. [148].
• Tiberius, Legate, ii. 488.
• Tickhill (Dadesley) Castle, ii. 160;
  • name used indiscriminately with Blyth, ii. 162;
  • surrenders to Henry I., ii. 431;
  • its later history, ii. 432.
• Tinchebrai, English feeling about the battle, ii. 402.
• Toledo, taking of, ii. 306.
• Tooting, lands of Bec at, i. [376].
• Tostig, his works at Tynemouth, ii. 18, 604.
• Touques,
  • William Rufus sets sail from, i. [13];
  • his voyage to, ii. 284;
  • its present appearance, ib.
• Toustain, manor of Sparsholt granted to, ii. 380.
• Tower of London,
  • surrounded by a wall, i. [261];
  • first recorded case of its use as a state prison, ii. 361.
• Tréport, Robert’s fleet at, ii. 402.
• Trondhjem, Saint Olaf’s body translated to, ii. 139.
• Truce of God,
  • confirmed by the synod of Rouen, i. [568];
  • observed by William Rufus, ii. 290.
• Trye, castle of, ii. 188.
• Tunbridge Castle,
  • holds out against William Rufus, i. [53];
  • its position, i. [68];
  • not in Domesday, i. 68 [(note)];
  • granted to Richard of Clare in exchange for Brionne, [ib.];
  • taken by William Rufus, i. [69].
• Turgot, Prior of Durham and Bishop of Saint Andrews,
  • favourably received by William Rufus, i. [298];
  • joins in laying the foundation stone of Durham Abbey, ii. 11;
  • appointed to the see of Saint Andrews, ii. 124;
  • as to the writings attributed to him, ii. 596.
• Turold, Bishop of Bayeux, his appointment, i. [571].
• Turold, Abbot of Peterborough, his death, ii. 267.
• Twinham,
  • connexion of Randolf Flambard with, ii. 553;
  • church of, ii. 554;
  • Earl Godwine a benefactor of, ii. 555.
• Tynemouth,
  • Malcolm’s burial at, ii. 17;
  • history of, ii. 17–19, 602 et seq.;
  • besieged by William Rufus, ii. 47, 606;
  • description of, ii. 48, 606;
  • taking of, ii. 48, 607;
  • alleged escape of Robert of Mowbray to, ii. 53, 609.

U.

• Uhtred, brother of Morkere, ii. 605.
• Uhtred, son of Edwin, besieges Pembroke, ii. 108.
• Uhtred, son of Fergus, ii. 551.
• Ulf, son of Harold and Eadgyth, ii. 134, 135.
• Urban II., Pope,
  • advises Anselm against going to Rome, i. 367 [(note)];
  • English feeling as to his claim to the papacy, i. [415];
  • Anselm claims to acknowledge him, i. [416];
  • the question left unsettled, i. [424];
  • his correspondence with Wulfstan, i. [479];
  • his acknowledgement insisted on by Anselm, i. [486];
  • position of the rival Popes, i. [488];
  • no real objection on William’s part to acknowledge him, i. [489];
  • holds a Council at Piacenza, i. [522], [545];
  • mission of William Rufus to him, i. [524];
  • received at Cremona by Conrad, i. [525];
  • acknowledged by Rufus, i. [528];
  • holds the Council of Clermont, i. [545]–547;
  • preaches the crusades, i. [549];
  • sends Abbot Jeronto on a mission to William Rufus, i. [553], ii. 588;
  • bribed by William, i. [554];
  • sends his nephew, [ib.];
  • blesses Duke Robert and his companions, i. [561];
  • his reception and treatment of Anselm, i. [607], [608], [621];
  • in Roger’s camp at Capua, i. [615];
  • Eadmer’s way of speaking of him, i. 616 [(note)];
  • forbids Anselm to resign, i. [617];
  • holds the Council of Bari, i. [608], [618];
  • his dealings with William of Warelwast, i. [619], [620];
  • threatens William Rufus with excommunication, i. [619];
  • is bribed to give him a respite, i. [620];
  • his treatment of Anselm, i. [621];
  • holds the Lateran Council, i. [607], [621];
  • his death, i. [622], ii. 300, 311;
  • Anselm’s letters to him, i. [612], ii. 582.
• Urse of Abetot, Sheriff of Gloucester and Worcester, at the trial of William of Saint-Calais, i. [94].

V.