The Reign of William Rufus and the Accession of Henry the First, Volume 2 (of 2)

by Edward A. Freeman

[1172] See N. C. vol. v. p. 160.

[1173] Ib. vol. i. pp. 327, 333.

[1174] The account in the Brut is that in 1101 (that is 1103) he “was cited to Shrewsbury, through the treachery of the King’s council. And his pleadings and claims were arranged; and on his having come, all the pleadings were turned against him, and the pleading continued through the day, and at last he was adjudged to be fineable, and was afterwards cast into the King’s prison, not according to law, but according to power.” Again I should like to be able to judge of the translation. The Annals say in one copy, “Iorward filius Bledint apud Saresberiam a rege Henrico injuste capitur;” in another, “captus est ab hominibus regis apud Slopesburiam.” Shrewsbury is of course the right reading.

[1175] So says the Brut. The Annals also call him “decus et solamen Britanniæ.”

[1176] His story is told among others by William of Malmesbury, v. 397, 398.

[1177] The question of his blinding has a bearing on the question of the blinding of Duke Robert. See N. C. vol. v. p. 849.

INDEX.

A.

• Aaron, the Jew, i. 160 (note).
• Abbeys,
  • sale of, by William Rufus, i. 134, 135, 347, 349;
  • vacancies of, prolonged by him, i. 134, 135, 347, 350, ii. [564];
  • Englishmen appointed to by him, i. 352;
  • in what sense the king’s, i. 455.
• Aberafan,
  • held by the descendants of Jestin, ii. [87];
  • foundation of the borough, ii. [88].
• Aberllech, English defeat at, ii. [107].
• Aberlleiniog Castle, ii. [97];
  • destroyed by the Welsh, ii. [101];
  • rebuilt, ii. [129];
  • modern traces of, ii. [130];
  • fleet of Magnus off, ii. [143].
• Aberllwehr Castle, ii. [103].
• Abingdon Abbey, dealings of Hugh of Dun and Hugh of Buckland with, ii. [665].
• Adela, daughter of William the Conqueror, her correspondence with Anselm, i. 374, ii. [571].
• Adelaide,
  • wife of Walter Tirel, ii. [322], [673];
  • her tenure of lands in Essex, ii. [674].
• Adeliza, Queen, wife of Henry I., ii. 389 ([note]).
• Adeliza (Atheliz), abbess of Wilton, Anselm’s letter to, ii. [578].
• Adeliza, wife of Roger of Montgomery, legend of her vow, ii. [154].
• Adeliza, wife of William Fitz-Osbern, i. 266.
• Advocatio, advowson, right and duty of, i. 420.
• Ælfgifu-Emma. See [Emma].
• Ælfheah, Archbishop of Canterbury, Anselm asserts his right to the title of martyr, i. 377.
• Ælfhere, Prior of Saint Eadmund’s, ii. [579].
• Ælfred, King, Henry I. descended from, ii. [383].
• Ælfred of Lincoln, ii. [485].
• Ælfsige, Abbot of Bath, his death, i. 136.
• Ælwine Retheresgut, ii. 359 ([note]).
• Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, fortifies Bridgenorth, ii. [152], 153 ([note]).
• Æthelflæd, Abbess of Romsey, her alleged outwitting of William Rufus, ii. [32], [600].
• Æthelnoth the Good, Archbishop of Canterbury, his gift of a cope to the Archbishop of Beneventum, i. 610.
• Æthelred II., compared with William Rufus, ii. [307].
• Æthelward, son of Dolfin, ii. [551].
• Agnes of Ponthieu,
  • wife of Robert of Bellême, i. 180;
  • his treatment of her, i. 183;
  • escapes from him, i. 183 (note).
• Agnes, wife of Helias of Maine, ii. [373].
• Agnes, widow of Walter Giffard, said to have poisoned Sibyl of Conversana, ii. 312 ([note]).
• Aiulf, Sheriff of Dorset, ii. [485].
• Alan the Black, lord of Richmond,
  • part of Bishop William’s lands granted to, i. 90;
  • his agreement with the Bishop, i. 93;
  • intervenes on his behalf, i. 109, 117, 120;
  • Rufus bids him give the Bishop ships, i. 114;
  • seeks Eadgyth-Matilda in marriage, ii. [602];
  • his death, [ib.]
• Albanians, followers of Magnus so called, ii. [623].
• Alberic, Earl of Northumberland, confirms the grant of Tynemouth to Jarrow, ii. [18], [605].
• Alberic of Grantmesnil,
  • goes on the first crusade, i. 552;
  • called the “rope-dancer,” i. 565 (note).
• Aldric, Saint, Bishop of Le Mans, his buildings, ii. [240], [633].
• Alençon, garrison of,
  • driven out by Robert of Bellême, i. 193;
  • surrenders to Duke Robert, i. 218;
  • the army of William Rufus meets at, ii. [228].
• Alexander the Great, William Rufus compared to, i. 287.
• Alexander II., Pope, his excommunication of Harold, i. 612.
• Alexander, King of Scotland,
  • son of Malcolm and Margaret, ii. [22];
  • driven out of Scotland, ii. [30];
  • his accession, ii. [124];
  • marries a daughter of Henry I., [ib.];
  • Anselm’s letter to, ii. [581].
• Alexios Komnênos, Eastern Emperor,
  • appeals for help to the Council of Piacenza, i. 545;
  • Duke Robert does homage to, i. 564.
• Allières, castle of, ii. [216], [217].
• Almaric the Young, ii. [251].
• Alnwick,
  • history of the castle and lords of, ii. [15], [596];
  • death of Malcolm III. at, ii. [16], [592].
• Alton, meeting of Henry I. and Robert near, ii. [408].
• Alvestone, sickness of William Rufus at, i. 390.
• Amalchis, brings news to William Rufus of the victories of Helias, ii. [283], [645–652], 785.
• Amalfi, siege of, i. 562.
• Amalric of Montfort, gets possession of the county of Evreux, i. 268 (note).
• Amercements, provision for, in Henry’s charters, ii. [354].
• Amfrida, her correspondence with Anselm, ii. [571].
• Anglesey,
  • advance of Hugh of Chester in, ii. [97];
  • deliverance of, ii. [101];
  • war of 1098 in, ii. [127] et seq.;
  • fleet of Magnus off, ii. [143];
  • his designs thereon, ii. [145];
  • subdued by Hugh of Chester, ii. [146];
  • recovered by the Welsh, ii. [301];
  • second visit of Magnus to, ii. [442].
• Annales Cambriæ, ii. 3 [(note)].
• Anselm,
  • his biographers, i. 325 (note), [369];
  • his birthplace and parentage, i. 366;
  • compared with Lanfranc, i. 368, 456;
  • his friendship with William the Conqueror, i. 368, 380;
  • not preferred in England by him, i. 368;
  • his character, i. 369;
  • his childhood and youth, i. 370, 371;
  • leaves Aosta, sojourns at Avranches, and becomes a monk at Bec, i. 371;
  • elected prior and abbot, i. 372;
  • his wide-spread fame, i. 373;
  • his correspondence, i. 374, ii. [570] et seq.;
  • his desire to do justice, i. 377;
  • his first visit to England, ib.;
  • asserts Ælfheah’s right to the title of martyr, ib.;
  • his friendship with the monks of Christ Church, i. 378;
  • with Eadmer, i. 369, 378, 460;
  • his popularity in England, i. 378;
  • his preaching and alleged miracles, i. 379;
  • his friendship for Earl Hugh, i. 380;
  • entertained by Walter Tirel, i. 380 (note);
  • regarded as the future Archbishop, i. 381;
  • refuses Earl Hugh’s invitation to Chester, i. 383;
  • yields at last, at the bidding of his monks, i. 384;
  • hailed at Canterbury as the future Archbishop, i. 385;
  • his first interview with William Rufus, ib.;
  • rebukes him, i. 386;
  • goes to Chester, i. 387;
  • the King refuses him leave to go back, i. 388;
  • his form of prayer for the appointment of an archbishop, i. 390;
  • the King’s mocking speech about, ib.;
  • sent for by him, i. 393;
  • named by him to the archbishopric, i. 396, ii. [584];
  • his unwillingness, i. 396;
  • Rufus pleads with him, i. 398;
  • invested by force, i. 399;
  • his first installation, i. 400;
  • his prophecy and parable, i. 401;
  • has no scruple about the royal right of investiture, i. 403;
  • later change in his views, i. 404;
  • stays with Gundulf, i. 406;
  • his interview with William at Rochester, i. 412;
  • conditions of his acceptance, i. 413–416;
  • refuses to confirm William’s grants during the vacancy, i. 418–421;
  • states the case in a letter to Hugh of Lyons, i. 419, ii. [571], [576];
  • receives the archbishopric and does homage, i. 422;
  • his friendship with Abbot Paul of Saint Alban’s, i. 423;
  • the papal question left unsettled, i. 424, 432;
  • his enthronement, i. 427;
  • Flambard’s suit against him, i. 428;
  • his consecration, i. 429–432;
  • professes obedience to the Church of Rome, i. 432;
  • attends the Gemót at Gloucester, i. 434;
  • his unwilling contribution for the war against Robert, i. 437, 438;
  • his gift refused by the King, i. 439;
  • his dispute with the Bishop of London, i. 440;
  • at the consecration of Battle Abbey, i. 444;
  • insists on the profession of Robert Bloet, i. 446;
  • rebukes the courtiers, i. 449;
  • appeals to Rufus for reforms, i. 451;
  • asks leave to hold a synod, ib.;
  • protests against fashionable vices, i. 452;
  • prays the King to fill vacant abbeys, i. 453;
  • his claim to the regency, i. 457;
  • attempts to regain the King’s favour, ib.;
  • refuses to give him money, i. 458–460;
  • leaves Hastings, i. 460;
  • his interview with the King at Gillingham, i. 481;
  • asks leave to go to Urban for the pallium, i. 481–484;
  • argues in favour of Urban, i. 484;
  • asks for an assembly to discuss the question, i. 485;
  • insists on the acknowledgement of Urban, i. 486;
  • states his case at the assembly at Rockingham, i. 492;
  • how regarded by the King’s party, i. 493;
  • advice of the bishops to, i. 494;
  • sets forth his twofold duties, i. 495, 496;
  • compared with William of Saint-Calais, i. 497;
  • not the first to appeal to Rome, ib.;
  • his speech to Rufus, i. 498;
  • sleeps during the debate, ib.;
  • the King’s message and advice of the bishops, ib.;
  • schemes of William of Saint-Calais against, i. 500;
  • speech of Bishop William to him, i. 502;
  • Anselm’s challenge, i. 505;
  • popular feeling with him, i. 507;
  • speech of the knight to, i. 508;
  • renounced by the King and the bishops, i. 512;
  • supported by the lay lords, i. 514;
  • proposes to leave England, i. 516;
  • agrees to an adjournment, i. 518;
  • his friends oppressed by the King, i. 520;
  • summoned to Hayes, i. 530;
  • refuses to pay for the pallium, i. 531;
  • reconciled to Rufus, ib.;
  • refuses to take the pallium from him, i. 532;
  • absolves Bishops Robert and Osmund, i. 533;
  • restores Wilfrith of Saint David’s, i. 534;
  • receives the pallium at Canterbury, ib.;
  • his alleged oath to the Pope, i. 535, ii. [588];
  • his letters to Cardinal Walter, i. 536, 538, ii. [41], [571];
  • entrusted with the defence of Canterbury, i. 537, ii. [44];
  • his canonical position objected to by the bishops, i. 539;
  • his dealings with his monks and tenants, i. 541;
  • attends Bishop William on his deathbed, i. 542, ii. [61];
  • consecrates English and Irish bishops, i. 544;
  • his letters to King Murtagh, i. 545 (note), ii. [581];
  • his contribution to the pledge-money, i. 558;
  • complaints made of his contingent to the Welsh war, i. 572;
  • position of his knights, i. 573;
  • summoned to the King’s court, i. 574;
  • change in his feelings, i. 575;
  • his yearnings towards Rome, i. 575–577;
  • new position taken by, i. 577;
  • determines to demand reform, i. 579,
    • and not to answer the new summons, ib.;
  • favourably received, i. 581;
  • asks leave to go to Rome, i. 582, 583,
    • and is refused, ib.;
  • renews his request, i. 584;
  • again impleaded, ib.;
  • alternative given to by William, ib.;
  • his answer to the bishops and lords, i. 585;
  • to Walkelin, i. 587;
  • charged with breach of promise, i. 589;
  • alternative given to him, ib.;
  • his discourse to the King, i. 589–591;
  • the barons take part against him, i. 591;
  • his answer to Robert of Meulan, i. 592;
  • terms on which he is allowed to go, i. 592, 593;
  • his last interview with Rufus, i. 593;
  • blesses him, i. 594;
  • his departure from Canterbury, ib.;
  • his departure foretold by the comet, ii. [118];
  • William of Warelwast searches his luggage, i. 595;
  • crosses to Whitsand, ib.;
  • his estates seized by the King, ib.;
  • his acts declared null, i. 596;
  • compared with Thomas of London and William of Saint-Calais, i. 598 et seq.;
  • does not strictly appeal to the Pope, i. 598;
  • does not assert clerical privileges, i. 599;
  • effects of his foreign sojourn on, i. 606;
  • writes to Urban from Lyons, i. 612;
  • alleged scheme of Odo Duke of Burgundy against, i. 606,
    • and of Pope Clement, i. 607;
  • his reception by Urban, ib.;
  • known as “the holy man,” i. 608;
  • writes to Rufus, i. 613;
  • his sojourn at Schiavia, i. 615;
  • writes his “Cur Deus Homo,” ib.;
  • plots of William Rufus against, ib.;
  • his reception by Duke Roger, ib.;
  • his kindness to the Saracens, i. 616;
  • forbidden to convert them, i. 617;
  • Urban forbids him to resign his see, ib.;
  • defends the Filioque at Bari, i. 609, 618;
  • pleads for William Rufus, ib.;
  • Urban’s dealings with him, i. 621;
  • made to stay for the Lateran Council, i. 621;
  • special honours paid to, i. 607, 622;
  • goes to Lyons, i. 622;
  • hears of the death of Rufus, ii. [34], [363];
  • the monks of Canterbury beg him to return, ii. [363];
  • Henry’s letter to, ii. [364–366];
  • returns to England, ii. [369];
  • his connexion with Norman history, [ib.];
  • his meeting with Henry, ii. [374];
  • his dispute with Henry compared with that with Rufus, ii. [375];
  • his refusal to do homage and receive investiture, ii. [375], [376];
  • the question is adjourned, ii. [377], [378], [399];
  • no personal scruple on his part, ii. [377];
  • provisional restoration of his temporalities, ii. [378];
  • refuses his consent to the appointment of Eadwulf as abbot of Malmesbury, ii. 383 [(note)];
  • Eadgyth appeals to, concerning her marriage with Henry, ii. [384];
  • holds an assembly on the matter, and pronounces in her favour, ii. [384], [385], [683];
  • other versions of the story, ii. [385], [387];
  • celebrates the marriage, ii. [387];
  • his speech thereat, ii. [388];
  • mediates between Henry and his nobles, ii. [400];
  • his contingent against Robert, ii. [403];
  • his energy on behalf of Henry, ii. [410];
  • threatens Robert with excommunication, [ib.];
  • Henry’s compromise with, ii. [455];
  • called Saint before his canonization, ii. [661].
• Ansfrida, mistress of Henry I.,
  • story of, ii. [380];
  • buried at Abingdon, ii. [382].
• Anskill of Berkshire,
  • story of, ii. [380];
  • notice of in Domesday, ii. 381 [(note)].
• Anthony, Sub-Prior of Christ Church, appointed Prior of Saint Augustine’s, i. 140.
• Antioch,
  • “rope-dancers” at, i. 565;
  • death of Arnulf of Hesdin at, ii. [66].
• Aosta, birthplace of Anselm, i. 366.
• Aquitaine, Duke William proposes to pledge it to William Rufus, ii. [313].
• Archard. See [Harecher].
• Archbishop of Canterbury,
  • special position of, i. 358;
  • the parish priest of the Crown, i. 414 (note).
• Archbishopric, meaning of the phrase “receiving” it, ii. [375].
• Argentan Castle,
  • held by William Rufus, i. 462;
  • siege of, i. 463;
  • surrenders to Duke Robert, i. 464;
  • granted to Robert of Bellême, ii. [396];
  • held by him against Henry I., ii. [428].
• Armethwaite Nunnery, alleged foundation of, by William Rufus, ii. [506].
• Arnold, Bishop of Le Mans, his buildings, ii. [240], [634].
• Arnold of Saint Evroul, translates Robert of Rhuddlan’s body to Saint Evroul, i. 128.
• Arnold of Escalfoy, poisoned by Mabel Talvas, i. 215.
• Arnold of Percy, signs the Durham charter, ii. [530].
• Arnold, Dr., on chivalry, ii. [508].
• Arnulf of Hesdin,
  • his alleged foundation at Ruislip, i. 376 (note);
  • his gifts to Gloucester Abbey, ii. [65];
  • his innocence proved by battle, [ib.];
  • goes to the crusade and dies, ii. [66].
• Arnulf of Montgomery,
  • son of Earl Roger of Shrewsbury, i. 57 (note);
  • begins Pembroke Castle, ii. [96];
  • plots against Henry, ii. [395];
  • his share in Robert of Bellême’s rebellion, ii. [423];
  • his dealings with King Murtagh, ii. [425], [622], [624];
  • and with King Magnus, ii. [426];
  • harries Staffordshire, ii. [429];
  • goes to Ireland, ii. [442];
  • his banishment, ii. [450].
• Arques Castle, held by Helias of Saint-Saens, i. 236.
• Arundel,
  • held by Earl Roger, i. 58;
  • position of, ib.;
  • castle of, built T. R. E., ib.;
  • priory founded at, by Earl Roger, i. 59 (note);
  • besieged by Henry I., ii. [428];
  • terms of its surrender, ii. [430];
  • its later fortunes, [ib.]
• Arundel, Earl of, origin of the title, i. 60 (note).
• Ascalon, battle of, i. 623.
• Ascelin Goel, his war with William of Breteuil, i. 243 (note).
• Assemblies, frequency of, under William Rufus, i. 487.
• Aumale Castle,
  • surrendered to William Rufus, i. 228;
  • strengthened by him, i. 229.
• Auvergne, mention of in the Chronicle, i. 547 (note).
• Avesgaud, Bishop of Le Mans, signs the foundation charter of Lonlay Abbey, 539.
• Avon, at Bristol, i. 37.
• Avranchin, bought by Henry of Robert, i. 196, ii. [510–516].

B.