James's Account of S. H. Long's Expedition, 1819-1820, part 4 - Edwin James; Stephen H. Long; Thomas Say

Note. The Expedition arrived at Engineer Cantonment, their wintering post, on the 17th instant.

September 3d, fall of rain 7-8 inch—4th, 1-8 inch—5th, 5-8 inch—7th, 3-8 inch—8th, 5-8 inch.

{lii} Meteorological Register {liii} for the Month of OCTOBER, 1819

Day of Month	MORNING		MID-DAY		EVENING		Mean Temp.	Mean Temp. at Germantown	REMARKS	BAROMETER			MODIFICATIONS AND COURSES OF CLOUDS
	MORNING		MID-DAY		EVENING					BAROMETER			Morning		Mid-Day		Evening
	Temperature	Wind	Temperature	Wind	Temperature	Wind				Morning	Noon	Evening	Clouds	Courses	Clouds	Courses	Clouds	Courses
1	46	Calm	86	N.W.	74	N.W.	68	65	Atmosphere thick with smoke	28.73	28.54	28.56	Cml,	N.W.	Fair	—	Fair	—
2	50	Calm	73	E.	65	E.	62	—	Atmosphere thick with smoke	28.74	28.62	28.62	Fair	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
3	54	S.E.	75	S.E.	72	Calm	67	—	Atmosphere thick with smoke	28.54	28.45	28.38	Fair	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
4	64	E.S.E.	90	S.E.	86	S.E.	80	56	Atmosphere thick with smoke	28.38	28.28	28.28	Fair	—	Fair	—	C,	S.W.
5	72	S.E.	88	S.S.E.	82	S.S.E.	80	60	Windy and squally. Atmosphere thick with smoke	28.38	28.35	28.35	Cml,	—	Cm,	—	C,	—
6	68	S.E.	71	S.E.	47	N.W.	62	66	Light rain this morning	28.40	28.33	28.40	Ns.	S.W.	Ns.	—	Ns.	—
7	36	N.W.	39	N.W.	38	N.W.	37	66	Windy	28.70	28.80	28.87	Ns.	—	Ns.	—	Ns.	—
8	32	N.W.	38	N.W.	36	N.W.	35	67	A little ice and snow last night. Windy and light snow this even.	28.96	28.94	28.94	Ns.	—	Ns.	—	Ns.	—
9	31	N.W.	48	N.W.	44	N.W.	41	70	Frost last night—windy to-day	28.88	28.83	28.72	Fair	—	C,	—	Fair	—
10	38	S.E.	68	N.N.W.	55	N.N.W.	53	58	Windy	28.71	28.66	28.67	C,	—	C, Cml,	—	Ns.	—
11	35		56	E.S.E.	52	E.S.E.	47	53	Light sprinkles of rain to-day	28.88	28.88	28.96	Fair	—	Ns.	—	Ns.	W.N.W.
12	43	Calm	53	N.E.	49	Calm	48	54	Fresh breezes of wind all this day	29.21	29.20	29.23	Ns.	—	Cs,	N.W.	Cml,	—
13	28	Calm	57	S.E.	47	Calm	44	46	Frost last night	29.45	29.28	29.25	Fair	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
14	42	S.E.	70	S.E.	62	Calm	58	47		29.16	28.90	28.83	Fair	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
15	44	N.N.E.	58	N.N.E.	53	N.W.	51	52		28.69	28.64	28.65	C,	N.	Cml,	—	Cml,	—
16	30	N.W.	53	N.W.	42	W.	41	57	Frost last night	28.87	28.78	28.78	Fair	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
17	26	S.E.	59	E.S.E.	51	S.E.	45	49	Frost last night—water also froze in a vessel left out	28.90	28.75	28.75	Fair	—	C,	W.	C,	N.W.
18	43	N.N.W.	57	W.N.W.	53	W.N.W.	51	46	Windy	28.64	28.61	28.61	C,	N.W.	Cm,	N.W.	Ns,	N.W.
19	40	N.W.	53	N.W.	45	N.W.	46	46	High wind this day	28.76	28.76	28.76	Cm,	N.W.	Cm,	N.W.	Ns.	—
20	29	Calm	53	N.W.	45	W.N.W.	42	47	Hail last night	28.95	28.95	29.00	Cm,	—	Cm,	—	Cm.	—
21	28	Calm	49	S.E.	46	S.E.	41	48	Heavy frost last night	29.16	29.00	28.88	Cs,	N.W.	Cs,	N.W.	Fair	—
22	38	Calm	74	Variable	65	N.W.	59	42	High wind this afternoon. Fog on the river this morning	28.66	28.35	28.45	C,	N.W.	C,	—	Fair	—
23	40	N.W.		N.W.		N.W.		46	High winds	28.78			C,	—	C,	—	C,	—
24		N.W.		N.W.		N.W.		48	High winds				Cs.	—	C,	—	C,	—
25		S.S.W.		S.S.W.		S.S.W.		39	High winds				C,	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
26	29	Calm	56	S.E.	54	S.E.	46	42		28.92	28.88	28.90	C,	N.W.	C,	—	Fair	—
27	32	Calm	59	Calm	56	Calm	49	50		28.94	28.88	28.88	C,	N.W.	C,	N.W.	C	N.W.
28	32	Calm	68	S.S.W.	66	S.S.W.	55	53		28.96	28.73	28.67	Fair	—	Fair	—	Fair	—
29	39	Calm	61	N.	57	N.	51	52	Frost last night, smoky atmosphere to-day	28.83	28.74	28.69	—	—	—	—	—	—
30	31	Calm	52	S.E.	54	S.E.	45	52	Atmosphere filled with dense smoke	28.88	28.73	28.64	—	—	—	—	—	—
31	50	N.W.	77	N.W.	61	N.W.	62	43	Atmosphere filled with dense smoke	28.48	28.48	28.48	C,	N.W.	C,	N.W.	C,	N.W.

Remarkable Phenomena.—The Aurora Borealis appeared in N.N.E. at 8 o'clock on the evening of the 12th, near the horizon, and continued but a short time.

The atmosphere has been very thick with smoke during this month generally, occasioned by the burning of the prairies. This appearance has generally been near the horizon, but at some times, particularly in the latter part of the month, the whole of the sky has been obscured by smoke, bearing much resemblance in the morning, when there was little wind, to a thick fog.

6th—Fall of rain 3-16ths of an inch.