fair or unfair methods "to drive others from the field and to exclude

them from their right to trade." The proof was that, to destroy

competitors, prices had been temporarily reduced in various localities,

spies had been used on competitors' business, bogus independent

companies operated, and rebates given and taken.

In the case of the American Tobacco Company, there were more than one

hundred formerly competing companies united under the control of a

single organization and the market in nearly all tobacco products was

monopolized. This domination was secured "by methods devised in order to

monopolize the trade by driving competitors out of business."