The Early Norman Castles of the British Isles.

by Ella Sophia Armitage

Maud’s Castle.—Camden identified “Matildis castrum” with Colewent or Colwyn, but Professor Lloyd is of opinion that “a careful collation of the English and Welsh authorities for the events of the years 1198 and 1231 will make it clear that Payne’s Castle and Maud’s Castle are the same.” This of course does not affect what is said about Colwyn Castle in the text.

Montgomery.—Professor Lloyd deems that the emphasis laid (especially in the Charter Rolls, i., 101) on the fact that the building of Henry III.’s reign was New Montgomery, leaves no doubt that the former town and castle stood elsewhere, probably at Hên Domen. This, if true, would greatly strengthen my case, as Hên Domen is an admirable motte and bailey.

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[SCHEDULE OF ENGLISH CASTLES KNOWN TO DATE FROM THE ELEVENTH CENTURY][1207]

IN TOWNS

No.	Name of Castle.	Type.[1208]	Whole Area of Enceinte or Bailey.	Value.
1.	Arundel	M. and B., O.	Whole area 4½ acres	Risen.
2.	Bamborough	K. and B.	Whole area 4¾ acres	...
3.	Barnstaple	M. and B.	Bailey 1⅓ acres	Not given T. R. E.
4.	Bristol	M. and B., O.	Whole area nearly 4 acres	Not given T. R. E.
5.	Buckingham	M. and B.	?	Risen.
6.	Caerleon	M. and B., O.	Bailey 4¾ acres	Risen.
7.	Cambridge	M. and B.	Bailey 4¼ acres	Not given T. R. W.
8.	Canterbury (Dungeon Hill)	M. and B., O.	Whole area 3 acres	Risen.
9.	Carlisle	K. and B., O.	Whole area 4 acres	...
10.	Chester	M. and B., O.	First ward ¾ acre	Risen.
11.	Colchester	K. and B.	Inner ward and keep about 2 acres	Risen.
12.	Dover	K. and B.	Inner castle about 6 acres	Risen.
13.	Durham	M. and B., O.	Bailey 1 acre	...
14.	Ely	M. and B., O.	Bailey 2½ acres	Fallen, but rising.
15.	Exeter	B. only now	2 acres	...
16.	Gloucester	M. and B., O.	?	Risen.
17.	Hastings	M. and B., O.	?	Fallen, but rising.
18.	Hereford	M. and B.	Bailey 5½ acres	Risen.
19.	Huntingdon	M. and B., O.	Inner bailey 2½ acres	Stationary.
20.	Lewes	M. and B.	Bailey 3 acres	Risen.
21.	Lincoln	M. and B.	Bailey 5¾ acres	Risen.
22.	Monmouth	K. and B.	Bailey 1¾ acres	Not given T. R. E.
23.	Newcastle	M. and B., O.	Whole area 3 acres 1 rood	...
24.	Norwich	M. and B., O.	Inner bailey 3¼ acres	Risen.
25.	Nottingham	M. and B., O.	Bailey 1⅔ acres	Risen.
26.	Oxford	M. and B., O.	Bailey 3 acres	Risen.
27.	Pevensey	K. and B.	Bailey 1 acre	Risen.
28.	Quatford	M. and B., probably O.	Bailey 1 acre	...
29.	Rochester (Boley Hill)	M. and B., O.	Whole area about 3 acres	Risen.
30.	Old Sarum.	M. and B.	Inner ward 1¾ acres	Risen.
31.	Shrewsbury	M. and B., O.	Bailey ⅘ of an acre	Risen.
32.	Stafford	M. and B., O.	Bailey 1⅗ acres	Risen.
33.	Stamford	M. and B.	Bailey 1¾ acres	Risen.
34.	Tamworth	M. and B., probably O.	Bailey 1 acre	Not given.
35.	Totnes	M. and B., O.	Bailey ¾ of an acre	Risen.
36.	Tower of London	K. and B.	Originally?	Not given.
37.	Wallingford	M. and B.	Bailey 4½ acres	Risen.
38.	Warwick	M. and B., O.	Bailey 2½ acres	Risen.
39.	Winchester	M. and B., O.	Whole area 4½ acres	Not given.
40.	Worcester	M. and B., O.	Whole area between 3 and 4 acres	Risen.
41.	York	M. and B., O.	Whole area formerly about 3 acres	Risen.
42.	The Baile Hill, York	M. and B., O.	Whole area 2¾ acres	...

IN MANORS

No.	Name of Castle.	Type.	Head of District T. R. E.	Whole Area of Enceinte or Bailey.	Value.
43.	Abergavenny	M. and B.	?	Bailey 1 acre.	...
44.	Belvoir	M. and B.?	No	?	Risen.
45.	Berkeley or Ness	M. and B	Yes	Bailey 1½ acres	Risen.
46.	Berkhampstead	M. and B	Yes	Bailey 3 acres	Fallen.
47.	Bishop’s Stortford	M. and B	No	Bailey 2½ acres	Fallen.
48.	Bourn	M. and B.	Yes	Bailey 3 acres	Risen.
49.	Bramber	M. and B.	No	Bailey 3 acres	Risen.
50.	Carisbrooke	M. and B.	No	Bailey 2¾ acres	Risen.
51.	Castle Acre	M. and B.	No	Bailey 2 acres	Risen.
52.	Chepstow	K. and B.	No	Whole area 1⅔ acres	Risen.
53.	Clifford	M. and B.	No	Bailey 2⅓ acres	Risen.
54.	Clitheroe	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1 acre	Fallen.
55.	Corfe	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1½ acres	Risen.
56.	Dudley	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1¾ acres	Fallen.
57.	Dunster	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1¾ acres	Risen.
58.	Ewias	M. and B.	?	Bailey 2⅓ acres	Not given T. R. E.
59.	Eye	M. and B.	No	Bailey 2 acres	Risen.
60.	Launceston	M. and B.	No	Bailey 3 acres	Fallen.
61.	Montacute	M. and B.	No	?	Not given T. R. E.
62.	Morpeth	M. and B.	?	?	...
63.	Norham	M. and B.	?	Bailey 2 acres	...
64.	Okehampton	M. and B.	No	Bailey½ an acre	Risen.
65.	Oswestry	M. and B.	No	?	Risen.
66.	Peak Castle	K. and B.	No	Bailey 1 acre	Risen.
67.	Penwortham	M. and B.	No	?	Risen.
68.	Peterborough	Motte only now	?	?	...
69.	Pontefract	M. and B.	Probably	Bailey 2⅓ acres	Fallen.
70.	Preston Capes	M. and B.	No	...	Risen.
71.	Rayleigh	M. and B.	Yes	Bailey ¾ acre	Risen.
72.	Richard’s Castle	M. and B.	No	Bailey⅔ acre	Stationary.
73.	Richmond	K. and B.	No	Bailey 2½ acres	...
74.	Rockingham	M. and B.	No	First bailey 3 acres	Risen.
75.	Skipsea	M. and B.	No	Bailey 8¼ acres	Fallen.
76.	Stanton Holgate	M. and B.	No	...	Risen.
77.	Tickhill	M. and B.	No	Bailey 2 acres	Risen.
78.	Tonbridge	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1½ acres	Stationary.
79.	Trematon	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1 acre	Fallen.
80.	Tutbury	M. and B.	No	Bailey 2½ acres	Not given T. R. E.
81.	Tynemouth	?	?	?	...
82.	Wigmore	M. and B.	No	Bailey 1 acre	Risen.
83.	Windsor	M. and B.	No	Upper bailey 6½ acres	Fallen, but rising.
84.	Wisbeach	M. and B.	No	Whole area 4 acres	Fallen.