[4] See [Frontispiece].

[5] See [Fig. 1].

[6] For instance, at Berkeley, Ewias Harold, Yelden, and Tomen y Roddwy.

[7] As at Rayleigh and Downpatrick.

[8] In some of these castles there is no gap in the bailey banks for an entrance. They must have been entered by a movable wooden stair, such as horses can be taught to climb. See the plan of Topcliffe Castle, Yorks ([Fig. 1]).

[9] Vor Oldtid, p. 629.

[10] Entwickelung des Kriegswesens, iii., 379.

[11] See [Chapter VII].

[12] Primitive Folkmoots. See [Appendix A].

[13] Early Fortifications in Scotland, p. 13. He adds an instance showing that Moot Hill is sometimes a mistake for Moot Hall.