- (一) 啥人撥拉伊個?
- (二) 伊個爺撥拉伊個.
- (三) 第個要擔到屋裏去.
- (四) 帽子要戴拉頭上.
- (五) 鞋子要着拉脚上.
- (六) 衣裳要着拉身上.
- (七) 先生住拉城裏否?
- (八) 學生子要到學堂裏去.
- (九) 我叫細崽擺我個衣裳拉箱子裏.
- (十) 先生從外國到中國來.
- (十一) 先生叫小囡用心讀書.
- (十二) 勿要坐拉床上要坐拉椅子上.
- (十三) 書放拉檯子上.
- (十四) 朋友已經來過之佬去哉.
- (十五) 生梨是好吃個桃子也是好吃個.
- (十六) 第個小囝無爺娘個.
- (十七) 啥人拉學堂裏? 先生搭之學生子.
- (十八) 儂還要買啥否? 勿要.
(Translate into Chinese)
- (1) I placed the knives and the forks on the table.
- (2) Who lives in this house? Mr. Tsang.
- (3) The father and mother wish the child to study.
- (4) Do you live in the city or out of the city?
- (5) The cat is on the table.
- (6) Take it in your hand.
- (7) Keep it in mind (place it on your heart).
- (8) The heart is in the body.
- (9) That child has no shoes on his feet
- (10) That man has no hat on his head.
- (11) To whom do the cows and sheep belong?
- (12) When you have put on your clothes, come and eat.
- (13) The horse boy wishes to feed the horse also.
- (14) You and I are friends.
- (15) Have you ever been to foreign countries?
- (一) 刀叉我放拉檯子上.
- (二) 啥人住拉第個房子裏? 張先生.
- (三) 爺娘要第個小囡讀書.
- (四) 儂住拉城裏呢城外?
- (五) 貓拉檯子上.
- (六) 擔拉手裏.
- (七) 放拉心上.
- (八) 心拉拉身體裏.
- (九) 伊個小囝脚上無沒鞋子.
- (十) 伊個人頭上無末帽子.
- (十一) 牛佬羊是啥人個?
- (十二) 着好之衣裳佬來吃.
- (十三) 馬夫也要撥馬吃.
- (十四) 儂搭之我是朋友.
- (十五) 外國去過歇末.
Notes.
- （1) There are many different ways of saying “father” and “mother,” but these will have to be explained later.
- （2) Laung° is really the character °Zaung. It has the latter sound when used in the adverb “above,” which is °Zaung-deu, 上頭.
- （3) The seventh sentence of the first exercise is correct grammatically, but would not be used in polite speech. The usual way of asking a gentleman where he lives is to say Sien-sang °foo laung° la° °‘a-°li, 先生府上拉那裏.
- （4) In the eleventh sentence of the first exercise the expression yoong° sing means “to be diligent” or “to pay attention.”
- （5) In the second sentence of the second exercise Mr. Tsang is translated Tsang Sien-sang. Tsang is a common surname in Chinese. The Sien-sang follows the surname.
- （6) Doong (同) is generally used with ih-dau (一淘), Doong coming before the noun, and ih-dau after it. Thus °Ngoo doong °ngoo kuh bang-yeu ih-dau tau° °Zaung-°he chi°.
LESSON VIII
Potential and Subjunctive Moods, and some Interrogative Adverbs
“May” or “can” is expressed by °khau-°i (可以). Thus “I may or can eat” is °ngoo °khau-°i chuh (我可以吃). When physical ability is implied nung-keu° (能彀) is frequently used. Thus “I have the physical ability to do,” is °ngoo nung-keu° tsoo° (我能彀做). When acquired ability is to be expressed we° (會) is generally used. Thus: “I have the ability to speak Chinese” is °ngoo we° wo° Tsoong-kok wo° (我會話中國話).
The Subjunctive Mood is expressed exactly like the Indicative Mood except that some word meaning “If” is placed at the beginning of the clause, and that the particle meh (末) is generally placed at the end of the clause.