Lessons in the Shanghai Dialect - F. L. Hawks Pott

四季平安.
S° kyi° bing-oen.
May you have peace through the four seasons.

CHINESE-ENGLISH VOCABULARY

A
Ah, 押, to mortgage.
Ah, 鴨, a duck.
Ah-koo, 阿哥, an older brother.
Ah-theh, 押脫, to mortgage.
Ah-°tsi, 阿姐, an older sister.
An°, 晏, late.
‘Ang-°li, 行李, baggage.
An°-hyih-we°, 晏歇會, good-by.
Au°-°lau, 懊佬, to regret.
Auh, 惡, wicked.
Auh-tshauh, 齷齪, dirty.
‘A-°ts, 鞋子, shoes.
°‘A, 亦 or 也, also.
°‘A-°li, 那裏, which.
°‘A-°z, 亦是, also.
‘Ah, 狹, narrow.
‘Ah-°ts, 盒子, a small box.
‘An, 鹹, salt (adj.).
‘Au, 毫, 1⁄10 of a li (in currency).
‘Au-sau°, 豪燥, quickly.
°‘Au, 下, down.
°‘Au-deu, 下頭, below.
°‘Au-kuh-nyoeh, 下個月, next month.
°‘Au-le, 下來, to come down.
°‘Au-nyoeh, 下月, next month.
°‘Au-pen°-nyien, 下半年, last half of year.
°‘Au-pen°-nyih, 下半日, afternoon.
°‘Au-pen°-nyoeh, 下半月, last half month.
°‘An-pen°-ya°, 下半夜, last half night.
°Au-°ti, 下底, below.
°Au-°ti-deu, 下底頭, below.
°‘Au-zen, 下船, to go on board a ship.
‘Au°, 夏, summer.
‘Auh, 學, to learn.
‘Auh-daung, 下堂, school.
‘Auh-sang-°ts, 學生子, a scholar, a pupil.
‘Aung-dzing, 行情, price.
B
Ba, 排, to arrange in order.
°Ba-tse, 罷哉, (after verb), gives force of completed action.
°Ba-’veh-tuh, 罷弗得, indispensable.
Bak, 白, white.
Bak-bak-°li, 白白裏, useless, in vain.
Bak-me, 白煤, hard coal.
Bak-wo°, 白話, to converse.
Ban, 爿, a classifier for shops.
Ban°, 𨂝, to crawl.
Ban°, 辦, to direct, to attend to a matter.
Bang-°yeu, 朋友, a friend.
Bang°, 碰, to strike against.
Bang°-dzak, 捧着, to meet.
Bau, 跑, to run.
Bau-le-bau-chi°, 跑來跑去, to run about.
°Bau, 抱, to carry in the arms.
Bau°, 刨, a plane.
Baung-pien, 旁邊, by the side of.
°Baung, 棒, a cane, a stick.
Be, 陪, to accompany, to stay with a person.
Beh-siang°, 孛相, to play, to take recreation.
Ben°, 伴, to hide.
Ben°-°loong, 伴攏, to hide oneself.
Bi-zau°, 皮皂, soap.
°Bi-deu, 被頭, a quilt, a blanket.
°Bien-°ts, 辮子, a queue.
Bien°-taung°, 便當, convenient.
Bih, 別, other.
Bih-deu, 鼻頭, the nose.
Bing, 瓶, a bottle.
Bing, 平, level.
Bing-foong, 屏風, a screen.
Bing-°koo, 蘋果, an apple.
Bo, 爬, climb.
Bok, 薄, thin.
Boo°, 步, classifier of carriages.
Boo°, 部, classifier for sets of books.
Boo-sah, 菩薩, a Buddhist idol.
°Boo-°ts, 簿子, a small blank book.
Boong, 篷, a sail.
Boong-dzung, 塳塵, dust.
Bung-°ts, 盆子, a plate.
C
Cheu, 恘, bad.
°Chi, 起, to begin.
°Chi, 豈, an interrogative particle.
°Chi-deu, 起頭, the beginning.
°Chi-le, 起來, to arise; expresses action going on.
°Chi-lih, 起立, to stand up, standing.
Chi°, 去, to go.
Chi°-lih, 氣力, strength.
Chi°-tse, 去哉, good-by, gone.
Choen°, 勸, to exhort.
Choen°-°mien, 勸勉, to exhort.
Choen°-‘oo, 勸和, to exhort.
Chung, 輕, light (in weight).
Chung-chung-nung, 輕輕能, gently.
Chung-°dzoong, 輕重, weight.
Chuh, 吃, to eat.
Chuh-°khoo, 吃苦, to meet with misfortune.
Chuh-van°, 吃飯, eat a meal.
Chuh-van°-de-°ts, 吃飯檯子, a dining table.
Chuh-van°-kan, 吃飯間, a dining room.
D
Da°, 埭, classifier of rows of things.
Da°-i-zaung-kuh, 汏衣裳個, a washerman.
Da°-ka, 大家, together.
Da°-ke°, 大概, all in general, most.
Da°-liak, 大略, for the most part, generally.
Da°-°s-voo°, 大司務, the chief cook.
Da°-tshing-kok, 大清國, (Former name of) China.
Dan°, 蛋, an egg.
Dan°-°z, 但是, but.
Dau-nyung-ts, 道認之, to suppose; to think.
Dau-°ts, 桃子, a peach.
°Dau-za, 稻柴, a bundle of fuel.
°Dau, 稻, a plant of rice.
Dau°-°z, 道士, Taoist priest.
Daung, 糖, sugar.
De-°ts, 檯子, a table.
De°, 兌, to exchange a dollar into cash.
°De, 待, to deport oneself, to treat others.
°De-man°, 待慢, to treat rudely.
De°-thi°, 代替, instead of.
Deu, 頭, head, the chief, the first.
Deu-fah, 頭髮, hair on the head.
Deu-°ts, 骰子, dice.
Di, 啼, to crow.
°Di, 第, this, the, a series.
°Di-deu, 第頭, here.
°Di-°di, 弟弟, young brethern.
°Di-hyoong, 弟兄, brothers.
°Di-ih, 第一, the first.
°Di-kuh, 第個, this, these.
°Di-mien, 第面, the side, here.
°Di-yang, 第樣, this sort.
Di°, 地, the earth.
Di°-faung, 地方, place.
Di°-jeu, 地球, the earth.
Di°-°li-doo, 地理圖, a map, a chart.
Diau, 條, classifier for long, winding, or limber objects.
Diau°, 調, to exchange, to barter.
Diau°-bi, 調皮, tricky.
Dien, 甜, sweet.
Dih, 笛, a flute.
Dih-’veh-dzu°, 敵勿住, to unable to oppose.
Ding, 停, to stop.
Ding-ih-ding, 停一停, stop a minute.
Doen°-°ts, 緞子, a piece of satin.
Dok, 讀, to read.
Dok-su, 讀書, to study.
Dok-su-nyung, 讀書人, a scholar.
Dok-°z, 獨是, but, only.
Doo, 圖, a map, a chart.
Doo°, 大, large.
Doo°-°siau, 大小, size.
°Doong, 桶, classifier for tubes and buckets, a bucket.
Doong-‘oo, 銅壺, a copper kettle.
Doong, 銅, brass.
Doong, 同, with.
Doong-dien, 銅錢, a cash.
°Doong, 動, lift, to move, to excite.
°Doong, 動, to move a thing.
°Doong-°‘a-’veh-°doong, 動也勿動, immovable.
°Doong-°lau-°doong, 動佬動, loose, unstable.
°Doong-°seu, 動手, to commence work.
°Doong-sung, 動身, to start (on a journey).
Dung°, 鈍, dull.
Dzan-vaung, 棧房, a godown.
Dzan°, 賺, to gain or make a profit.
Dzan°-deu, 賺頭, profit in business.
Dzang, 長, long.
Dzang-bung-°ts, 長盆子, a dish.
Dzang-dzang, 常常, always.
Dzang-°toen, 長短, length.
Dzang-tsaung, 常莊, always.
Dzang-°yoen, 長遠, a long time.
Dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, a long time.
Dzang-°z, 常是, sometimes.
°Dzang, 丈, ten feet.
Dzau, 潮, tide.
Dzau-°s, 潮水, tide.
Dzaung°, 幢, classifier denoting things piled one on top of the other.
Dze-nga°, 在外, besides, in addition.
Dzeu, 綢, silk.
Dzeu°, 授, to hand, to deliver in person.
Dzien, 錢, 1⁄10 Of an ounce of silver.
Dzo, 茶, tea.
Dzo, 查, examine carefully.
Dzo-bung-°ts, 茶盆子, saucer.
Dzo-°khau, 查考, to examine carefully.
Dzo-kwen°, 茶館, a tea shop.
Dzo-‘oo, 茶壺, a teapot.
Dzo-yih, 茶葉, tea leaves.
Dzoe-bien°, 隨便, whichever.
Dzoe-bien°-°kyi-z, 隨便幾時, whatever time you please.
Dzoe-bien°-sa°, 隨便啥, whatever, no matter what.
Dzoong, 從, from.
°Dzoong, 重, heavy.
Dzu, 除, to take off (a hat).
Dzu-vaung, 厨房, a kitchen.
Dzu°, 住, to live.
Dzu°-la°, 住拉, to live.
Dzuh-tau°, 直到, until.
Dzung, 層, classifier for stories of a house or ladder.
Dzung, 城, a city.
Dzung-jeu°, 仍舊, still, yet.
Dzung-koong, 成功, to complete.
E
E°, 愛, to love.
En°, 暗, dark.
En°-en°-°li, 暗暗裏, secretly.
‘E°, 害, to injure.
‘Eh-thien-‘au°, 合天下, universal.
‘Eu-°ts, 兒子, a son.
‘Eu°, 候, after.
°‘Eu, 厚, thick.
°‘Eu-bok, 厚薄, thickness.
°‘Eu-deu, 後頭, behind.
°‘Eu-le, 後來, afterwards.
°‘Eu-nyih, 後日, day after to-morrow.
°‘Eu-°seu, 後首, afterwards.
°‘En-°ti, 後底, behind.
°‘Eu-°ti-deu, 後底頭, behind.
F
Fah-dze, 發財, to become rich.
Fah-kok, 法國, France.
Fan, 翻, to turn over.
Fan-°tsen-le, 翻轉來, to turn over.
Faung, 方, square.
Faung, 方, one hundred square feet.
Faung-tshak, 方尺, a square foot.
Faung°, 放, to place, let go.
Faung°-‘auh, 放學, to dismiss school.
Fi, 飛, to fly.
Fi-theh, 廢脫, to waste.
Fok, 幅, classifier for paintings or engravings.
Fok-chi°, 福氣, happiness.
Foo-tshi, 夫妻, husband and wife.
°Foo-deu, 斧頭, an ax.
Foo°, 付, to pay.
Foong, 封, classifier of letters and sealed parcels.
Foong, 風, wind.
Foong, 封, to seal officially, to seal, to exalt to a high position.
Fung, 分, a cent.
Fung, 分, to separate.
Fung, 分, 1⁄10 of an inch, 1⁄10 of a dzien.
Fung-khe, 分開, to separate.
Fung-bih, 分別, a difference; to distinguish.
°Fung, 粉, to plaster.
°Fung-pih, 粉壁, to plaster a wall.
H
Han-deu, 壗頭, place.
Han°, 喊, to call.
°Hau, 好, good, very, superlative.
°Hau-siau°, 好笑, laughable.
°Hau-tse, 好哉, completed action.
°Hau-tshu°, 好處, advantage, profit.
°Hau-°ziang, 好像, as if, like.
°Hoo, 火, fire.
°Hoo-dzak-tse, 火着哉, on fire.
°Hoo-khaung°, 火炕, a grate.
°Hoo-loo, 火爐, a stove.
°Hoo-lung-tsho, 火輪車, a railway engine.
°Hoo-lung-zen, 火輪船, a steam boat.
°Hoo-yak, 火藥, gunpowder.
Hoo°-suh, 貨色, merchandize.
°Hoo-yeu, 火油, kerosene.
Hoong, 烘, to bake.
Huh, 黑, black.
°Hwaung-°tshia, 况且, moreover.
Hwe°-ke, 悔改, to repent.
°Hwe-paung°, 毀謗, to slander.
Hweh-zen, 忽然, suddenly.
Hwen-°hyi, 歡喜, to like, to enjoy.
Hwo, 花, a flowering plant.
Hwo, 花, cotton, flower.
Hwo-ji, 花萁, cotton stalks.
Hwo-ji-kok, 花旗國, America.
Hwo-‘oong, 花紅, a crab apple.
Hwo-°ts, 花子, cotton seed.
Hwo-°tshau-zu°-mok, 花草樹木, vegetation in general.
Hwo-yoen, 花園, a garden.
°Hyau-tuh, 曉得, to know.
Hyi-ji, 希奇, to wonder, to be surprised.
Hyi°-siau°, 戲笑, to ridicule.
Hyih, 歇, to rest.
Hyih-ih-hyih, 歇一歇, to wait a little.
Hyih-khe-le, 揭開來, to open a box.
Hyoong, 凶, fierce.
Hyoong-°di, 兄弟, a young brother, brothers.
°Hyui, 許, to permit.
Hyuin, 燻, to roast (meat).
I
I-deu, 伊頭, there.
I-°hau, 醫好, to heal.
I-kuh, 伊個, that, those.
I-khwe°, 伊塊, there.
°I-kyung, 已經, already.
I-nyih-°ts, 伊日子, at that time.
I°-s°, 意思, thought, meaning.
I-sung, 醫生, a doctor.
°I-°‘eu, 以後, afterwards, hereafter.
°I-ts°, 以致, so that.
°I-tuh-koo°, 以得過, permissible and proper, leading to no embarrassment.
I°-’veh-koo°, 意勿過, unpermission, because very embarrassing.
I-yoen, 醫院, hospital.
I-zaung, 衣裳, a garment.
Iak-kwe, 約親, about.
Iak-tsak, 約着, about.
Iau°, 要, to want, to wish, will.
Iau°-°kyung-kuh, 要緊個, it is important.
Ien, 烟, tobacco.
Ien-me, 烟煤, soft coal.
Ien-tshoong, 烟囱, a chimney.
°Ien-seu, 演手, to make motions.
Ien°-°ts, 燕子, a swallow.
Ih, 一, a, one.
Ih-dau, 一淘, together, with.
Ih-ding°-iau°, 一定要, must.
Ih-fung, 一分, one cent.
Ih-kauh, 一角, ten cents.
Ih-ngan-’veh, 一顏勿, not at all.
Ih-pak, 一百, one hundred.
Ih-sang-ih-s°, 一生一世, all one’s life.
Ih-thaung, 一 [C3], one time.
Ih-we, 一回, one time.
Iuh-tshu°, 益處, advantage, profit.
Iui°-°ts, 椅子, a chair.
Iung, 鷹, a hawk.
Iung-°hyui, 應許, a promise.
Iung-ke, 應該, ought.
Inng-kok, 英國, England.
Iung-we°, 因爲, because.
J
Jang, 強, cheap.
Jang-dau°, 強盜, a robber.
Jau, 橋, a bridge.
Jau°-foo, 轎夫, a sedan chair coolie.
Jau°-don, 轎班, a sedan chair coolie.
Jau°-°ts, 轎子, a sedan chair.
Jeu, 求, to pray.
Jeu°, 舊, old.
Jeu°-nyien, 舊年, the last year.
Ji, 旗, a flag.
Jien, 掮, carry on the shoulder.
Jien°, 件, classifier of garments, baggage and affairs, an affair.
Juh, 極, forms superlative degree.
°Jui, 跽, to kneel.
°Jung, 近, near.
°Jung, 近, recently.
°Jung-z°-°ngan, 近視眼, near-sighted.
K
Ka, 街, a street.
Ka, 加, to add.
Ka-°hoo, 傢伙, furniture.
Ka-sang, 傢生, tools, implements.
Ka-°thien, 加添, to add.
°Ka, 假, false.
°Ka-seh, 解說, to explain.
Ka°, 鋸, to saw.
Ka°-dien, 價錢, price.
Kah-pih, 隔壁, next (juxtaposition).
Kan, 間, a room.
Kan-nyih-we°, 間日會, will see you in a day or two.
Kau, 高, high.
Kau-°ti, 高底, height.
Kau°, 教, to teach.
Kau°-hwo-°ts, 教花子, a beggar.
Kau°-soo°, 告訴, to tell, to narrate.
Kau°-z°, 告示, a proclamation.
Kauh, 角, a ten cent piece.
Kauh, 各, every.
Kauh-tau°-lauh-°tshu, 各到落處, everywhere.
Kauh-°tshu, 各處, everywhere.
Kaung, 扛, to carry (two men with bamboo pole).
°Kaung, 講, to expound, to explain.
°Kaung-ding°, 講定, to settle the price.
°Kaung-su, 講書, to preach.
Ke°-ts, 鋸子, a saw.
Keh-°lau, 蓋老, therefore.
Keh-ts, 鴿子, a pigeon.
°Keu, 狗, a dog.
Keu°-°z, 彀是, sufficient, enough.
Keu-°z-tse, 彀是哉, sufficient.
Kha, 揩, to wipe.
Kha-mien°-de-°ts, 揩面檯子, a washstand.
°Kha-weh, 快活, happy.
Kha-chi°, 客氣, politeness.
Khak-daung-kan, 客堂間, a guest room.
Khak-nyung, 客人, a guest, a visitor.
Khan, 鉛, lead.
Khan khan, 纔纔, just now, a little while ago.
Khan-pih, 鉛筆, a lead pencil.
Khau, 敲, to knock, strike.
°Khau-°i, 可以, can, may.
°Khau-su, 考書, to examine a class.
Khau°, 靠, to rely upon, to trust.
Khau°-thauh, 靠託, to rely upon, to trust.
Khaung°, 囥, to hide a thing.
Khaung°-°loong, 囥攏, to hide a thing.
Khe, 開, to open, open, opens.
Khe-‘auh, 開學, to open school.
Khe-dzang, 開塲, a beginning.
Khe-koong, 開工, to commence work.
Khe-le, 開來, to open wide.
Khe nyien, 開年, next year.
Khe-°s, 開水, boiling water.
Kheh-deu, 磕頭, to kowtow.
°Kheu, 口, classifier of furniture.
°Kheu, 口, a mouth.
Khoen°, 看, to see.
Khoen°-°hau, 看好, to heal.
Khoen°-kyien°, 看見, seen.
Khok, 哭, to cry.
Khoo, 棵, classifier of plants, trees, and flowers.
°Khoo, 苦, bitter.
°Khoo-°nau, 苦腦, misery.
Khoo°-°ts, 褲子, trousers.
Khoong-pho°, 恐怕, perhaps.
°Khung, 肯, to be willing.
Koeh, 割, to cut (with a sharp knife).
Koeh-°doen, 割斷, to cut in two.
Koen, 乾, dry.
Koen-mien°, 乾麵, flour.
Koen-po-nyung, 干巴人, a man or two.
Koen-zing°, 乾淨, clean.
°Koen, 趕, to drive away.
°Koen-theh, 趕脫, to drive away.
Koo, 鼓, a drum.
°Koo-z-kan, 古時間, antiquity, anciently.
Koo°, 過, to pass over.
Koo°-i, 故意, purposely.
Koo°-nyien, 過年, to pass from the old to the new year.
Koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, some past time.
Koo°-s°, 過世, to die.
Koo°-tse, 過哉, forms past tense.
Koong-dien, 工錢, wages.
Koong-foo, 功夫, time, work.
Koong-°hyi, 恭喜, to congratulate.
Koong-laung, 公郎, a son.
Koong-°tang, 攻打, to attack an enemy.
Koong-°tsoong, 共總, all.
Kuh, 个, or 個, of; sign of the genitive; a general classifier; a final particle.
Kung, 跟, to follow.
Kung, 根, a classifier denoting objects long and generally stiff.
Kung°-ka, 更加, still more.
Kwan, 關, to shut, shut.
Kwaung, 光, smooth, bright.
Kwe-°kyui, 規矩, custom, propriety.
°Kwen, 管, a classifier of tubular things.
Kwen, 官, a mandarin, a magistrate.
Kwen-°foo, 官府, a mandarin, a magistrate.
Kwen-wo°, 官話, mandarin dialect.
Kwen-ze, 棺材, a coffin.
Khwa°, 快, fast, sharp.
Khwa°-khwa°, 快快, quickly.
Khwa°-tse, 快哉, about to do a thing.
Khwan, 筷, chop-sticks.
Khwe°, 塊, a piece, a slice.
Khweh, 闊, broad.
Khweh-‘ah, 闊狹, breadth.
Khwen-°‘eu, 寬厚, to forgive.
Khwen-yoong, 寬容, to forgive.
°Khwung, 梱, a classifier denoting bundles of things.
Khwung°, 睏, to sleep.
°Kwung, 滾, to boil.
°Kwung, 滾, to roll.
°Kwung-‘au°-chi°, 滾下去, to roll.
Kya-dz, 家慈, a mother.
Kya-°moo, 家母, mother.
Kya-nyien, 家嚴, father.
Kya-°voo, 家父, father.
Kyak, 脚, a foot.
Kyak-tsih-deu, 脚指頭, a toe.
Kyau-kwan, 交關, a great many.
Kyau°, 叫, to call.
°Kyeu, 九, nine.
°Kyeu-seh, 九十, ninety.
Kyeu°, 救, to save.
Kyi, 鷄, a fowl.
Kyi-dan°-kau, 鷄蛋糕, a sponge cake.
°Kyi, 幾, how many?
°Kyi-hau°, 幾化, how many
°Kyi -‘oo, 幾乎, on the point of.
°Kyi-z, 幾時, when?
Kyi°, 記, remember.
Kyi°, 寄, to send a letter.
Kyi°, 季, season.
Kyi°-‘au°, 記號, signs or marks.
Kyi°-tuh, 記得, to remember.
Kyi°-zen-zeh-ke, 既然實該, if that be so.
Kyoeh-°ts, 橘子an orange.
Kyui°, 貴, dear (in price).
Kyui° seh-wo°, 句說話, a sentence.
Kyung, 斤, a catty.
Kyung-loo, 金鑼, a gong.
Kyung-nyien, 今年, this year.
Kyung-°seu, 經手, to manage.
Kyung-°ts, 金子, gold.
Kyung-tsau, 今朝, to-day.
Kyung°-°ts, 鏡子, a mirror.
L
La°, 拉, at, in, on, to, sign of past tense.
Lah-tsok, 蠟燭, a candle.
Lan, 籃, a basket.
Lan, 藍, blue.
°Lan-°doo, 懶惰, a lazy.
°Lan-phok, 懶怕, lazy.
°Lang, 冷, cold.
°Lang-nyih, 冷熱, temperature.
°Lang-siau°, 冷笑, to ridicule.
Lau, 牢, firm.
°Lau-zeh, 老實, honest.
°Lau, 佬, and.
°Lau, 老, old, venerable.
°Lau-au, 老鴉, a crow.
°Lau-dzoong, 老蟲, a rat.
°Lau-°hoo, 老虎, a tiger.
°Lau-iung, 老鷹, a hawk.
°Lau-nyung-ka, 老人家, a father.
°Lau-°ts, 老鼠, a rat.
Lauh, 落, to fall.
Lauh-°s, 落水, tide going out.
Lauh-°yui, 落雨, to rain.
Laung-deu, 榔頭, a hammer.
Laung-tsoong, 郞中, doctor.
Laung°, 上, above, upon (used after a noun).
Le, 來, to come.
Le-chi°, 來去, going back and forth.
Le-nyien, 來年, next year.
Le-°si, 來死, used in forming the superlative.
Le-tuh-ji°, 來得及, there is time.
Le-’veh-ji°, 來勿及, there is not time.
Le-°’waung, 來往, intercourse.
Leh-la°, 垃拉, there, in, on, sign of past tense.
Leh-°li, 垃裏, here, sign of present tense.
Leu, 樓, a two-storied house.
Leu-vaung, 樓房, a two-storied house.
Leu, 漏, to leak.
Li, 釐, a li (in currency).
Li-khe, 離開, to forsake, desert, depart from.
°Li, 里, a Chinese mile.
°Li, 裏, in (used after noun).
°Li-hyang°, 裏向, in (used after noun).
°Li-loo°, 里路, a Chinese mile.
°Li-pa°, 禮拜, a week.
°Li-pa°-daung, 禮拜堂, a church.
°Li-pa°-ih, 禮拜一, Monday.
°Li-pa°-lok, 禮拜六, Saturday.
°Li-pa°-°ng, 禮拜五, Friday.
°Li-pa°-nyi°, 禮拜二, Tuesday.
°Li-pa°-nyih, 禮拜日, Sunday.
°Li-pa°-s°, 禮拜四, Thursday.
°Li-pa°-san, 禮拜三, Wednesday.
Liang, 量, to measure.
°Liang, 兩, two.
°Liang, 兩, an ounce.
°Liang-kauh, 兩角, twenty cents.
°Liang-thaung, 兩 [C3], two times, twice.
°Liang-we, 兩回, two times, twice.
Liang°, 亮, light (opposite of dark).
lih, 立, to stand up.
Lih-ding°, 立定, to stand still.
Lih-ding°-°tsu-i°, 立定主意, to decide.
Lih-khuh, 立刻, instantaneous.
Ling, 拎, to carry a load in one hand.
Ling, 紉, to sew, to stitch.
Ling-ih-tsung, 紉一針, to take a stitch.
Ling-sak, 淋濕, to get wet.
Ling-°so, 鄰舍, a neighbor.
°Ling, 領, to lead.
Ling°-daung, 令堂, a mother.
Ling°-e°, 令嬡, a daughter.
Ling°-laung, 令郞, a son.
Ling-nga°, 另外, besides, in addition.
Ling°-tsung, 令尊, a father.
Lok, 六, six.
Lok, 䟿, to get up.
Lok, 綠, green.
Lok, 鹿, a deer.
Lok-seh, 六十, sixty.
Lok-tsen, 䃙磚, a brick.
Loo°, 路, a road.
Loong, 龍, a dragon.
°Loong-°tsoong, 攏總, all.
Loong°, 弄, to attend to a thing, to make it right.
Loong°-°hau, 弄好, to attend to a thing, to make it right.
Loong°-khe-°hoo-lo, 弄開火來, to set a house on fire.
M
M-meh, 無沒, not any.
M-sa°, 無啥, not any.
M-sa°-nyung, 無啥人, no one.
°M, 畝, a mow.
°Ma, 買, to buy.
°Ma-ban°, 買辦, a compradore.
°Ma-ma°, 買賣, business.
Ma°, 賣, to sell.
°’Ma-theh, 賣脫, to sell.
Mah, 襪, socks, stockings.
Mak, 麥, a plant of wheat.
Man°, 慢, slow.
Man°, 萬, ten thousand.
Man°-chi°, 慢去, good-by.
Man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, slowly, gently.
Man°-man°-ts-°tseu, 慢慢之走, walk slowly.
’Man, 蠻, very.
Mau, 毛, nearly.
Mau, 毛, rough.
Mau, 貓, a cat.
Mau-bing°, 毛病, illness.
Mau-san-°li-loo°, 毛三里路, nearly three miles.
Mau-tsen, 毛氈, a carpet.
Mau°-°ts, 帽子, a hat, cap.
Maung°, 望, to desire, to expect.
Maung°, 望, to visit, to pay respects to.
Maung°-deu, 望頭, hope.
Maung°-kyi°, 忘記, to forget.
Me, 煤, coal.
°’Me, 每, each.
°Me-kok, 美國, America.
°’Me-nyien, 每年, every year.
°’Me-nyoeh, 每月, every month.
Me°-me°, 妹妹, a younger sister.
Meh, 末, at last, end, interrogative particle, a negative, a conditional particle.
Meh-z°, 物事, an affair (concrete), a thing.
Men-deu, 饅頭, bread.
°Mi, 米, rice (bought in shop).
Miau°, 廟, a temple.
Mien-hwo, 棉花, cotton.
Mien°, 面, classifier of flat objects.
Mien° bung, 面盆, a washbowl.
Mien°-°khoong, 面孔, a face.
Ming-bak, 明白, to understand.
Ming-nyien, 明年, next year.
Ming-tsau, 明朝, to-morrow.
Ming-vung°, 名分, duty.
Mo-tshiak, 麻雀, a sparrow.
Mo-tsiang, 麻 [C2] a sparrow.
°Mo, 馬, a horse.
°Mo-deu, 碼頭, a jetty.
°Mo-foo, 馬夫, a coachman.
°Mo-tsho, 馬車, a carriage.
Mok, 摸, to feel, to touch.
Mok-deu, 木頭, wood, lumber.
Mok-ziang, 木匠, a carpenter.
Moo, 磨, to sharpen.
°Moo-tshing, 母親, a mother.
Muh, 墨, ink.
Muh-°s, 墨水, foreign ink.
Mung, 門, a door.
Mung-°kheu, 門口, doorway.
Mung-°kheu-deau, 門口頭, a doorway.
Mung-°ts, 蚊子, a mosquito.
Mung°, 問, to ask.
N
°Na-nung, 那能, how.
°Na-yeu, 奶油, butter.
Na°, 㑚, you, ye.
Na°-kuh, 㑚個, your, yours.
Nan, 難, difficult.
Nan-meh, 難末, then.
Nan-we-dzing, 難爲情, to regret, to be placed in an embarrassing position.
Nau, 拿, to take.
Nau-ehi°, 拿去, to take away.
Nau-le, 拿來, to bring here.
Nau-theh, 拿脫, to take off.
Nen, 南, south.
Nen, 男, male.
°Ng, 五, five.
°Ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顔六色, variegated colours.
°Ng-seh, 五十, fifty.
Nga°, 外, out.
Nga°-deu, 外頭, out, outside.
Nga°-kok, 外國, foreign.
Nga°-kok-nyung, 外國人, a foreigner.
Ngan-suh, 顏色, colour.
°Ngan-kyung°, 眼鏡, spectacles.
°Ngan-tsing, 眼晴, an eye.
Ngang°, 硬, hard.
°Ngau, 咬, to bite, to bark.
Nge°-sa°-va°, 碍啥否, is it important?
Ngeh-°ts, 杌子, a stool.
°Ngeu-zen, 偶然, by chance.
Ngoo, 鵝, a goose.
Ngoo-kok, 俄國, Russia.
Ngoo-kok-nyung, 俄國人, Russians.
°Ngoo, 我, I, me.
°Ngoo-han-deu, 我壗頭, my place.
°Ngoo-kuh, 我個, mine, my.
°Ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, we, us.
°Ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個, ours, our.
°Noen, 暖, warm.
Noen°, 囡, daughter.
Noong°, 儂, thou, thee, you.
Noong°-kuh, 儂個, they, thine, yours.
Nung-keu°, 能彀, can, may.
Nung-koen°, 能幹, ability, power.
Nyah, 捻, to take bold of, to grasp.
Nyan°, 念 or 廿, twenty.
Nyan°-kyung, 念經, perform funeral ceremonies.
Nyang, 娘, mother.
Nyang°, 讓, to allow.
Nyau-so°, 饒赦, to forgive.
Nyeu, 牛, a cow.
Nyeu-°na, 牛奶, milk.
°Nyeu-°ts, 鈕子, a button.
Nyi, 呢, interrogative particle.
°Nyi-kwaung, 耳光, face (cheek).
Nyi-koo, 尼姑, nun.
Nyi-°s-ziang°, 泥水匠, a mason.
Nyi-°ts, 兒子, a son.
°Nyi-°too, 耳朵, the ear.
Nyi°, 伲, we, us.
Nyi°, 二, two.
Nyi°-kuh, 伲個, ours, our.
Nyi° seh, 二十, twenty.
Nyien, 年, a year.
Nyien-deu-laung°, 年頭上, the beginning of the year.
Nyien-nyien, 年年, every year.
Nyien-°ti, 年底, the end of the year.
Nyien-tshoo-ih, 年初一, New Year’s day.
Nyien-ya°, 年夜, the end of the year.
Nyien°-de, 硯台, a Chinese ink tablet.
Nyien°-°ts, 硯子, a Chinese ink tablet.
Nyih, 日, a day, the sun.
Nyih, 熱, hot.
Nyih-dzok, 日昨, daily.
Nyih-nyih, 日日, daily.
Nyih-tsoong°, 日中, noon, in the middle of the day.
Nyoeh, 月, a month, a moon.
Nyoeh-deu, 月頭, first part of a month.
Nyoeh-deu-laung°, 月頭上, first part of a month.
Nyoeh-liang°, 月亮, the moon.
Nyoeh-nyoeh, 月月, every month.
Nyoeh-pen°, 月半, the middle of the month.
Nyoeh-°ti, 月底, the end of a month.
°Nyoen, 軟, soft.
Nyoen-liang°, 原諒, to forgive.
Nyok, 肉, meat.
°Nyui-nyung, 女人, a woman.
Nyung, 人, man.
Nyung-’aung, 銀行, a bank.
Nyung-deu, 人頭, a postage stamp.
Nyung°-tsih, 迎接, to welcome.
Nyung-°ts, 銀子, silver.
Nyung°-tuh, 認得, to know a person.
O
Oen-we°, 安慰, to comfort.
Ok-°li, 屋裏, home.
‘Ok-tse, 或着, either, or.
‘Ok-°z, 或是, either, or.
‘Oh-hwaung, 何况, how much more?
‘Oo-zaung°, 和尙, a Buddhist priest.
‘Oo, 壺, a kettle.
‘Oo, 河, river.
‘Oo-dih, 蝴蝶, a butterfly.
‘Oo-li, 狐狸, a fox.
‘Oong, 紅, red.
P
Pa, 擺, to place.
Pa°, 拜, to worship.
Pa°-khak, 拜客, to pay a ceremonial visit.
Pa°-maung°, 拜望, to visit, to pay respects to.
Pah, 八, eight.
Pah-seh, 八十, eighty.
Pak, 百, a hundred.
Pak-pak, 伯伯, father.
Pak-po, 百巴, about a hundred.
Pan, 班, a class (in school).
°Pan, 板, a board.
Pang, 浜, a canal, a creek.
Pau, 包, a bale, classifier of bales of things.
°Pau-pe°, 寶貝, precious.
°Paung, 綁, to tie up, to bind with a cord.
Pe-°ts, 杯子, a cup.
Pe°, 背, to carry on the back.
Pe°, 背, to back a book, to recite a lesson.
Peh, 撥, to give.
Peh, 撥, used to form passive.
Pen, 搬, to remove (a residence).
Pen-dzang, 搬塲, to remove (a residence).
Pen°, 半, half.
Pan°-kwhe°-yang-dien, 半塊洋錢, a half of a dollar.
Pen°-nyien, 半年, half a year.
Pen°-ya°-po, 半夜巴, about midnight.
Phau°, 炮, a cannon.
Phau°-de, 炮台, a fort, a battery.
Phi-bing, 批評, to criticize, criticism.
Phi-thah, 批搨, to criticize, criticism.
Phih, 劈, to split.
Phih, 疋, a classifier of whole pieces of dry goods.
Phih, 匹, classifier of horses.
Pho°, 怕, ugly.
Phoo°-ke, 鋪蓋, bedding.
°Phoo-thien-‘au°, 普天下, universal.
°Pi, 比, to compare.
°Pi-faung, 比方, for instance, an illustration.
°Pi-ts, 比之 it to compare.
°Piau, 錶, a watch.
Pien-deu, 邊頭, by the side of.
Pih, 筆, a pen.
Pih, 必, certain.
Pih-ding-iau°, 必定要, must.
Pih-koo°, 不過, only.
Ping-ting, 兵丁, a soldier.
°Ping-°tshia, 幷且, moreover.
Po-maung°, 把望, to desire, to expect, to hope.
Po, 巴, about.
°Po, 把, classifier of tools and articles grasped in the hand.
Pok, 北, north.
Pok-pien, 北邊, north.
Poo-li, 玻璃, glass.
Poo-li-pe-°ts, 玻璃杯子, a tumbler, a glass.
Poo°, 布, cloth.
°Pung, 本, classifier of books.
°Pung-di°, 本地, native.
°Pung-di°-nyung, 本地人, a native.
°Pung-le, 本來, originally.
R
R-°tshia, 而且, moreover.
S
°S, 水, water.
°S-nyeu, 水牛, a water buffalo.
S°, 使, to cause.
S°, 四, four.
S°-kyi°, 四季, the four seasons.
S°-seh, 四十, forty.
Sa-doo, 弛瘏, tired.
Sa, 啥, who? what? any? interrogative particle.
Sa°-‘aung-dzing, 啥行情, how much is it? what is the price?
Sa°-di°-faung, 啥地方, where?
Sa°-dzang-hau°, 啥場化, where?
Sa°-ka°-dien, 啥價錢, how much is it?
Sa°-nyung, 啥人, who?
°Sa-°‘oo-daung, 啥戶蕩, where?
Sah, 殺, to kill.
Sah-theh, 殺脫, to kill.
Sak, 閂, the bolt or bar of a door.
Sak, 濕, wet.
San, 三, three.
San, 山, a mountain, a hill.
San-dzung-leu, 三層樓, a three-storied house.
San-seh, 三十, thirty.
San-yang, 山羊, a goat.
San°, 傘, an umbrella.
San°-khe, 散開, to scatter wide cast.
San°-sing, 散心, to relax the mind.
Sang, 生, to light (a fire), to beget.
Sang, 生, unripe, raw.
Sang-bing°, 生病, to become ill.
Sang-i°, 生意, business.
Sang-li, 生梨, a pear.
Sang°-yang, 生養, to beget, to nourish.
°Sang, 省, to save, to be economical.
°Sang-koong-foo, 省工夫, to save time.
°Sang-ts, 省之, lest.
Sau, 燒, to burn, to cook.
Sau-van°-kan, 燒飯間, a kitchen.
Sau-van°-kuh, 燒飯個, a cook.
°Sau, 少, few.
°Sau-°tseu, 掃箒, a broom.
Saung, 雙, classifier for pairs of things.
Saung, 傷, to waste, to be exhausted.
Saung-liang, 商量, to consult.
Se°, 碎, to smash.
Seh, 失, to lose, to forfeit.
Seh, 刷, to brush.
Seh-theh, 失脫, to lose, to forfeit.
Seh-wo°, 說話, words.
Sen, 閂, to bar or bolt a door.
Sen°, 扇, classifier for broad objects.
Sen°-°ts, 扇子, a fan.
Seu, 收, to collect.
Seu-diau, 收條, a receipt.
Seu-kan, 收監, to be imprisoned.
Seu-phiau°, 收票, a receipt.
Seu-tsang°, 收帳, to collect accounts.
Sen-tsoo, 收租, to receive payment for a lease.
°Seu, 守, to keep, to observe.
°Seu, 手, a hand.
°Seu-kyung, 手巾, a towel.
Seu°, 瘦, thin, lean.
Si, 西, west.
Si-nen, 西南, southwest.
Si-pien, 西邊, west.
Si-pok, 西北, northwest.
°Si, 死, to die.
Si-theh, 死脫, to die.
Si°-tse°, 西崽, a table boy.
°Sia, 寫, to write.
°Sia-z°-de, 寫字檯, an office desk.
°Sia-z°-de-°ts, 寫字檯子, an office desk.
°Sia-z°-kan, 寫字間, an office.
Siang, 箱, classifier for boxes of things.
Siang-e°, 相愛, to love reciprocally.
Siang-lien, 相連, to be connected together.
Siang-mo°, 想駡, to quarrel.
Siang-paung, 相幫, to help one another.
Siang-sing°, 相信, to believe.
Siang-°tang, 相打, to fight one another.
Siang-°ts, 箱子, a trunk, a large box.
°Siang, 想, to think.
°Siang-’veh-tau°, 想勿到, inconceivable.
°Siau, 小, small.
°Siau-kauh-°ts, 小角子, small money.
°Siau-noen, 小囝, a child.
°Siau-sing, 小心, to take care.
°Siau-tsho, 小車, wheelbarrow.
°Siau-tshe°, 小菜, vegetables, dishes of food on table.
°Siau-tsia, 小姐, an unmarried woman.
°Siau-yang-dien, 小洋錢, small money.
Siau°, 笑, to laugh.
Siau°-sah-tse, 笑殺哉, very laughable.
Sien, 先, first.
Sien-sang, 先生, a teacher.
Sieu, 修, to repair.
Sieu-°li, 修理, repairs.
Sieu-tsauh, 修作, to repair.
Sih, 錫, tin.
Sing, 新, new.
Sing, 心, the heart.
Sing, 星, a star.
Sing-foong°, 薪俸, salary.
Sing-nyien, 新年, the new year.
Sing-sien, 新鮮, fresh.
Sing-°soe, 薪水, salary.
Sing-vung-°ts, 新聞紙, a newspaper.
Sing°, 信, a letter.
Sing°-°foong, 信封, an envelope.
Sing°-jok, 信局 post office (foreign).
Sing°-khauh, 信殼, an envelope.
Sing°-ming°, 性命, a life.
Sing°-sih, 信息, news.
°So-°ng, 十五, fifteen.
Soe-°z, 雖是, although.
Soe-zen, 雖然, although.
Soen°, 算, to reckon.
Sok-sieu, 束修, salary.
Soo-tseu, 蘇州, Soochow.
°Soo, 鑕, a lock.
°Soo, 所, relative pronoun—who, which, what.
°Soo, 鎖, to lock.
°Soo, 數, to count.
°Soo-°i, 所以, therefore.
Soong-°su, 松鼠, a squirrel.
Soong°, 送, to present, send, to escort a person on the way.
Su, 書, a book.
Su-dzu, 書厨, a bookcase.
Su-sing°-°kwen, 書信管, post office (foreign).
Su-°tsang, 輸張, to nurse.
Su-vaung, 書房, a study.
Su-yoen°, 書院, a college.
Suh, 識, to know a Chinese character.
Suh-i°, 適意, comfortable.
Sung, 深, deep.
Sung-°thi, 身體, the body.
Sung-°tshien, 深淺, depth.
T
Ta-z-tse, 多時哉, a long time.
Ta°, 戴, to wear (a hat).
Ta°-chi°, 帶去, to take away with you.
Ta°-le, 帶來, to bring with you.
Tah, 搭, with.
Tah-ts, 搭之, and.
Tan, 擔, to take.
Tan-°bi, 單被, a sheet.
Tan-chi°, 擔去, to take away.
Tan-le, 擔來, to bring here.
Tan-theh, 擔脫, to take away.
Tan°, 擔, a picul.
°Tang, 打, to strike.
°Tang-ba°, 打敗, to suffer a defeat.
°Tang-ba°-tsang°, 打敗仗, to suffer a defeat.
°Tang-°bang, 打棚, to fool with another.
°Tang-fan, 打翻, to upset (water).
°Tang-kwen-s, 打官司, to prosecute at law.
°Tang-lah, 打𦡳, to hunt.
°Tang-lih, 打獵, to hunt.
°Tang-pan°, 打扮, to dress in a showy manner.
°Tang-sah, 打殺, to kill by a blow.
°Tang-saung, 打傷, to wound.
°Tang-se°, 打碎, to smash, to break.
°Tang-soen°, 打算, to consider.
°Tang-su, 打輸, to suffer a defeat.
°Tang-sung°-tsang°, 打勝仗, to gain a victory.
°Tang-thing, 打聽, to make inquiries.
°Tang-tsang°, 打仗, to fight a battle.
°Tang-wa°, 打壞, to injure by striking.
°Tang-yung, 打臝, to gain a victory.
Tau, 刀, knife.
°Tau, 倒, on the contrary, on the other hand.
Tau°, 到, to, to arrive.
°Tau-kau°, 禱告, to offer prayer.
Taung-tsoong, 當中, among.
Taung-sing, 當心, to take care.
Taung°, 當, to pawn.
Taung°-theh, 當脫, to pawn.
Te, 堆, classifier for piles of things.
Te°, 對, classifier of a brace, a pair.
Te°, 對, to.
Teu°-ba, 鬭牌, to gamble (with dominoes).
Thah, 塔, a pagoda.
Thah-°ping, 𩝣餅, a biscuit.
Than-khe-le, 攤開來, to unroll.
Than-°tshoong, 坍寵, shameful.
Than°, 炭, charcoal.
°Thau, 討, to beg.
°Thau-nyang-°ts, 討娘子, to marry a wife.
°Thau-vah°-kun, 討飯個, a beggar.
Thauh, 託, to rely upon, to entrust.
Thaung, 湯, soup.
°Thaung-s°, 倘使, if.
°Thaung-zen, 倘然, if.
Thaung°, 燙, to iron, to burn, to scald.
The°, 退, to reject.
The°-theh, 退脫, to reject.
Theh, 脫, after verb a sign of completed action.
Theu, 偷, to steal.
Theu-ben°-ts, 偷伴之, secretly.
Thi°, 替, instead of.
Thiau, 挑, to carry (a load suspended from ends of a pole).
Thiau°, 跳, to jump, to leap.
Thien, 天, heaven, a day.
Thien-bing, 天平, scales.
Thien-liang°-khwa°, 天亮快, just before daybreak.
Thien-°tsu, 天主, The Heavenly Lord.
Thih, 鐵, iron.
Thih-tsau°, 鐵竈, a cooking stove (foreign).
Thih-°tsung, 貼准, on the point of (doing a thing).
Thing, 聼, to hear.
Thing-kyien°, 聽見, heard.
Thoeh, 脫, to take off.
Thoeh-theh, 脫脫, to take off.
Thok, 秃, all.
Thoo°-°ts, 兔子, a hare.
Thoong°, 痛, pain.
Thuh, 忒, for (for a person).
Thuh, 忒, too (excess).
°Ti, 底, low.
°Ti-°‘au, 底下, under, beneath.
Tia-tia, 爹爹, father.
°Tiau, 窵, a bird.
°Tien, 點, to point with the hand.
°Tien, 點, a small quantity of (after verb).
°Tien, 點, to light (a candle).
°Tien, 點, sign of comparative degree.
°Tien-tsoong, 點鐘, an hour.
Tien°, 店, a shop.
Tih, 跌, to fall.
Ting, 叮, to sting.
°Ting, 頂, sign of superlative degree.
°Toen, 短, short
Too, 多, many, much.
Too-hau°, 多化, many, much.
Too-°sau, 多少, quantity.
Too-°taung-sing, 多當心, take much care.
°Too, 賭, to gamble.
Toong, 東, east.
Toong, 冬, winter.
Toong-ka, 東家, master.
Toong-nen, 東南, southeast.
Toong-pien, 東邊, east.
Toong-pok, 東北, northeast.
Toong-yang-nyung, 東洋人, Japanese.
Toong-yang-tsho, 東洋車, a ricksha.
°Toong, 懂, to understand.
Ts-loo, 猪獹, a pig, a hog.
Ts-°na, 支那, China.
°Ts, 紙, a sheet of paper.
°Ts-deu, 紙頭, a sheet of paper.
°Ts-si°, 仔細, carefully.
°Ts-°tien, 指點, to point (with the hand).
Tsah, 扎, to tie (as a small bundle).
Tsak, 着, to wear.
Tsak, 隻, classifier of animals, birds, bugs, boats, furniture on legs, etc.
Tsan, 斬, to cut (with sword, ax, or heavy knife).
Tsang, 張, classifier for sheets of things.
Tsang, 賬, an account.
Tsang°, 漲, to rise (as the tide).
Tsang°-°boo, 賬簿, an account book.
Tsang°-°s, 漲水, a rising tide.
Tsang°-°vaung-kan, 賬房間, shroff’s room.
°Tsau, 早, early.
°Tsau-deu, 找頭, change.
°Tsau-zung-deu, 早晨頭, early in the morning.
Tsau°, 照, according to.
Tsau°-deu, 灶頭, a Chinese cooking stove.
Tsau°-kan, 灶間, a kitchen.
Tsau°-°ngoo, 照我, follow my example.
Tsau°-°ngoo-khoen°, 照我看, as it seems to me.
Tsauh, 捉, to catch, to seize; to arrest.
Tsaung, 樁, piles (as driven in ground).
Tsaung°, 壯, fat (person).
Tse, 哉, final article denoting completed action.
Tse°, 再, again.
Tse°-we°, 再會, good-by, an revoir.
°Tsen-chi°, 轉去, to return to a place.
°Tsen-le, 轉來, to return from a place.
°Tseu, 走, to walk.
Tsh, 吹 to blow.
Tsh-°iung, 吹隱, to blow out, to extinguish.
Tsh-yaung°, 吹旺, to blow into a blaze.
°Tsh-di°, 此地, here.
Tsha, 差, to send (person), to cause.
°Tsha, 扯, to hoist (as a sail).
Tshak°, 尺, a foot (10 inches).
Tshau, 匙, a spoon.
°Tshau, 草, grass.
Tshaung, 窗, a window.
°Tshe, 採, to gather (as fruit).
Tshe°, 菜, vegetable.
Tsheh-chi°, 出去, to go out.
Tsheh-ka°, 出嫁, to marry (a husband).
Tsheh-kau°-z°, 出告示, to put forth a proclamation.
Tsheh-le, 出來, to come out.
Tsheh-tien°, 出店, a coolie.
Tshen, 穿, to string (as cash).
Tshen-°yung-sien°, 穿引線, to thread a needle.
Tsheu-deu, 抽頭, a chest of drawers.
Tsheu-thi°, 抽屜, a drawer (of a table).
Tshi°, 砌, to build a wall.
Tshi°-ziang, 砌牆, to build a wall.
Tshi°-pih, 砌壁, to build a partition.
Tshi°-ka, 砌街, to mend a path.
°Tshiang, 搶, to take by force.
°Tshiang-doeh, 搶奪, to take by force.
Tshien, 千, a thousand.
Tshien-kyung, 千金, a daughter.
Tshien, 淺, shallow.
Tshieu, 秋, autumn.
Tshih, 七, seven.
Tshih-khe, 切開, to cut open.
Tshih-khe-le, 切開來, to cut open.
Tshih-seh, 七十, seventy.
Tshih-ziang°, 漆匠, a painter.
Tshing, 清, clear.
Tshing-kyoen°, 親眷, a relative (family).
Tshing-°saung, 清爽, clear, distinct.
°Tshing, 請, to invite, please.
Tsho, 叉, fork.
Tsho, 錯, mistake, not correct.
Tsho-foo, 車夫, ricksha coolie.
Tsho-°ts, 車子, a wheelbarrow.
Tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, about same, not much difference.
Tshoo-ih, 初一, the first day of the month.
Tshoo-si°, 粗細, texture.
Tshoo°-tau, 銼刀, a file.
Tshoong-ming, 聰明, clever, wise.
Tshui°, 趣, pretty.
Tshung, 春, spring.
Tshung, 稱, to weigh.
Tshung°, 寸, an inch.
°Tsi-me, 姐妹, a younger sister.
Tsi°, 左, left.
Tsi°-°seu, 左手, left hand.
Tsia°, 借, to borrow, to lend.
Tsiang-iau°, 將要, about to do a thing.
Tsien, 煎, to grill, to broil.
°Tsien-tau, 剪刀, scissors.
°Tsieu, 酒, wine.
°Tsieu-pe, 酒杯, a wine glass.
°Tsieu-tien°, 酒店, a wine shop.
Tsih-deu, 指頭, a finger.
°Tsing, 井, a well.
Tsing°, 進, to enter, come in.
Tsoe°-°hau, 最好, form of the superlative degree.
Tsok-deu, 竹頭, a bamboo stick.
°Tsoo, 阻, to hinder, to oppose.
°Tsoo-taung°, 阻檔, to hinder, to oppose.
°Tsoo, 左, left.
Tsoo°, 做, to do, to make, to perform.
Tsoo°-koong-tuh, 做功德, to perform funeral ceremonies.
Tsoo°-nyung-ka, 做人家, to be economical.
Tsoong, 鐘, a bell.
Tsoong°-dien-nyung, 種田人, a farmer.
°Tsoong-iau°, 總要, must.
Tsoong-kok, 中國, China.
Tsoong-wo, 中華, China.
Tsoong-°z, 總是, it must be.
°Tsoong-°z-zeh-ke°, 總是實蓋, it must be so.
°Tsu, 主, a lord, master.
°Tsu-nyung, 主人, a master.
Tsuh-tuh, 只得, only.
Tsung, 尊, classifier for idols and cannons.
Tsung, 針, needle.
Tsung, 眞, true.
Tsung-da°-zung, 尊大人, a father (in addressing their father politely).
Tsung-tsak, 斟酌, to consult.
Tuh, 得, to get.
Tuh-°chi, 得起, after verb expresses ability.
Tuh-°doong, 得動, after verb expresses possibility.
Tuh-°dzoe, 得罪, to offend.
Tuh-dzu°, 得住, worthy, ability.
Tuh-ji°, 得及, time to do a thing.
Tuh-kok, 德國, Germany.
Tuk-koo°, 得過, ability.
Tuh-kuh, 得個, (after verb) it is possible.
Tuh-kyien°, 得見, possible of seeing.
Tuh-lauh, 得落, ability.
Tuh-le, 得來, able.
Tuh-tsheh, 得出, ability to hear.
Tung, 燈, a lamp.
°Tung, 等, to wait.
°Tung-ih-hyih, 等一歇, wait a little.
°Tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, wait a little.
°Tung-tau°, 等到, wait until.
V
Va°, 否, interrogative particle.
Van-°i, 凡係, whosoever.
Van-nan, 煩難, difficult.
Van°, 飯 rice (boiled).
Vaung-kan, 房間, a bedroom.
Vaung-°ts, 房子, a house.
’Veh, 勿, not, no.
Veh, 佛, a Buddhist idol.
’Veh-°ba, 勿罷, not only.
’Veh-°ba, 勿罷, more than.
’Veh-°chi, 勿起, after verb expresses inability.
’Veh-da°, 勿大, not very.
’Veh-dan°, 勿但, not only.
’Veh-dan°-°z, 勿但是, not only.
’Veh-°doong, 勿動, after verb expresses impossibility.
’Veh-hau°, 勿好, bad.
’Veh-iau°-°kyung, 勿要緊, not important.
’Veh-jih, 勿及, not equal to.
’Veh-kau-hyung°, 勿高興, not inclined to do a thing.
’Veh-koo°, 勿過, inability.
’Veh-kyien°, 勿見, (after verb) impossible.
’Veh-kyui-sa°, 勿拘啥, no matter what, whatsoever.
’Veh-lauh, 勿落, inability.
’Veh-le, 勿來, (after verb) impossible.
’Veh-lung°-sa°, 勿論啥, no matter what, whatsoever.
’Veh-lung°-sa°-nyung, 勿論啥人, no matter who.
’Veh-°men, 勿滿, less than.
’Veh-nge°-sa°, 勿碍啥, not important.
’Veh-pih, 勿必, it is not necessary.
’Veh-siau, 勿消, less than.
’Veh-te°, 勿對, mistake, not correct.
’Veh-too-°kyi-z°, 勿多幾時, just now, a little while ago.
’Veh-tsheh, 勿出, (after verb) impossible.
’Veh-tuh, 勿得, (after verb) impossible.
’Veh-zen-meh, 勿然末, if not so.
’Veh-zu, 勿如, not equal to.
’Veh-zung, 勿曾, not yet.
Vok, 縛, to tie.
Vok-lau, 縛牢, to tie firmly.
Vok-lau-dzu°, 縛牢住, to tie firmly.
Voo-°soo-peh-°dze, 無所不在, omnipresence.
Voo-°soo-peh-nung, 無所不能, omnipotent.
Voo-°soo-peh-ts°, 無所不如, omniscient.
Voo-thi, 扶梯, a ladder.
°Voo-tshing, 父親, father.
Vung-san, 墳山, a grave mound.
W
Wa°, 壞, to spoil.
Wa°-theh, 壞脫, to spoil.
Wah, 滑, slippery.
Wak, 劃, to strike (a match).
Wan, 還, besides, in addition.
Wan, 還, still, (addition).
Wan, 還, to return (a debt).
Wan-iau°, 還要, still.
Wan-’veh-zung, 還勿曾, still not yet.
Waung, 黃, yellow.
Waung-hwung-deu, 黃昏頭, in the evening.
Waung-hwung-doong, 黃昏同, in the evening.
Waung-laung, 黄狼, a weasel.
We-deu, 回頭, to answer.
We-tah, 回答, to answer.
We°, 會, may, can.
We°-sa°, 為啥, why?
We°-sa°-°lau, 為啥佬, why?
We°-ts, 為之, because.
Weh, 活, to live.
°’Wen, 碗, a Chinese eating bowl.
Wen, 完, to finish.
Wen-tse, 完哉, expresses completed action.
Wen°, 換, to exchange, to barter.
Wo°, 話, to speak.
Wo°, 畫, a painting.
Wo°-deu, 話頭, words.
Wo°-°liau, 話𣩢, to slander.
Wo°-wa°, 話壞, to slander.
°Wung, 混, muddy.
°’Wung-taung°, 穩當, secure, safe.
Y
Ya, 爺, father.
Ya-ya, 爺爺, father.
°Ya-kyi, 野雞, a pheasant.
Ya°, 夜, night.
Ya°-deu, 夜頭, at night.
Ya°-khwa°, 夜快, in the evening.
Ya°-°li, 夜裏, at night.
Yak, 藥, medicine.
Yak-dz, 鑰匙, a key.
Yang, 羊, a sheep.
Yang-dien, 洋錢, a dollar.
Yang-poo°, 洋布, shirting.
Yang-tshiang, 洋槍, a gun.
°Yang, 養, to beget, to nourish.
Yang°-yang°, 樣樣, things of every sort.
Yau-yien, 謠言, rumour.
Yeu-phiau, 郵票, postage stamp.
Yeu-tsung°-jok, 郵政局, post office.
°Yeu, 有, to have, there is.
°Yeu-i°, 有意, purposely.
°Yeu-kuh, 有個, some.
°Yeu-nyung, 有人, some men.
Yeu-tse, 有哉, sufficient, enough.
°Yeu-tuh, 有得, is there to be had?
Yeu°, 右, right (direction).
Yeu°-pan-pan, 右班班, right side.
Yeu°-pien, 右邊, right side.
Yeu°-°seu, 右手, right hand.
Yi, 伊, he, she, it.
Yien, 鹽, salt (noun).
Yi-kuh, 伊個, his, hers, its.
Yi-la°, 伊拉, they.
Yi-la°-kuh, 伊拉個, their, theirs.
Yien°-°dze, 現在, now.
Yoeh-ka, 越加, still more.
Yoeh-°tsau-yoeh-°hau, 越早越好, the earlier the better.
Yoen, 圓, round.
°Yoen-°jung, 遠近, distance.
Yoong-yi°, 容易, easy.
Yoong°, 用, to use.
Yoong°-nyung, 用人, a servant.
Yoong°-sing, 用心, to pay attention, to be diligent.
Yui°-be°, 預備, to prepare, to provide.
°Yui, 雨, rain.
Z
Z-‘eu°, 時候, time.
°Z, 是, to be.
°Z-mien°, 市面, a market.
Z°, 字, a Chinese character.
Z°-iung, 字音, sound of a character.
Z°-ka, 自家, self.
Z°-le-°hoo, 自來火, a match.
Z°-ming-tsoong, 自鳴鐘, a clock.
Z°-°thi, 事體, an affair.
Z°-zen, 自然, of course.
Za, 柴, fuel.
Za-laung, 豺狼, a wolf.
Zah, 煠, boil.
Zak, 若, if.
Zak-deu, 石頭, a stone.
Zak-deu-°ts, 擲骰子, to gamble (with dice).
Zak-s°, 若是, if.
Zak-zen, 若然, if.
Zak-ziang°, 石匠, a stone mason.
°Zau, 造, to build.
Zauh-nyih, 昨日, yesterday.
Zaung, 牀, a bed.
°Zaung, 上, up.
°Zaung-chi°, 上去, to go up.
°Zaung-deu, 上頭, above.
°Zaung-°he, 上海, Shanghai.
°Zaung-°he-°thoo-bak, 上海土白, Shanghai dialect.
°Zaung-le, 上來, to come up.
°Zaung-pen°-nyien, 上半年, first half of the year.
°Zaung-pen-nyih, 上半日, before noon.
°Zaung-pen°-nyoeh, 上半月, first half of the month.
°Zaung-pen°-ya°, 上半夜, first half of night.
°Zaung-san, 上山, to go up a hill.
°Zaung-su, 上書, to take an advanced lesson.
Ze-voong, 裁縫, tailor.
Zeh, 十, ten.
Zeh, 折, to lose (in business).
Zeh-°dze, 實在, truly.
Zeh-ke°, 實蓋, thus.
Zeh-ke°-nung, 實蓋能, thus.
Zeh-pah-°sang, 十八省, China.
Zeh-°pung, 折本, to lose (in business).
Zeh-°pung-nyung, 日本人, Japanese.
Zeh-theh, 折脫, to lose (in business).
Zen, 全, all (collective).
Zen, 船, a boat.
Zen-r, 然而, moreover, yet.
°Zen, 善, good (moral).
°Zeu, 受, to receive, accept.
°Zeu-‘e°, 受害, to be injured.
°Zeu-°khoo, 受苦, to suffer.
°Zeu-nan°, 受難, to suffer.
°Zeu-saung, 受傷, to be wounded.
Zia°, 謝, to thank.
Zien, 前, before.
Zien-deu, 前頭, before.
Zien-kuh-nyoeh, 前個月, last month.
Zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, day before yesterday.
Zien-nyoeh, 前月, last month.
Zien-°tsen-le, 旋轉來, to turn around.
Zieu°, 就, immediately.
Zih, 截, to saw.
Zing, 尋, to look for.
Zing°, 浄, to wash.
Zing°-i-zaung-kuh, 浄衣裳個, a washerman.
Zing°-yok, 浄浴, to bathe.
Zo, 蛇, a snake.
Zok, 熟, ripe, thoroughly cooked, well known, thorough.
°Zoo, 坐, to sit.
Zoo°, 座, classifier for hills and buildings.
Zu°, 樹, a tree.
Zuh, 賊, a thief.
Zung, 神, God.
Zung, 繩, a rope.
Zung-dau°, 神道, a Taoist god or idol.
Zung-kwaung, 晨光, time.

ENGLISH-CHINESE VOCABUARY

A
A or an is expressed by the use of a classifier, e.g., ih-kuh, 一個, ih-diau, 一條.
Able, nung, 能, we°, 會, nung-keu°, 能夠.
About, iak-kwe, 約規, iak-tsak, 約酌, da-iak, 大約, when used with a number, 巴, ⸺ a hundred, pak-°po, 百巴, ⸺ the same, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, ⸺ to do a thing, tsiang-iau°, 將要, khwa-tse, 快哉, (used after the verb), ⸺ midnight, pen°-ya°-°po, 半夜巴.
Above, °zaung-deu, 上頭.
Accept, to, °zeu, 受, seu, 收.
Accompany, to, be, 陪, ⸺ a friend on leaving, soong°, 送.
According, to, tsau, 照, tsau°-°ngoo-khoen°, 照我看.
Account, an, tsang°, 賬, to collect ⸺, seu-tsang°, 手賬, on ⸺ of, iung-we°, 因爲.
Account book, an, ih °pung tsang°-°boo, 一本帳簿.
Add, to, ka, 加, thien, 添, ka-thien, 加添, to ⸺ a little, ka-°tien, 加點.
Advantage, iuh-tshu°, 益處, °hau-tshu°, 好處.
Affair, an, ih °jien z°-°thi, 一件事體 or ih tsaung z°-°thi, 一樁事體.
After, °‘eu, 後, °‘eu-deu, 後頭, ⸺ this, °i-°‘eu, 以後, day ⸺ to-morrow, °‘eu-nyih, 後日.
Afternoon, °‘au-pen°-nyih, 下半日.
Afterwards, °‘eu-°seu, 後首, °‘eu-le, 後來, °i-°‘eu, 以後.
Again, tse°, 再, yi°, 又.
Age, kwe-kang, 貴庚, or kau-zeu, 高壽.
Ago, a little while ⸺, khan-khan, 纔纔, ’veh-too °kyi-z, 勿多幾時.
All, °loong-°tsoong, 攏總, koong°-°tsoong, 共總, ih tshi, 一切, (collectively), zen, 全, thok, 秃, ⸺ in general, da-ke, 大槪.
Allow, to, nyang°, 讓.
Already, °i-kyung, 已經.
Also, °‘a-z, 也是, °‘a, 也.
Although, soe-zen, 雖然, soe-°z, 雖是.
Always, dzang-tsaung, 常莊, dzang-dzang, 常常.
Am, z, 是.
America, °Me-kok, 美國, Hwo-ji-kok, 花旗國.
Among, taung-tsoong, 當中.
Anciently, °koo-z-kan, 古時間.
And, °lau, 佬, tah-ts, 搭之, one hundred ⸺ one, ih pak ling ih, 一百零一.
Answer, to, we-deu, 回頭, we-tah, 回答.
Antiquity, °koo-z-kau, 古時間.
Anyone, dzoe-bien° sa°-nyung, 隨便啥人, have you any? noong° °yeu sa° va°? 儂有啥否, not any, m-meh, 沒末.
Anywhere, dzoe-bien° °‘a-li, 隨便那裏, ’veh lung °‘a-li, 勿論那裏.
Apple, an, ih tsak bing-°koo, 一只蘋菓.
Are, z, 是.
Arrange, to, ban, 辦.
Arrest, to, tsauh, 捉.
Arrive, to, tau°, 到.
As, for example, like, °hau-ziang, 好像, ⸺ it seems to me, tsau° °ngoo khoen°, 照我看, ⸺ you please, dzoe-bien° noong°, 隨便儂.
Ask, to, mung°, 問, jeu, 求, °tshing, 請.
Aspirate, to, tsheh-foong, 出風.
At, leh-la°, 垃拉, la°, 拉, ⸺ first, chi deu, 起頭, ⸺ night, ya° deu, 夜頭, ya°-li, 夜裏.
Attack, to, koong-°tang, 攻打.
Attend, to, to heed, taung-sing, 當心, yoong-sing, 用心, lieu-sing, 留心, to ⸺ to matters, ban°, to ⸺ to a thing to make it right, loong, 弄, loong-°hau, 弄好.
Autumn, tshieu, 秋.
Ax, an, ih °po °foo-deu, 一把斧頭.
B
Back, the, pe°, 背, to come ⸺, °tsen le, 轉來, kyui le, 歸來, to ⸺ the book, pe°, 背.
Bad, cheu, 恘, ’veh °hau, 勿好, ⸺ weather, thien ’veh °hau, 天勿好.
Bake, to, hoong, 烘.
Baggage, ‘ang-°li 行李.
Bale, a ⸺, ih pau, 一包, (used as a classifier), a ⸺ of merchandize, ih pau °hoo-suh, 一包貨色.
Bamboo, a stick of ⸺, ih kung tsok-deu, 一根竹頭.
Bar, of a door, sak, 閂.
Bar, to a door, sen, 閂.
Bark, to, °ngau, 咬, kyau, 叫.
Barrow, a, ih boo° °siau tsho, 一部小車.
Barter, to, wen°, 換, diau°, 調.
Basket, a, ih tsak lan, 一隻籃.
Bathe, to, zing° yok, 淨浴.
Battery, a, ih kuh phau°-de, 一個炮台.
Battle, to fight a ⸺, °tang-tsang°, 打仗.
Be, to, °z, 是, leh la°, 垃拉.
Beat, to, °tang, 打, to ⸺ one another, siang-°tang, 相打, to ⸺ a drum, khau °koo, 敲鼓.
Because, iung-we°, 因爲, we°-ts, 爲之.
Bed, a, ih tsak zaung, 一隻牀 ⸺ room, ih kan vaung-kan, 一間房間.
Bedding, phoo°-ke°, 鋪蓋.
Before, zien, 前, zien-deu, 前頭, day ⸺ yesterday, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i-nyih-°ts, 伊日子.
Beg, to, °thau, 討.
Beget, to, °yang, 養, sang °yang, 生養.
Beggar, a, °thau-van°-kuh, 討飯個, kau° hwo°-°ts, 叫化子.
Begin, to, °chi, 起, to ⸺ work, khe-koong, 開工, °doong-koong, 動工, ⸺ to journey, °doong-sung, 動身.
Beginning, a, °chi-deu, 起頭, °chi-tshoo, 起初, khe-dzang, 開塲, ⸺ of the year, nyien-deu, 年頭.
Behind, °‘eu-ti, 後底, °‘eu-ti-deu, 後底頭, °‘eu-deu, 後頭.
Believe, to, sing°, 信, siang-sing°, 相信.
Bell, a, tsoong, 鐘.
Below, °‘au-deu, 下頭, °‘au-ti-deu, 下底頭.
Beneath, ti-°‘au, 底下.
Beside, baung-pien, 旁邊, pien-deu, 邊頭.
Besides, ling°-nga°, 另外, dze-nga°, 在外, wan, 還.
Best, °ting °hau, 頂好, man °hau, 蠻好.
Better, °hau tien, 好點, the quicker the ⸺, yoeh khwa° yoeh °hau, 越快越好.
Between, taung-tsoong, 當中.
Beyond, koo, 過.
Big, doo°, 大.
Bill, ih tsang tsang°, 一張賬.
Bind, to, with a cord, °paung, 綁.
Bird, a, ih tsak °tiau, 一隻窵.
Biscuit, ih kuh thah-°ping, 一個𩝣餅.
Bite, °ngau, 咬.
Bitter, °khoo, 苦.
Black, huh, 黑.
Blanket, a, ih diau °bi-deu, 一條被頭, woolen, nyoong-than, 羢毯.
Blow, to, tsh, 吹, to ⸺ out, tsh °iung, 吹隱, to ⸺ into a flame or blaze, tsh yaung°, 吹旺.
Blue, lan, 藍.
Board, a, ih khwe °pan, 一塊板.
Board, to, a ship, °zaung zen, 上船.
Boat, a, ih tsak zen, 一隻船, steam ⸺, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen, 一隻火輪船, to start a ⸺, khe zen, 開船.
Body, a, ih kuh sung-°thi, 一個身體.
Boil, to, zah, 煠, to ⸺ water, °kwung, 滾.
Boiling water, khe °s, 開水.
Bolt, of a door, sen, 閂, of cloth, ih phih poo°, 一疋布.
Bolt, to ⸺ a door, sak, 閂.
Bonnet, a, ih °ting mau°-°ts, 一頂帽子, ih tsak mau°-°ts, 一隻帽子.
Book, a, ih °pung su, 一本書, a set of ⸺s, ih boo° su, 一部書, an account ⸺, ih °pung tsang°-°boo, 一本賬簿, a small blank ⸺, ih °pung boo°-°ts, 一本簿子.
Book-case, a, ih °kheu su-dzu, 一口書厨.
Borrow, to, tsia°, 借.
Both, liang-kuh, 兩個.
Bottle, a, (used as a classifier) bing, 瓶.
Bowl, a Chinese eating ⸺, ih tsak °wen, 一只碗, a wash ⸺, ih tsak mien°-bung, 一只面盆.
Box, a large ⸺, ih tsak siang-°ts, 一只箱子, a small ⸺, ih tsak ‘ah-°ts, 一只盒子, (as a classifier), siang, 箱.
Boy, a, ih kuh siau-noen, 一個小囝, a table ⸺, ih kuh °si-tse°, 一個細崽, a horse ⸺, ih kuh °ma-foo, 一個馬夫, a school ⸺, ih kuh °auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子.
Brace, a (used as a classifier), ih te°, 一對.
Brass, doong, 銅.
Bread, a loaf of ⸺, ih kuh men-deu, 一個饅頭, a piece of ⸺, ih khwe° men-deu, 一塊饅頭, a slice of ⸺, ih phien° men-deu, 一片饅頭.
Breadth, khweh-‘ah, 闊狹.
Break, to, se°, 碎, °tang-se°, 打碎, khau-se°, 敲碎.
Breakfast, °tsau-van°, 早飯.
Brick, a, ih khwe° tsen-deu, 一塊磚頭, or lok-tsen, 䃙磚, a pile of ⸺, ih te lok-tsen, 一堆䃙磚.
Bridge, ih diau jau, 一條橋.
Bring, to, tan-le, 担來, nau-le, 拿來, to ⸺ with you, ta° le, 帶來, to ⸺ out, nau-tsheh-le, 拿出來, tan-tsheh-le, 担出來, to ⸺ back, nau °tsen le, 拿轉來, tau-°tsen-le, 担轉來.
Broad, khweh, 闊.
Broil, to, tsien, 煎.
Broom, a, ih °po °sau-°tseu, 一把掃箒.
Brother, °di-hyoong, 弟兄, elder ⸺, ak-koo, 阿哥, younger ⸺, hyoong-°di, 兄弟, °di-°di, 弟弟.
Brush, to, seh, 刷.
Bucket, a, (used as a classifier), ih doong, 一桶.
Buddhist, a ⸺ idol, ih tsung veh, 一尊佛, boo-sah, 菩薩, a ⸺ priest, ih kuh oo-zaung°, 一個和尙.
Buffalo, a water ⸺, ih tsak °s-nyeu, 一隻水牛.
Build, to, °zau, 造, to ⸺ a partition, tshi° pih, 砌壁, to ⸺ a wall, tshi°, 砌, tshi° ziang, 砌牆.
Bundle, a, (used as a classifier), ih °khwung, 一捆.
Burn, to, sau, 燒, thaung, 烫.
Business, sang-i°, 生意, °ma-ma°, 買賣.
But, dau-°z, 但是, dok-°z, 獨是.
Butter, °na-yeu, 奶油.
Butterfly, a, ih tsak ‘oo-dih, 一隻蝴蝶.
Button, a, °nyeu-°ts, 鈕子.
Buy, to, °ma, 買.
By, (the agent), peh, 撥, peh-la°, 撥拉, ⸺ means of, yoong, 用, ⸺ the side of, pien-deu, 邊頭, ⸺ chance, °ngeu-zen, 偶然, ⸺ what means, na°-nung, 那能, ⸺ and ⸺, °tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, hyih-ih-hyih, 歇一歇.
C
Cake, a, ih kuh kyi-dan°-kau, 一個鷄蛋糕.
Calculate, to, soen°, 算, °tang-soen°, 打算, to ⸺ accounts, soen°-tsang°, 算賬.
Call, to, kyau°, 叫, han°, 喊, to ⸺ on, maung°-maung°, 望望.
Can, permission or ability, °khau-°i, 可以, physical ability, nung-keu°, 能彀, acquired ability, we°, 會, ⸺ do it, tsoo°-tuh-le, 做得來, ⸺ not do it, tsoo°-’veh-le, 做勿來.
Canal, a, ih diau °kaung, 一條港.
Candle, a, ih kung lah-tsok, 一根蠟燭.
Candles, a, pair of ⸺s, ih te° lah tsok, 一對蠟燭.
Cane, a, ih kung °baung, 一根棒.
Cannon, a, ih tsung phau°, 一尊炮.
Cap, a, ih °ting, 一頂 or ih tsak mau°-°ts, 一只帽子.
Car, a steam ⸺, ih °boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車.
Careful, taung-sing, 當心.
Carefully, °ts-si°, 仔細.
Carpenter, a, ih kuh mok-ziang°, 一個木匠.
Carpet, a, ih diau mau-°than, 一條毛毯.
Carriage, a, ih °boo °mo-tsho, 一部馬車, steam ⸺, ih °boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車, to go in a ⸺, °zoo °mo-tsho, 坐馬車.
Carry, to, tan, 担, nau, 拿, to ⸺ in one hand, ling, 拎, nau, 拿, to ⸺ in the arms like a child, °bau, 抱, to ⸺ on the shoulder, jien, 掮, to ⸺ on the back, pe°, 揹, to ⸺ with bamboo pole on shoulder, one man, thiau, 挑, to ⸺ with bamboo pole by two men, kaung, 扛, to ⸺ a letter, ta° ih foong sing°, 帶一封信.
Case, a book ⸺, ih °kheu su-dzu, 一口書㕑, in any ⸺, dzoe-bien° na°-nung, 隨便那能.
Cash, a, ih kuh doong-dieu, 一個銅鈿.
Cask, a, (used as a classifier), ih doong, 一桶.
Cat, a, ih tsak mau, 一只猫.
Catch, tsauh, 捉, to ⸺ fire, seh-°hoo, 失火, °hoo-dzak, 火着.
Catty, a, ih kyung, 一斤.
Cent, a ⸺, ih fung, 一分, ten ⸺s, ih kauh, 一角, twenty ⸺s, liang kauh, 兩角, s khe, 四開.
Chair, a, ih tsak iui°-°ts, 一只椅子, a sedan ⸺, ih °ting jau°-°ts, 一頂轎子.
Chance, by ⸺, °ngeu-zen, 偶然.
Change, °tsau-deu, 找頭.
Change, to, ⸺ a dollar, de° yang-dien, 兌洋鈿, to ⸺ residence, pen-dzang, 搬場.
Character, a Chinese ⸺, ih kuh z°, 一個字, to know a ⸺, suh, 識, sound of a ⸺, z°-iung, 字音.
Charcoal, than, 炭.
Chart, a, ih fok doo, 一幅圖, ih fok di°-°li-doo, 一幅地理圖.
Cheap, jang, 強.
Cheat, to, chi, 欺, phien°, 騙, chi-phien°, 欺騙.
Chicken, a, ih tsak kyi, 一只鷄.
Child, a, ih kuh °siau-noen, 一個小囝.
Chimney, ien-tshoong, 烟囱.
China, Tsoong-kok, 中國, Tsoong-wo, 中華, zeh-pah-°sang, 十八省, Ts-na, 支那, Tsoong-wo ming-kok 中華民國.
Chinese, Tsoong-kok, 中國, a ⸺ character, ih kuh z°, 一個字, to know a ⸺ character, suh, 識.
Church, a, °li-pa°-daung, 禮拜堂.
City, a, ih zoo° dzung, 一座城.
Class, a (in school), ih pan, 一班.
Clause, a, ih kyui°, 一句.
Clean, koen-zing, 乾淨.
Clear, tshing, 淸, tshing-°saung, 淸爽.
Clever, tshoong-ming, 聰明.
Climb, to, bo, 爬, ban °zaung-chi°, 𨂝上去.
Clock, a, ih tsak z°-ming-tsoong, 一只自鳴鐘.
Cloth, a piece of ⸺, ih phih poo°, 一疋布.
Clothe, to, tsak, 着.
Clothes, i-zaung, 衣裳, pile of ⸺, ih-dzaung° i-zaung, 一幢衣裳, to take off ⸺, thoeh theh i-zaung, 脫脫衣裳.
Coachman, ih kuh °mo-foo, 一個馬夫.
Coal, me, 煤, (hard) bak-me, 白煤, (soft) ien-me, 烟煤.
Coffin, a, ih °kheu kwen-ze, 一口棺材.
Cold, °lang, 冷.
Collect, to, seu, 收, to ⸺ accounts, seu-tsang°, 收賬.
College, a, su-yoen°, 書院.
Colour, ngan-suh, 顏色, the five ⸺s, °ng-suh, 五色, variegated ⸺s, °ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顏六色.
Come, to, le, 來, ⸺ back, °tsen-le, 轉來, ⸺ forth, tsheh-le, 走來, ⸺ down, °‘au-le, 下來, ⸺ in, tsing°-le, 進來, ⸺ up, °zaung-le, 上來.
Comfort, to, oen-we°, 安慰.
Comfortable, suh-i°, 適意.
Command, to, fung-foo°, 吩咐.
Commence, to, °chi-deu, 起頭, khe-koong, 開工, to ⸺ work, doong°-seu, 動手, khe-dzang, 開塲, ⸺ to journey, doong-sung, 動身.
Compare, to, °pi, 比.
Complete, to, dzung-koong, 成功.
Compradore, a, ih kuh °ma-ban°, 一個買辦.
Congratulate, to, ⸺ a person, koong-°hyi, 恭喜.
Connect, to be ⸺ed together, siang-lien, 相聯.
Conquer, to, tuh-sung, 得勝.
Consider, to, °tang-soen°, 打算.
Consult, to, saung-liang, 商量, tsung-tsak, 斟酌.
Convenient, bien°-taung°, 便當, bien°, 便, when ⸺, bien°-z, 便時.
Converse, to, bak-wo°, 白話, dan-dan, 談談.
Cook (a chief), da°-°s-voo°, 大司務, (an ordinary) sau-van°-kuh, 燒飯個.
Cook, to, sau, 燒, sau-van, 燒飯, ⸺ed roughly, zok 熟.
Cooking, a ⸺ stove (Chinese), ih tsak tsau°-deu, 一只竈頭 a ⸺ stove (foreign), ih tsak thih-tsau, 一只鐵竈.
Coolie, a, tsheh-tien°, 出店, a ricksha ⸺, tsho-foo, 車夫, a sedan ⸺, ih kuh jau°-pan, 一個轎班, jau-foo, 轎夫.
Cord, to bind with a ⸺, °paung, 綁.
Cotton, hwo, 花, (already ginned), mien-hwo, 棉花, a bale of ⸺, ih pau mien-hwo, 一包棉花, ⸺ cloth, poo°, 布, ⸺ seeds, hwo-°ts, ⸺ stalk, hwo-ji, 花楷.
Count, °soo, 數, soen°, 算.
Cow, ih tsak nyeu, 一只牛.
Crab apple, a, ih tsak hwo-‘oong, 一只花紅.
Crawl, to, ban, 𨂝.
Creek, a, ih diau pang, 一條浜, ih diau siau°-‘oo, 一條小河.
Criticise, to, phi-bing, 批評, phi-thah, 批搨.
Crow, a, ih tsak °lau-au, 一只老鴉.
Crow, to (as a cock), di, 啼.
Cry, to, khok, 哭.
Cup, a, ih tsak pe-°ts, 一只杯子.
Custom, kwe-°kyui, 規矩.
Cut, to, with a sharp knife, koeh, 割, to ⸺ with a sword, heavy knife or ax, tsan, 斬, to ⸺ in two, koeh-°doen, 割斷, to ⸺ open, tshih-khe, 切開, tshih-khe-le, 切開來.
D
Daily, nyih-nyih, 日日, nyih-dzok, 日逐, me-nyih, 每日.
Dark, en°, 喑, nearly ⸺, thien en° khwa° tse, 天暗快哉.
Daughter, ih kuh noen, 一個囡, ih kuh °siau-°nyui, 一個小女, tshien-kyung, 千金, ling°-e°, 令媛.
Day, ih nyih, 一日, thien, 天, to-day, this ⸺, kyung-tsau, 今朝, the first ⸺ of month, tshoo ih, 初一, every ⸺, nyih-nyih, 日日, nyih-dzok, 日逐, the 15th ⸺, nyoeh-pen°, 月半, ⸺ and night, nyih-ya°, 日夜, all ⸺, tsoong-nyih, 終日, half a ⸺, pen°-nyih, 半日, ⸺ after to-morrow, °‘eu-nyih, 後日, ⸺ before yesterday, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i°-nyih-°ts, 伊日子, in the middle of the ⸺, nyih-tsoong, 日中, ⸺ time, nyih-li, 日裏.
Dead, °si-tse, 死哉.
Deal, a great, too-bau°, 多化.
Dear (costly), kyui°, 貴, ⸺ child, °pau-pe kuh °siau-noen°, 寶貝個小囝.
Decide, to, lih-ding-°tsu-i°, 立定主意.
Deep, sung, 深.
Deer, ih tsak lok, 一隻鹿.
Defeat, to, °tang-ba°, 打敗, to be ⸺ed, °tang-su, 打輸, °tang-ba°, 打敗, °tang-ba°-tsang, 打敗仗.
Deify, to, foong zung, 封神.
Deliver, to ⸺ in person, dzeu°, 授.
Depart, to ⸺ from, li-khe, 離開.
Depend on, to, i-khau°, 依靠, khau°-thauh, 靠託.
Deport, to ⸺ oneself, de°, 待.
Depth, sung-°tshien, 深淺.
Descend, to, °‘au-chi°, 下去, to ⸺ a hill, °‘au-san, 下山.
Desert, to, li-khe, 離開.
Desire, to, maung, 望, po-maung, 巴望, iau°, 要.
Desk, an office ⸺, ih tsak °sia-z°-de-°ts, 一只寫字檯子.
Dialect, °thoo-bak, 土白, Shanghai ⸺, °Zaung-°he °thoo-bak, 上海土白, mandarin ⸺, kwen-wo, 官話.
Dice, a set of, ih foo° °deu-°ts, 一付骰子, to gamble with ⸺, zak deu°-°ts, 擲骰子.
Die, to, °si, 死, °si-theh, 死脫.
Difference, a, fung-pih, 分別, not much ⸺, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
Difficult, van-nan, 煩難, nan, 難.
Diligent, to be ⸺, yoong-sing, 用心.
Dining, a ⸺ room, ih kan chuh-van°-kan, 一間吃飯間, a ⸺ table, ih tsak chuh-van°-de°-°ts, 一只吃飯檯子.
Direct, to, ban°, 辦.
Dirty, auh-tsauh, 齷齪.
Dish, a, ih tsak dzang bung-°ts, 一只長盆子.
Dismiss, to ⸺ school, faung° ‘auh, 放學.
Distance, °yoen-°jung, 遠近.
Distinct, tshing-°saung, 淸爽.
Distinguish, to, fung-pih, 分別.
Divide, to, fung, 分, fung-khe, 分開.
Do, to ⸺, tsoo°, 做, cannot ⸺ it, tsoo°-’veh-le, 做勿來, how ⸺ you ⸺? noong°-°hau-la° va? 儂好拉否, ⸺ for, theh, 對.
Doctor, ih we °laung-tsoong, 一位郞中, ih we i-sung, 一位醫生.
Dog, ih tsak °keu, 一只狗.
Dollar, a, ih kuh, 一個, or ih khwe° yang-dien, 一塊洋錢, half a ⸺, pen° khwe° yang-dien, 半塊洋錢, a box of ⸺s, ih siang yang-dien, 一箱洋錢.
Dominoes, a set of, ih foo° ba, 一付牌, to gamble with ⸺, teu°-ba, 鬭牌.
Door, a, ih sen mung, 一扇門, shut the ⸺, kwan mung, 關門, open the ⸺, khe mung, 開門, lock the ⸺, °soo mung, 鎖門.
Doorway, a, ih kuh mung-°kheu, 一個門口, ih kuh mung-°kheu-deu, 一個門口頭.
Down, °‘au, 下, put it ⸺, faung°-la°, 放拉, °pa-la°, 擺拉, please sit ⸺, tshing-°zoo, 請坐.
Dragon, a, ih diau loong, 一條龍.
Drawer, ih tsak tsheu-thi°, 一只抽屉.
Drawers, a chest of ⸺, ih tsak tsheu-teu, 一只抽斗.
Dress, to, tsak, 着, to ⸺ in a showy manner, °tang-pan °, 打扮.
Drive, to ⸺ away, °koen, 趕, koen-theh, 趕脫.
Drum, a, ih mien° °koo, 一面鼓.
Dry, koen, 乾.
Duck, ih tsak ah, 一只鴨.
Dull, dung°, 鈍.
Dust, boong-dzung, 塳塵.
Duty, ming-vung°, 名分.
Dwell, to, dzu, 住.
E
Each, °me, 每.
Ear, a, ih tsak °nyi-°too, 一只耳朵.
Earlier, the ⸺ the better, yoeh °tsau yoeh °hau, 越早越好.
Early, °tsau, 早, ⸺ in the morning, °tsau zung-deu, 早晨頭.
Earn, to, dzan° 賺.
Earth, the, di°, 地, di°-jeu, 地球, the whole ⸺, phoo-thien-°‘au, 普天下.
East, the, toong, 東, ⸺ side, toong-pien, 東邊.
Easy, yoong-yi°, 容易, ⸺ to read, °hau dok kuh, 好讀個.
Eat, to, chuh, 吃, to ⸺ rice or meal, chuh van, 吃飯, unable to ⸺, chuh-’veh-lauh, 吃勿落, good to ⸺, °hau chuh kuh, 好吃個.
Eating, a Chinese ⸺ bowl, ih tsak °wen, 一只碗.
Ebb-tide, the°-dzau, 退潮.
Economical, to be, °sang, 省, tsoo° nyung-ka, 做人家.
Egg, an, ih kuh dan°, 一個蛋.
Eight, pah, 八.
Eighteen, zeh-pah, 十八.
Eighty, pah-zeh, 八十.
Either, ‘ok-tse, 或者, ‘ok-°z, 或是.
Eleven, zeh-ih, 十一.
Else, ling°-nga°, 另外, wan-°yeu, 還有.
Embarrassing, to be placed in an — position, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
Emblem, an, kyi-‘au°, 記號.
Enemy, to attack an ⸺, koong-°tang, 攻打.
England, Iung-kok, 英國.
Enjoy, to, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜.
Enough, °yeu-tse, 有哉, or keu°-z°, 够是.
Ensign, kyi-‘au°, 記號.
Enter, to, tsing°, 進.
Entrust, to, khau°, 靠, khau°-thauh, 靠託, thauh, 託.
Envelope, an, ih kuh sing°-khauh, 一個信殼, ih kuh sing°-foong, 一個信封.
Equal, ih yang°, 一樣, not ⸺ to, ’veh-jih, 勿及, ’veh zu, 勿如.
Erect, to ⸺ a fence, °tang-po, 打芭.
Error, tsho, 差.
Escort, to ⸺ a person to the way, soong°, 送.
Evening, ya°-khwa°, 夜快, waung-hwung-deu, 黃昏頭, waung hwung-°doong, 黃昏同.
Every, kauh, 各, °me, 每, ⸺ day, °me-nyih, 毎日, ⸺ place, khauh tshu°, 各處, khauh-tau° lauh tshu°, 各到落處.
Examine, to ⸺ carefully, dzo, 查, dzo-°khau, 查考, to ⸺ a class, °khau-su, 考書.
Exalt, to ⸺ to a high position, foong, 封.
Exchange, to, wen°, 換, diau, 調.
Excite, to, doong, 動.
Exhort, to, °choen, 勸, °choen-mien, 勸勉,°choen-‘oo, 勸和.
Except, to, maung°, 望, po-maung°, 巴望.
Explain, to, °ka-suh, 解說, °khaung, 講.
Expound, to, °khaung, 講.
Extinguish, to, tsh-°iung, 吹隱.
Extra, ling-nya°, 另外.
Extravagant, to be, ⸺, saung-fi, 傷費.
Eye, an, ih tsak °ngan-tsing, 一只眼睛.
F
Face, ih kuh mien° khoong, 一個面孔, ⸺ (cheek), nyi-kwaung, 耳光.
Fall, to, lauh, 落, tih, 跌, to ⸺ down, lauh-‘au°-le, 落下來, tih-‘au°-le, 跌下來, the tide is ⸺ing, lauh-dzau, 落潮.
False, °ka, 假.
Fan, a, ih °po sen°-°ts, 一把扇子.
Farmer, tsoong°-dien-nyung, 種田人.
Fast, khwa°, 快.
Fat, (a person being ⸺), tsaung°, 壯.
Father, ya, 爺, °lau-nyung-ka, 老人家, kya-°voo, 家父, tsung-da°-nyung, 尊大人, kya, 家, ling-°tsung, 令尊, tia-tia, 爹爹, ya-ya, 爺爺, pak-pak, 爸爸.
Feel, to, mok, 摸.
Female, (human), °nyui, 女, (animal), tsh, 雌.
Fence, to erect a ⸺, °tang-po, 打芭.
Few, sau, 少.
Fierce, hyoong, 兇.
Fifteen, °so-°ng, 十五.
Fifty, °ng-seh, 五十.
Fight, to ⸺ with each other, siang-°tang, 相打, to ⸺ a battle, °tang-°tsang, 打仗.
File, a, ih °po tshoo-tau, 一把銼刀.
Find, to, zing, 尋, zing-dzak, 尋着, cannot ⸺, zing-’veh-dzak, 尋勿着.
Finger, a, ih tsak tshih-deu, 一只指頭.
Finish, to, wen, 完.
Fire, °hoo, 火, to light the ⸺, sang-°hoo, 生火, on ⸺ (as a house), °hoo-dzak, 火着.
Firm, lau, 牢.
First, sien, 先, deu ih, 頭一, °di ih, 第一, the ⸺ month, tsung nyoeh, 正月, the ⸺ day of a month, tshoo-ih, 初一, the ⸺ part of a month, nyoeh-deu, 月頭, nyoeh deu laung, 月頭上, the ⸺ half of a month, day, or year, °zaung-pen°, 上半.
Fish, a, ih diau ng, 一條魚.
Five, °ng, 五.
Flag, ih mien° ji, 一面旗.
Flour, koen-mien°, 乾麵, mien°-°fung, 麵粉.
Flower, hwo, 花, a ⸺ing plant, ih khoo hwo, 一棵花.
Flute, ih °kwen-dih, 一管笛.
Fly, to, fi, 飛.
Follow, to, kung, 跟.
Food, van°, 飯, chuh-kuh meh-z°, 吃個物事.
Fool, to ⸺ with one another, °tang-bang, 打棚.
Foot, the, ih tsak kyak, 一只脚, a measure of 10 inches, ih tshak, 一尺, ten feet, ih °dzang, 一丈, a square ⸺, ih faung tshak, 一方尺, 100 square feet, ih faung, 一方.
For, iung-we°, 因爲, we°-ts, 爲之, ⸺ (instead of), theh, 替, de°-thi°, 代替.
Force, to take a thing by ⸺, °tshiang, 搶, °tshiang-doeh, 搶奪.
Foreigner, ih kuh °nga-kok nyung, 一個外國人.
Forfeit, to, seh, 失, seh-theh, 失脫.
Forget, to, maung-kyi, 忘記.
Forgive, to, nyau-°so, 饒赦, khwen-yoong, 寬容, nyoen-liang°, 原諒.
Fork, ih °po tsho°, 一把叉.
Forsake, to, li-khe, 雕開.
Fort, a, ih kuh phau°-de, 一個炮台.
Forth, tsheh, 出, to come ⸺, tsheh-le, 出來.
Forty, s°-seh, 四十.
Four, °s, 四.
Fowl, ih tsak kyi, 一隻鷄, a pair of ⸺s, ih te° kyi, 一對鶴.
Fox, ih tsak ‘oo-li, 一隻孤狸.
France, Fah-kok, 法國.
Fresh (of meat or fish), sing-sien, 新鮮.
Friend, ih kuh bang-°yeu, 一個朋友.
Friday, °li-pa°-°ng, 禮拜五.
From, dzoong, 從.
Fuel, a bundle of ⸺, ih khwung za, 一梱柴, ih khwung dau-za, 一梱稻柴.
Furniture, classifier for articles of ⸺, °kheu, 口.
G
Gain, to, ⸺, dzan, 賺, to ⸺ a victory, °tang-yung, 打贏, °tang-sung°-tsang, 打勝仗.
Gamble, to, too, 賭, to ⸺ with dice, zak deu°-°ts, 擲骰子, to ⸺ with dominoes, teu°-ba, 鬭牌.
Garden, hwo-yoen, 花園.
Garment, ih jien° i-zaung, 一件衣裳.
Gate, mung, 門.
Gateway, mung-kheu, 門口.
Gather, (as fruit, flowers), °tshe, 採.
Generally, da°-liak, 大略.
Germany, Tuh-kok, 德國.
Gentleman, sien-sang, 先生.
Gently, man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, chung-chung-nung, 輕輕能.
Get, to, tuh, 得, tuh-dzak, 得着, to ⸺ up, lok, 䟿 lok chi° le, 䟿起來.
Give, to, peh, 撥, soong°, 送.
Glad, kha°-weh, 快活, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜.
Glass, poo-li, 玻璃, a ⸺, ih tsak poo-li pe-°ts, 一只玻璃杯子, a wine ⸺, ih tsak °tsieu pe, 一只酒杯.
Go, to, chi°, 去, to ⸺ out, tsheh chi°, 出去, to ⸺ on shore, °zaung-ngoen°, 上岸, to ⸺ on board, °zaung-zen, 上船.
Goat, ih tsak san-yang, —隻山羊.
God, °Zang-ti, 上帝, Thien-°tsu, 天主, Zung, 神, a Taoist ⸺, ih tsung zung-dau°, 一尊神道.
Godown, a, ih zoo °dzan-vaung, 一座棧房.
Gold, kyung-°ts, 金子.
Gong, ih mien° kyung-loo, 一面金鑼.
Good, °hau, 好, (moral), zen, 善.
Good-by, an°-hyih-we°, 晏歇會, tse°-we°, 再會, chi°-tse, 去哉, man°-chi°, 慢去, kan-nyih-we°, 隔日會.
Goose, a, ih tsak ngoo, 一只鵝.
Grasp, to, nyah, 揑.
Grass, a, °tshau, 草.
Grate, a, ih kuh °hoo-khaung, 一個火炕.
Grave, a, ⸺ mound, ih kuh vung-san, 一個墳山.
Great, doo°, 大, a great many, too hau°, 多化, kyau-kwan, 交關.
Green, lok, 綠.
Guest, a, ih we° khak nyung, 一位客人, a ⸺ room, ih kan khak-daung kan, 一間客堂間.
Grill, to, tsien, 煎.
Gun, a, ih kwen yang-tshiang, 一管洋槍.
H
Hair, on the head, deu-fah, 頭髮.
Half, a, ih pen°, 一半, ⸺ an hour, pen° °tien-tsoong, 半點鐘, ⸺ a dollar, pen° khwe° yang-dien, 半塊洋錢.
Hammer, a, ih kuh, 一個, or °po laung-deu, 把榔頭.
Hand, the, ih tsak °seu, 一只手, the right ⸺, yeu°-°seu, 右手, the left ⸺, tsi°-°seu, 左手.
Hand, to, dzeu°, 授.
Handful, a, ih °po, 一把.
Happiness, fok-chi°, 福氣.
Happy, kha°-weh, 快活.
Hard, ngang, 硬, (difficult), nan, 難.
Hare, a, ih tsak thoo°-°ts, 一只兔子.
Hat, ih °ting man-°ts, 一頂帽子.
Have, °yeu, 有.
Hawk, a, °ih tsak iung, 一只鷹, ih tsak °lau-iung, 一只老鷹.
He, yi, 伊.
Head, ih kuh deu, 一個頭, to wear on the ⸺, ta°, 戴, to bow the ⸺ (as to kowtow), kheh-deu, 磕頭.
Heal, to, i-°hau, 醫好, khoen°-°hau, 看好.
Hear, thing, 聽, thing-kyien, 聽見, cannot ⸺, thing-’veh-tsheh, 聽勿出.
Heart, ih kuh sing, 一個心.
Heaven, thien, 天.
Heavy, °dzoong, 重.
Height, kau-ti, 高低.
Help, paung-dzoo°, 帮助, to ⸺ one another, siang-paung, 相幫.
Hen, a, ih tsak ths kyi, 一只雌鷄.
Her, yi, 伊.
Here, leh-li, 垃裏, °ths-di°, 此地, di-deu, 第頭.
Hereafter, °‘eu-°seu, 後首, °‘eu-le, 後來, °i-°‘eu, 以後.
Hers, yi-kuh, 伊個.
Hide, to ⸺ oneself, ben°-loong, 避攏, to ⸺ a thing, khaung°-°loong, 囥攏, khaung°, 囥.
High, kau, 高.
Hill, ih zoo° san, 一座山.
Him, yi, 伊.
Himself, yi z°-ka, 伊自家.
Hinder, to, °tsoo, 阻, °tsoo-taung, 阻擋.
His, yi-kuh, 伊個.
Hit, to, °tang, 打.
Hog, a, ih tsak ts-loo, 一只猪獹.
Hoist, to, as a flag or a sail, °tsha, 扯.
Hold, to, nyah, 揑, to ⸺ in the arms, °bau, 抱.
Hole, doong, 洞.
House, ok-°li, 屋裏.
Honest, lau-zeh, 老實.
Hope, a, maung-deu, 望頭.
Hope, to, po-maung°, 巴望.
Horse, a, ih phih °mo, 一匹馬, ih tsak °mo, 一只馬, a ⸺ boy, ih kuh °mo-foo, 一個馬夫, to ride a ⸺, ji-°mo, 騎馬.
Hospital, i-yoen°, 醫院.
Hot, nyih, 熱.
Hour, ih °tien tsoong, 一點鐘, or ih kuh tsoong-deu, 一個鐘頭, half an ⸺, pen° °tien tsoong, 半點鐘, quarter of an ⸺, ih khuh, 一刻.
House, ih zoo°, 一座, or ih zak vaung-°ts, 一宅房子, two storied ⸺, ih zoo° leu, 一座樓, ih zoo° leu-vaung, 一座樓房, three storied ⸺, san dzung leu, 三層樓.
How? °na-nung, 那能? ⸺ many? °kyi-hau°, 幾化? °kyi kuh, 幾個? ⸺ much? °kyi hau°, 幾化? ⸺ much is it (price)? sa ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? ⸺ much more? ‘oo-°hwaung, 何况? nyi, 呢, (at end of clause) ⸺ are you? noong° °hau la° °va, 儂好拉否? ⸺ old are you? °kyi hau° nyien-kyi, 幾化年紀? °kyi soe°, 幾歲? °kyi-hau° kwe°-kang, 幾何貴庚? kyi-hau° kau-zeu°, 幾化高壽.
However, zen-r, 然而.
Hundred, ih pak, 一百.
Hunt, to, °tang-lih, 打獵.
Husband, a ⸺ and wife, ih te° foo-tshi, 一對夫妻.
I
I, °ngoo, 我, ⸺ myself, °ngoo z°-ka, 我自家.
Idol, a Buddhist ⸺, ih tsung veh, 一尊佛, boo-sah, 菩薩, a Taoist ⸺, ih tsung zung-dau°, 一尊神道.
If, zak, 若, zak-s°, 若是, zak-zen, 若然, °thaung-zen, 倘然, °thaung-s°, 倘使, meh, 末 (at end of the clause), ⸺ not so, ’veh zen meh, 勿然末, ’veh zeh-ke° meh, 勿實蓋末, ⸺ it be so, kyi-zen zeh-ke°, 既然實蓋, as ⸺, °hau-°ziang, 好像.
Ill, to become, sang-bing, 生病.
Illness, mau-bing, 毛病.
Immediately, zieu, 就.
Immovable, °doong-°‘a-’veh-°doong, 動亦勿動.
Implement, ka-sang, 傢生.
Imprison, to be ⸺ed, seu-kan, 收監.
In, la°, 拉, or leh-la°, 垃拉, (before noun) °li, 裏, or °li-hyang, 裏向, (after noun), is he ⸺? yi leh-la° va°? 伊垃拉否? come ⸺, tsing°-le, 進來, go ⸺, °tsing-chi°, 進去, ⸺ addition, ling°-nga, 另外, dze-nga°, 在外, wan, 環, ⸺ order to, °i-°ts, 以至, ⸺ vain, bak-bak-°li, 白白裏.
Inch, an, ih tshung, 一寸.
Inconceivable, siang-’veh-tau, 想勿到.
Indispensable, °ba-’veh-tuh, 罷勿得.
Injure, ‘e°, 害, to be ⸺ed, zeu-°‘e, 受害, to be ⸺ed by striking, °tang-wa°, 打壊.
Ink, a piece of, ih khwe° muh, 一塊墨, foreign ⸺, muh-s, 墨水, a Chinese ⸺ tablet, ih kuh nyien°-°ts, 一個硯池, ih kuh nyien°-de, 一個硯台.
Inquire, to make ⸺ies, °tang-thing, 打聽.
Inside, °li-hyang°, 裏向.
Instantaneous, lih-khuk, 立刻.
Instead of, thi°, 替, °de-thi, 代替.
Instruments, a set of, ih foo° ka-sang, 一副傢生.
Intercourse, le-°waung, 來往.
Invite, to, °tshing, 請.
Iron, thih, 鐵.
Iron, to, thaung, 烫.
Is, °z, 是, there ⸺, °yeu, 有, ⸺ there to be had? °yeu-tuh, 有得?
It, yi, 伊, ⸺ is not necessary, ’veh pih, 勿必.
Its, yi-kuh, 伊個.
J
Japanese, Toong-yang-nyung, 東洋人, zeh-°pung-nyung, 日本人.
Jetty, a, °mo-deu, 碼頭.
Journey, to start on, °doong-sung, 動身.
Jump, to, thiau, 跳.
Just now, khan-khan, 纔纔, ’veh too-°kyi-z, 勿多幾時, ⸺ on the point of doing a thing, thih-°tsung, 貼准, ⸺ before daylight, thien-liang°-khwa°, 天亮快.
K
Keep, to, seu, 守.
Kerosene, °hoo-yeu, 火油.
Kettle, s-‘oo, 水壺.
Key, a, ih °po yak-dz, 一把鑰匙.
Kill, to, sah, 殺, sah-theh, 殺脫, to ⸺ with a blow, °tang-sah, 打殺.
Kitchen, a, ih kan sau-van°-kan, 一間燒飯間, dzu-vaung, 厨房, tsau°-kan, 灶間.
Kneel, to, jui, 跪.
Knife, a, ih °po tau, 一把刀.
Knock, to, khau, 敲.
Know, to, °hyau-tuh, 曉得, to ⸺ a person, nyung°-tuh, 認得, to ⸺ a Chinese character, suh, 識.
Kowtow, to, kheh-deu, 磕頭.
L
Ladder, a, ih dzung voo-thi, 一層扶梯.
Lamp, a, ih tsan-tung, 一盞燈.
Large, doo°, 大.
Late, °an, 晏.
Laugh, to, siau°, 笑.
Laughable, °hau-siau°, 好笑, very ⸺, siau°-sah-tse, 笑殺哉.
Lazy, °lan-phok, 懒怕, °lan-doo°, 懒惰.
Lead, khan, 鉛.
Lead, to, ling, 領.
Leap, to, thiau, 跳.
Learn, to, °‘auh, 學.
Left, tsoo°, 左 (sometimes pronounced tsi°), ⸺ hand, tsi° °seu, 左手.
Lend, to, tsia, 借.
Length, dzaug-°toen, 長短.
Less than, ’veh siau, 勿消, ’veh °men, 勿滿.
Lest, °sang-ts, 省之.
Letter, a, ih foong sing°, 一封信.
Level, bing, 平.
Life, ih diau sing°-ming°, 一條性命, all one’s ⸺, ih-sang ih-s°, 一生一世.
Light (not dark), liang, 亮.
Light (in weight), chung, 輕.
Light, to, (a lamp or candle), tien, 點, to ⸺ a fire, sang, 生.
Like, °hau-°ziang 好像, °ziang, 像, yeu-z 猶似, tsho-’veh-too, 差不多.
Like, to, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜, siang-sing°, 相信, as you ⸺, dzoe noong, 隨儂, dzoe bien noong, 隨便儂.
Lion, a, ih tsak s-°ts, 一只獅子.
Little, °siau, 小, ⸺ (in quantity), °sau, 少, ⸺ (to a small extent), sau-we, 少爲, a ⸺, ih ngan, 一顏, ih ngan-ngan, 一顏顏, differs but ⸺, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
Live, to, dzu°, 住, weh, 活 sung, 生.
Loaf, a ⸺ of bread, ih kuh men-deu, 一個饅頭.
Lock, a, ih °po °soo, 一把鎖.
Lock, to, °soo, 鎖.
Long, dzang, 長, a ⸺ time, dzang-°yoen, 長遠, dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, ta-z-tse, 多時哉.
Look, to, khoen°, 看, to ⸺ for, zing, 尋, take a ⸺, khoen°-ih-khoen°, 看一看, to ⸺ around, tseu-we-khoen°, 周圍看, ⸺s well, °hau khoen°, 好看, to ⸺ for (expect), maung°, 望, ⸺ after (to lake care of), tsau-koo, 照顧, taung-sing, 當心.
Loose, °doong-°lau-°doong, 動佬動.
Lord, °Tsu, 主, the heavenly ⸺, Thien-°Tsu, 天主.
Lose, to, seh, 失, seh-theh, 失脫, to ⸺ in business, zeh, 折, zeh-theh, 折脫, zeh-pung, 折本.
Love, to, e°, 爱, to ⸺ mutually, siang-e°, 相愛.
Low, ti, 底.
M
Magistrate, a, ih kuh, 一個, (or ih we°, 一位), kwen-°foo, 官府.
Make, to, tsoo°, 做, to ⸺ a profit, dzan, 賺.
Male, nen, 男, of animals, yoong, 雄.
Man, ih kuh nyung, 一個人, a ⸺ or two, deu-liang-kuh-nyung, 頭兩個人.
Manage, to, kyung-°seu, 經手, ban, 辦, °kwen, 管.
Mandarin, a, ih kuh kwen, 一個官, ih kuh kwen-°foo, 一個官府, ⸺ dialect, kwen-wo°, 官話.
Many, too-hau°, 多化, how ⸺, °kyi-hau°, 幾化, a great ⸺, kyau-kwan, 交關.
Map, a, ih fok doo, 一幅圖, ih fok di°-°li-doo, 一幅地理圖.
Market, °z-mien°, 市面.
Marks or signs, kyi°-’au°, 記號.
Marry, to ⸺ a wife, °thau nyang-°ts, 討娘子, a woman to ⸺, tsheh-ka°, 出嫁.
Mason, a, ih kuh nyi-°s-ziang, 一個泥水匠.
Master, a, °tsu-nyung, 主人, toong-ka, 東家.
Matches, z°-le hoo°, 自來火, strike a ⸺, wak, 劃.
May, °khau-i°, 可以.
Me, °ngoo, 我.
Meaning, i°-s°, 意思.
Measure, to, liang, 量, °ien, 演.
Meat, a piece ⸺, ih khwe° nyok, 一塊肉.
Medicine, yak, 藥.
Meet, to, bang°-dzak, 碰着, to go to ⸺, nyung-tsih, 迎接, to ⸺ a misfortune, chuh-°khoo, 吃苦.
Men, nyung, 人.
Mend, to, sieu, 修, °poo, 補, to ⸺ a path, tshi° ka, 砌街.
Merchandise, hoo°-suh, 貨色.
Method, fah-tsuh, 法則.
Midday, nyih-tsoong, 日中.
Middle, kyui-tsoong, 居中, ⸺ of a month, nyoeh-pen°, 月半.
Midnight, pen°-ya° °po, 半夜把.
Might, °khau-°i, 可以.
Mile, a Chinese ⸺, ih °li, 一里, ih °li-loo°, 一里路.
Milk, nyeu-°na, 牛奶.
Mind, to relax the ⸺, san-sing, 散心.
Mine, °ngoo-kuh, 我個.
Minute, a, ih fung, 一分.
Mirror, a, ih mien° kyung°-°ts, 一面鏡子.
Misery, °khoo-nau°, 苦惱.
Misfortune, to meet with a ⸺, chuh-°khoo, 吃苦.
Mistake, ’veh-te°, 勿對, or tsho, 錯.
Miss, a, ih kuh °siau-°tsia, 一個小姐.
Mister, sien-sang, 先生.
Mistress, Mrs., nyang-nyang, 娘娘.
Moan, to, than°-chi°, 歎氣.
Moist, sak, 濕.
Monday, °li-pa°-ih, 禮拜一.
Money, small, °siau kauh-°ts, 小角子, °siau yang-dien, 小洋鈿.
Month, a, ih kuh nyoeh, 一個月, the 1st day of a ⸺, tshoo ih, 初一, the beginning of a ⸺, nyoeh-deu, 月頭, the middle of a ⸺, nyoeh-pen°, 月半, the end of a ⸺, nyoeh-ti, 月底, last ⸺, zien-nyoeh, 前月, zien-kuh-nyoeh, 前個月, next ⸺, °‘au nyoeh, 下月, °‘au kuh nyoeh, 下個月, every ⸺, °me nyoeh, 每月, nyoeh-nyoeh, 月月.
Moon, ih kuh nyoeh, 一個月, nyoeh-liang, 月亮.
More, too, 多, too-°tien, 多點, how much ⸺, °oo-hwaung, 何况, ⸺ than, ’veh-°ba, 勿罷.
Moreover, °ping-°tshia, 並且, r-°tshia, 而且, hwaung-°tshia, 况且.
Morning, °tsau-zung-deu, 早晨頭, °zaung-pen° nyih, 上半日.
Mosquito, a, ih kuh mung-°ts, 一個蚊子.
Most, °ting, 頂, tsoe, 最, juh, 極, da°-ke°, 大槪.
Mostly, da°-ke°, 大槪.
Mother, nyang, 娘, moo-tshing, 母親, my ⸺, ka (kya)-°moo, 家母, your ⸺, ling°-daung, 令堂.
Mound, a grave ⸺, ih kuh vung-san, 一個墳山.
Mountain, a, ih zoo san, 一座山.
Mouth, a, ih kuh °kheu, 一個口, ih tsang °ts, 一張嘴.
Move, to, °doong, 動.
Mow, a, ih °m, 一畝.
Much, too, 多, too-hau°, 多化, how ⸺? °kyi-hau, 幾化? how ⸺ is it (price)? sa° ka-°dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情?
Muddy, wung, 混.
My, °ngoo-kuh, 我個.
N
Name, ming-z°, 名字, ming-deu, 名頭, your honorable ⸺, kwe° sing°, 貴姓, tsung sing, 尊姓, my humble ⸺, bi°-sing°, 敝姓, please give your ⸺ (style), °tshing kyau° the°-foo, 請敎台甫, my ⸺ is? tshau-z°, 草字, what is your ⸺? ming-deu kyau°-sa°? 名頭叫啥?
Narrate, to, kau°-soo, 告訴.
Narrow, ‘ah, 狹.
Native, a, ih kuh °pung-di°-nyung, 一個本地人.
Near, °jung, 近, siang-°jung, 相近.
Nearly, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, mau, 毛, ⸺ three miles, man san li, 毛三里.
Near-sighted, °jung-°z-°ngan, 近視眼.
Necessary, pih iau° yoong° kuh, 必要用個, ⸺ or important, iau°-°kyung-kuh, 要緊個.
Necessity, iau°-°kyung, 要緊.
Needle, tsung, 針, thread a ⸺, tshen °yung sien°, 穿引線.
Neighbor, ling-°so, 鄰舍.
New, sing, 新, sing-fah, 新法.
New Year’s day, nyien tshoo ih, 年初一.
News, sing°-sih, 信息, sing-vung, 新聞.
Newspaper, ih tsang sing-vung-°ts, 一張新聞紙.
Next, (juxtaposition), kah-pih, 隔壁.
Night, ya°, 夜, at ⸺, ya°-deu, 夜頭, ya°-°li, 夜裏.
Nine, °kyeu, 九.
Nineteen, zeh-°kyeu, 十九.
Ninety, °kyeu-seh, 九十.
No, ’veh, 勿, m-sa°, 無啥 (in answer to question), ⸺ one, m-sa°-nyung, 無啥人, ⸺ matter, ’veh nge°-sa°, 勿礙啥, ⸺ matter who, ’veh lung° sa° nyung, 勿論啥人, ⸺ matter what, ’veh lung° sa°, 勿論啥, dzoe bien° sa°, 隨便啥, ’veh kyui sa°, 勿拘啥.
Noise, °hyang-sung, 響聲, sung iung, 聲音.
Noon, nyih-tsoong, 日中.
North, pok, 北, pok-pien, 北邊.
North-east, toong-pok, 東北, ⸺ west, si-pok, 西北.
Nose, a, ih kuh bih-deu, 一個鼻頭.
Not, ’veh, 勿, ⸺ any, m-meh 無末, ⸺ yet, ’veh zung, 勿曾, still ⸺ yet, wan ’veh zung, 還勿曾, ⸺ only, ’veh dan°-°z, 勿但是 ’veh-dan°, 勿但, ’veh ba, 勿罷, ⸺ at all, ih ngan ’veh, 一顏勿, ⸺ inclined, ’veh-kau-hyung°, 勿高興, ⸺ very, ’veh da°, 勿大.
Nourish, to, °yang, 養, sang-°yang, 生養.
Now, yien°-°dze, 現在.
Nun, a, ih kuh nyi-koo, 一個尼姑.
Nurse, to, su-°tsang, 輸長.
O
Object, an, ih kuh meh-z°, 一個物事.
Obtain, tuh-dzak, 得着.
Of, (sign of possession), kuh, 個, ⸺ course, z°-zen, 自然.
Offend, to, tuh-dzoe°, 得罪.
Office, an, ih kan sia°-z°-kan, 一間寫字間.
Often, °hau-°kyi-we, 好幾囘.
Oil, yeu, 油.
Old (not new), °jeu, 舊, ⸺ (not young), °lau, 老, ⸺ (antique) °koo-z-kan, 古時間.
Omnipotent, voo-°soo-peh-nung, 無所不能.
Omnipresent, voo-°soo-peh-°dze, 無所不在.
Omniscient, voo-°soo-peh-ts, 無所不知.
On, la°, 拉, or leh-la, 垃拉, (with laung after noun), ⸺ the table, la° de-ts laung°, 拉檯子上, ⸺ account of, we°-ts, 爲之, ⸺ the contrary, °tau, 倒, ⸺ the other hand, °tau, 倒.
Once, ih we, 一囘.
One, ih, 一, no ⸺, m-sa° nyung, 無啥人, ⸺ cent, ih fung, 一分, ⸺ time, ih we, 一囘, ih thaung, 一 [C3].
Only, pih koo°, 不過, dok°-z, 獨是, tsuh-tuh, 只得.
Open, to, khe, 開, to ⸺ school, khe ‘auh, 開學, to ⸺ (as a book), hyih-khe-le, 揭開來, to cut ⸺, tshih khe, 切開, tshih khe le, 切開來.
Oppose, to, °tsoo, 阻 °tsoo-taung, 阻擋, unable to ⸺, dih-’veh-dzu, 敵勿住.
Or, ok-tse, 或者.
Orange, ih tsah kyoeh-°ts, 一只橘子.
Originally, °pung-le, 本來.
Other, bih, 別.
Ought, iung-ke, 應該.
Ounce, an, ih °liang, 一兩, an ⸺ of silver, ih °liang nyung-°ts, 一兩銀子.
Our, nyi°-kuh, 伲個, °ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個.
Ours, nyi°-kuh, 伲個, °ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個.
Out, nga°, 外, tsheh, 出, nga°-deu, 外頭, to go ⸺, tsheh-chi°, 出去, to come ⸺, tsheh-le, 出來.
Outside, nga-deu, 外頭.
Over, °zaung, 上.
Own, z°-ka-kuh, 自家個.
P
Package, a, ih bau, 一包.
Pagoda, a, ih zoo° thah, 一座塔.
Pain, thoong, 痛.
Painter, a, ih kuh tshih ziang°, 一個漆匠.
Painting, a, ih fok wo°, 一幅畫.
Pair, ih saung, 一雙, ih te°, 一對, ih foo°, 一副.
Pane, a ⸺ of glass, ih khwe poo-li, 一塊玻璃.
Paper, °ts-deu, 紙頭, a sheet of ⸺, ih tsang °ts-deu, 一張紙頭.
Pardon, nyau-°so, 饒赦.
Part, a portion, ih vung, 一分, for the most ⸺, da°-liak, 大略.
Partition, pih, 壁, to build a ⸺, tshi° pih, 砌壁.
Pass, to ⸺ from the old year to the new, koo°, 過.
Path, ih diau ka, 一條街, to mend a ⸺, tshi° ka, 砌街.
Pawn, to, taung°, 當, taung°-theh, 當脫.
Pay, to, foo, 付, to ⸺ attention, yoong° sing, 用心, to ⸺ ceremonial visit, pa° khak, 拜客, to ⸺ respects to, pa° maung°, 拜望, maung 望, to ⸺ respects to a new year, pa° nyien, 拜年.
Payment, to receive ⸺, seu, 收, to receive ⸺ for a lease, seu-tsoo, 收租.
Peace, bing-oen, 平安.
Peach, a, ih tsak dau-°ts, 一只桃子.
Pear, a, ih tsak sang-li, 一只生梨.
Pen, a, ih °kwen pih, 一管筆.
Pencil, a, ih °kwen khan-pih, 一管鉛筆.
People, pak-sing, 百姓.
Perform, to, tsoo°, 做, to ⸺ a funeral ceremony, tsoo°-koong-tuh, 做功德, nyan°-kyung, 念經.
Perhaps, khoong-pho°, 恐怕, °ok-tse°, 或者.
Permit, to, °hyui, 許.
Person, ih kuh nyung, 一個人.
Phrase, a, ih kyui° seh wo°, 一句說話.
Pheasant, a, ih tsak °ya-kyi, 一只野鷄.
Picul, a, ih tan°, 一担.
Piece, a, ih khwe°, 一塊, a whole ⸺ (dry goods), ih phih, 一疋, a ten cent ⸺, ih kauh, 一角.
Pig, a, ih tsak ts-loo, 一只猪獹.
Pigeon, a, ih tsak keh-°ts, 一只鴿子.
Pile, a heap, ih te, 一對.
Piled, one on top of another, dzaung, 幢.
Piles, tsaung, 樁, tsaung-mok, 樁木.
Pity, e-lien, 哀憐, within the range of ⸺, i° tuh-koo°, 意得過, beyond the range of ⸺, i°-’veh-koo°, 意勿過.
Place, di°-faung, 地方, dzang-hau°, 場化, han-deu, 壗頭, what ⸺? sa° di°-faung, 啥地方?
Place, to, °pa, 擺, faung°, 放, to be ⸺d in an embarrassing position, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
Plane, a, ih tsak bau°, 一只刨.
Plaster, to, fung, 粉.
Plate, a, ih tsak bung-°ts, 一只盆子.
Play, to, beh-siang, 孛相.
Please, °tshing, 請.
Point, tsien deu, 尖頭, at the ⸺ of, °kyi oo, 幾乎.
Point, to, °tien, 點, °ts-°tien, 指點.
Politeness, khak-chi°, 客氣.
Poor, joong, 窮, joong-°khoo, 窮苦.
Post office, sing-jok, 信局, su-sing°-°kwen, 書信館, yeu-tsung°-jok, 郵政局.
Pot, a tea ⸺, ih po dzo-‘oo, 一把茶壺.
Powder, gun, °hoo-yak, 火藥.
Power, authority, joen-ping, 權柄, ⸺, might, lih-liang°, 力量, ⸺, ability, nung-koen, 能幹, ⸺, strength, chi°-lih, 氣力.
Pray, to, jeu, 求.
Prayer, °tau-kau°, 禱告.
Preach, to, kaung-su, 講書.
Precious, °pau-pe°, 寶貝.
Prepare, to, yui°-be°, 預備.
Present, to, soong°, 送.
Pretty, tshui°, 趣, °hau-khoen°, 好看.
Price, ka°-dien, 價錢 ‘aung-dzing, 行情, what is the ⸺? sa° ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? to settle the ⸺,°kaung-ding°, 講定.
Priest, a Buddhist, ih kuh oo-zaung°, 一個和尙, a Taoist ⸺, ih kuh dau°-°z, 一個道士.
Proclamation, ih tsang kau°-°z, 一張告示, to put forth a ⸺, tsheh kau°-°z, 出告示.
Profit, iuh-tshu°, 益處, °hau-tshu°, 好處, to make a ⸺, dzan, 賺, ⸺s in business, dzan-deu, 賺頭.
Promise, iung°-°hyui, 應許.
Propriety, kwe-°kyui, 規矩.
Prosecute, to, ⸺ at law, °tang kwen-s, 打官司.
Protect, °pau-‘oo°, 保護, °pau-yeu°, 保佑.
Provide, to, yui°-be°, 預備.
Pupil, ih kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子.
Purposely, °yeu-i°, 有意, koo-i°, 故意.
Q
Quantity, a small ⸺, tien, 點.
Quarrel, to, siang-mo, 相罵.
Quarter, a ⸺ of an hour, ih khuh, 一刻.
Queue, ih diau bien-°ts, 一條辮子.
Quickly, ‘au-sau, 豪燥, khwa°-khwa°, 快快.
Quiet, to sit ⸺, °zoo-ding°, 坐定.
Quilt, a, ih diau °bi-deu, 一條被頭.
R
Railroad, a ⸺ carriage, ih boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車.
Rain, °yui, 雨.
Rain, to, lauh-°yui, 落雨.
Rat, a, ih tsak °lau-°ts, 一只老鼠, °lau-dzoong, 老蟲.
Raw, sang, 生.
Read, to, dok, 讀.
Receipt, seu-phiau°, 收票, seu-diau, 收條.
Receive, to, zeu, 受, to ⸺ payment, seu, to ⸺ payment for a lease, seu-tsoo, 收租, to ⸺ a guest, tsih-khak, 接客.
Recently, °jung-le, 近來.
Reckon, to, soen°, 算.
Recognize, nyung°-tuh, 認得.
Recreation, to take ⸺, beh-siang, 孛相.
Red, ‘oong, 紅.
Regret, to, au-lau, 懊佬, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
Reject, the°, 退, the°-theh, 退脫.
Relative (family), tshing-kyoen°, 親眷.
Relax, to ⸺ the mind, san°-sing, 散心.
Rely, to ⸺ upon, khau°, 靠, khau°-thauh, 靠托, thauh, 托.
Remember, to, kyi°, 記, kyi°-tuh, 記得.
Remove, to ⸺ a residence, pen, 搬, pen-dzang, 搬場.
Rent, to, tsoo, 租, tsia°, 借.
Repair, to, sieu, 修, sieu-tsauh, 修作.
Repairs, sieu-°li, 修理.
Repent, to, hwe°-°ke, 悔改.
Reply, we-wo°, 回話, we-sing, 回信, we-deu, 回頭.
Rest, to, hyih, 歇, hyih-sih, 歇息.
Return, to, °tsen-le, 轉來, °tsen-chi°, 轉去, kyui-le, 歸來, kyui-chi°, 歸去.
Revile, to, mo°, 罵, to ⸺ one another, siang-mo°, 相罵.
Rice, hulled, °mi, 米, growing ⸺, °dau, 稻, cooked ⸺, van°, 飯, to buy ⸺, dih °mi, 糴米.
Rich, to become ⸺, fah-dze, 發財.
Ricksha, a, ih boo toong-yang-tsho, 一部東洋車, ih boo waung-pau-tsho, 一部黃包車, a ⸺ coolie, tsho foo, 車夫.
Ride, ji, 騎, to ⸺ a horse, ji °mo, 騎馬, to ⸺ in a vehicle, °zoo-tsho-°ts, 坐車子, to ⸺ in a sedan chair, °zoo-jau°-°ts, 坐轎子.
Right (direction), yeu°, 右, ⸺ hand, yeu° °seu, 右手, ⸺ side, yeu° pien, 右邊.
Ripe, zok, 熟.
Rise, to ⸺ up, lok-°chi-le, 䟿起果, to ⸺ as the tide, tsang°, 漲.
River, a, ih diau kaung, 一條江.
Road, a, ih diau loo°, 一條路.
Robber, a, ih kuh °jang-°dau, 一個強盜.
Roll, to, °kwung, 滾, °kwung-‘au°-chi°, 滾下去.
Room, a, ih kan, 一間, guest ⸺, khak-vaung-kan, 客房間, bed ⸺, vaung-kan, 房間, shroff’s ⸺, tsang°-vaung-kan, 帳房間, dining ⸺, chuh-van°-kan, 吃飯間.
Root, kung, 根.
Rope, a, ih diau zung, 一條繩.
Rough, mau, 毛.
Round, yoen, 圆.
Row, classifier of things, da°, 埭, a ⸺ of trees, ih da° zu, 一埭樹.
Rumours, yau-yien, 謡言, to start a ⸺, zau-yau-yien, 造謠言.
Run, to ⸺, bau, 跑, to ⸺ (as water), lieu, 流, to ⸺ about, bau-le-bau-chi, 跑來跑去.
Russia, Ngoo-kok, 俄國.
Russian, ngoo-kok-nyung, 俄國人.
S
Safe, °‘wung-taung, 穩當.
Sail, a, ih sen° boong, 一扇蓬.
Sail, to, ‘ang zen, 行船, khe zen, 開船.
Sake, for the ⸺ of, we°, 爲, we°-ts, 爲之.
Salary, sok-sieu, 束修, sing-foong, 薪俸, sing-°soe, 薪水.
Salt (noun) yien, 鹽, (adj.), ‘an, 鹹.
Same, ih yang°, 一樣, siang-doong, 相同.
Satin, doen°-°ts, 緞子.
Saturday, °li-pa°-lok, 禮拜六.
Saucer, a, ih tsak dzo bung-°ts, 一只茶盆子.
Save, to, kyeu°, 救, to ⸺ life, kyeu°-ming°, 救命, to ⸺ time, °sang-koong-foo, 省功夫, to ⸺ money, °sang, 省, °sang doong-dien, 省銅錢, tsoo° nyung-ka, 做人家.
Saw, a, ih °po ke°-°ts, 一把鋸子, ka°, 解, zih, 截.
Say, to, wo°, 話, ⸺ to him, te° yi wo°, 對伊話, kau° soo° yi, 告訴伊, nothing to ⸺, m-sa° wo°-deu, 無啥話頭.
Scald, to, thaung°, 烫.
Scales, balance, thien-bing, 天平.
Scholar, ih kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子, a learned man, dok-su-nyung, 讀書人.
School, a, ih kuh ‘auh-daung, 一個學堂, to open ⸺, khe-‘auh, 開學, to dismiss ⸺, faung-‘auh, 放學.
Scissors, a pair of, ih po tsien-tau, 一把剪子.
Scorch, to, hyuin, 燻, tsiau, 焦.
Screen, a, ih sen° bing-foong, 一扇屏風.
Sea, °he, 海.
Seal, to ⸺ a letter, foong, 封.
Season, a, kyi°, 季, the four ⸺s, s°-kyi°, 四季.
Seat, a, zoo°-we°, 坐位, please take a ⸺, °tshing °zoo, 請坐.
Second, the, di° nyi°, 第二.
Secretly, ‘en°-‘en-°li, 暗喑裏, theu-ben°-ts, 倫伴之.
Secure, °‘wung-taung°, 穩當, bing-oen, 平安.
Sedan, a ⸺ chair, ih °ting jau°-°ts, 一頂轎子, a coolie, jau°-pan, 轎班, jau°-foo, 轎夫.
See, to, khoen, 看, khoen-kyien°, 看見.
Seek, to, zing, 尋.
Seize, to, tsauh, 捉, nau, 拿.
Self, z°-ka, 自家.
Sell, to, ma°, 賣, ma°-theh, 賣脫.
Send, to, soong, 送, to ⸺ a person, tsha, 差, to ⸺ a letter, kyi°, 寄.
Sentence, a, ih kyui° seh-wo°, 一句說話.
Separate, to, fung, 分, fung-khe, 分開, li-khe, 離開, fung-bih, 分別.
Servant, a, ih kuh yoong°-nyung, 一個用人.
Settle, to ⸺ the price, °kaung-ding°, 講定.
Seven, tshih, 七.
Seventy, tshih-seh, 七十.
Sew, to, ling, 紉.
Shall, iau°, 要, pih-iau°, 必要.
Shallow, °tshien, 淺.
Shameful, than-°tshoong, 攤寵.
Shanghai, °Zaung-°he, 上海.
Sharp, khwa°, 快.
Sharpen, to, moo, 磨.
She, yi, 伊.
Sheep, yang, 羊.
Sheet, a, ih diau °bi-tan, 一條被單, a ⸺ of paper, ih tsang °ts-deu, 一張紙頭.
Ship, zen, 船.
Shirting, a piece of, ih phih yang-poo°, 一疋洋布.
Shoes, a pair of, ih saung ‘a-°ts, 一雙鞋子.
Shoot, to ⸺ with a gun, faung°, 放, to ⸺ birds, °tang tiau, 打窵.
Shop, a, ih ban tien°, 一爿店, a tea ⸺, ih ban dzo-kwen°, 一爿茶館.
Shore, ngoen°, 岸, to go on ⸺, °zaung ngoen, 上岸.
Short, °toen, 短, a ⸺ time, ih hyih koong-foo, 一歇功夫.
Should, khau-°i, 可以, iung-ke, 應該.
Shroff, a, seu yang-dien kuh, 收洋鈿個, a ⸺’s room, ih kan tsang°-vaung-kan, 一間帳房間.
Shut, to, kwan, 關.
Sick, °yeu bing°, 有病.
Side, pien, 邊, pien-deu, 邊頭, baung-pien, 旁邊, right ⸺, yeu° pien, 右邊, left ⸺, tsi°-pien, 左邊.
Sign, a, kyi°-‘au°, 記號, ‘au°, 號.
Silk, s, 絲, dzeu, 綢.
Silver, nyung-°ts, 銀子.
Sin, °dzoe, 罪, °dzoe-nyih, 罪孽.
Since, kyi-zen, 旣然, °i-°‘eu, 以後, ⸺ it is so, kyi-zeu zeh-ke°, 旣然實蓋, ⸺ then, di°-kuh °i-°‘eu, 第個以後.
Single, tan, 單, dok, 獨.
Sink, to, dzung-°‘au-chi°, 沉下去.
Sister, older, ah-°tsi, 阿姊, younger ⸺, °tsi-me°, 姊妹, me°-me°, 妹妹.
Sit, to, °zoo, 坐, to ⸺ down, °zoo °zoo, 坐坐, to ⸺ quiet, °zoo-ding, 坐定.
Six, lok, 六.
Sixty, lok-seh, 六十.
Size, doo°-°siau, 大小.
Skin, bi, 皮.
Sky, thien, 天.
Slack, water, bing-°s, 平水.
Slander, to, wo°-°liau, 話𣩢, hwe°-°paung, 毀謗, wo°-°wa, 話壊.
Sleep, to, khwung°, 睏.
Slippery, wah, 滑.
Slow, man°, 慢, ⸺ly, man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, to walk ⸺, man°-man°-nung-°tseu, 慢慢能走.
Small, °siau, 小, very ⸺, ih ngan-ngan doo°, 一顏顏大, a ⸺ quantity of, tien, 點, °yeu-°yien, 有限, ⸺ money, °siau kauh-°ts, 小角子, °siau yang-dien, 小洋鈿.
Smash, to, se°, 碎, °tang-se°, 打碎, khau-se°, 敲碎.
Smoke, ien, 烟, to ⸺ meat, hyuin, 燻, to ⸺ tobacco, chuh-ien, 吃烟.
Smooth, kwaung, 光.
Snake, ih diau-zo, 一條蛇.
Snow, sih, 雪, lauh sih, 落雪.
So, zeh-ke, 實蓋, ⸺ that, °i-ts°, 以至, about ⸺, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
Soap, bi-zau°, 皮皂.
Socks, a pair of, ih saung mah, 一雙襪.
Soft, °nyoen, 軟.
Soldier, a, ih kuh ping-ting, 一個兵丁.
Some, °yeu kuh, 有個, °kyi-kuh, 幾個.
Somebody, °yeu nyung, 有人.
Somehow, dzoe-bien° na°-nung, 隨便那能.
Sometimes, dzang-z, 常時, °yeu kuh z-°eu, 有個時候.
Son, ih kuh nyi-°ts, 一個兒子, ih kuh ‘eu-°ts, 一個兒子, your ⸺, ling°-laung, 令郞, my ⸺, siau-noen, 小囝.
Soochow, Soo-tseu, 蘇州.
Soon, °tsau, 早, ’veh too ih-hyih, 勿多一歇.
Sorrow, ieu-dzeu, 憂愁.
Sort, ih yang, 一樣, ih le, 一類.
Sound, sung-iung, 聲音.
Soup, thaung, 湯.
South, nen, 南, ⸺ east, toong-nen, 東南, ⸺ west, si-nen, 西南.
Southern, nen-pien, 南邊.
Sparrow, ih tsak moo-tshiak, 一只麻雀, ih tsak moo-tshiang, 一只麻將.
Speak, to, wo°, 話, bak-wo°, 白話.
Spectacles, a pair of ⸺, ih foo° °ngan-kyung°, 一副眼鏡.
Split, to, phih, 劈.
Spoil, to, wa°, 壞, wa°-theh, 壞脫.
Spoon, ih °po tshau, 一把鈔.
Spring, tshung, 春, tshung-kyi°, 春季.
Square, faung, 方.
Squirrel, ih tsak soong-su° (tshu), 一只松鼠.
Stairs, voo-thi, 扶梯.
Stamp (postage), nyung-deu, 人頭, or yeu-phiau, 郵票.
Stand, to, lih, 立, ⸺ still, lih-ding°, 立定, ⸺ up, lih-chi-le, 立起來.
Star, ih kuh sing, 一個星.
Start, to commence, khe° °seu, 開手, to ⸺ on a journey, °doong-sung, 動身, to ⸺ a boat, khe° zen, 開船, to ⸺ a rumour, zau yau-yien, 造謠言, to ⸺ a fire, sang-°hoo, 生火.
Stay, to, tung-la°, 等拉, dzu, 住, to ⸺ with a person, be, 陪.
Steal, to, theu, 偷.
Steam, a ⸺ boat, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen, 一只火輪船.
Step, a, ih boo°, 一步.
Stick, a, ih kung °baung, 一根棒.
Still, yet, wan, 還, dzung-jeu°, 仍舊, ⸺ more, kung°-°ka, 更加, yoeh-°ka, 越加, ⸺ (not yet), wan-’veh-zun, 還勿曾.
Sting, to, ting, 叮.
Stitch, to, ling 紉, to take a ⸺, ling-ih-tsung, 紉一針.
Stockings, a pair of ⸺, ih saung mah, 一雙襪.
Stone, a, ih khwe° zak-deu, 一塊石頭, a ⸺ mason, ih kuh zak-ziang°, 一個石匠.
Stool, a, ih tsak ngeh-°ts, 一只杌子.
Stop, to, ding, 停, ⸺ a minute, ding-ih-ding, 停一停.
Story, classifier for stories of a house, dzung, 層.
Stove, a, ih tsak °hoo-loo, 一只火爐, a cooking ⸺ (foreign), ih tsak thih-tsau, 一只鐵竈, a cooking ⸺ (Chinese), ih tsak tsau-deu, 一只竈頭.
Street, ih diau ka, 一條街.
Strike, to, °tang, 打, khau, 敲, to ⸺ against, bang°-dzak, 碰着, to ⸺ a match, wak, 劃, to injure by ⸺ing, °tang-wa°, 打壞.
String, to (as cash), tshen, 穿.
Study, a, ih kan su-vaung, 一間書房, dok, 讀, dok su, 讀書.
Such, zek-ke, 實蓋.
Suddenly, hweh-zen, 忽然.
Suffer, to, °zeu-°khoo, 受苦, °zeu-nan°, 受難, to ⸺ an injury, °zeu-‘e°, 受害, to ⸺ a defeat, °tang-su, 打輸, °tang-ba°-tsang°, 打敗仗, °tang-ba° 打敗.
Sufficient, keu°-z°, 殼事, keu°-z°-tse, 殼事哉, °yeu-tse, 有哉.
Sugar, daung, 糖.
Summer, ‘au°, 夏, ‘au°-kyi, 夏季.
Sun, nyih-deu, 日頭.
Sunday, °li-pa°-nyih, 禮拜日.
Supper, ya°-van°, 夜飯.
Suppose, °khoong-pho, 恐怕.
Suppose, to, or to think, tau-nyung-ts, 倒認之.
Surprised, to be, hyi-ji, 希奇.
Swallow, a, ih tsak ien°-°ts, 一只燕子.
Sweet, dien, 甜.
Sword, a, ih °po tau, 一把刀.
T
Table, a, ih tsak de-°ts, 一只檯子, a dining ⸺, chuh-van° de-°ts, 吃飯檯子, a ⸺ boy, ih kuh si°-tse°, 一個西崽.
Tablet, a Chinese ink ⸺, ih kuh nyien-°ts, 一個硯池, ih kuh nyien-de, 一個硯台.
Tailor, ih kuh ze-voong, 一個裁縫.
Take, to, tan, 担, nau, 拿, to ⸺ (by force), tshiang, 搶, tshiang-doeh, 搶奪, to ⸺ away, tan-chi, 担去, nau-chi, 拿去, to ⸺ off (remove), nau-theh, 拿脫, to ⸺ off (clothes), thoeh, 脫, thoeh-thoeh, 脫脫, to ⸺ off (hat), dzu, 除, to ⸺ hold of, nyah, 揑, to ⸺ with one, ta°-chi, 帶去, to ⸺ care, °taung-sing, 當心, °siau-sing, 小心, to ⸺ great care, too° °taung-sing, 多當心, to ⸺ a wife, °thau nyang-°ts, 討娘子.
Talk, to, wo°, 話, bak-wo°, 白話, to ⸺ to, te° (yi) wo°, 對(伊)話.
Tall, dzang, 長.
Taoist, a ⸺ priest, dau°-°z, 道士, a ⸺ idol or god, ih tsung zung-dau, 一尊神道.
Tea, dzo, 茶, a box of ⸺, ih siang dzo-yih, 一箱茶葉, a ⸺ shop, ih ban dzo-kwen, 一爿茶館, ih po° dzo-°oo, 一把茶壺.
Teach, to, kau°, 敎, a ⸺er, ih kuh sien-sang, 一個先生.
Tell, to, kau°-soo°, 告訴.
Temperature, °lang-nyih, 冷熱.
Temple, ih zoo° miau, 一座廟.
Ten, zeh, 十, a ⸺ cent piece, ih kauh, 一角.
Texture, tshoo-si°, 粗細.
Than, °pi, 比, more ⸺, ’veh °ba, 勿罷.
Thank, to, zia, 謝.
That, i-kuh, 伊個.
Thee, noong°, 儂.
Their, theirs, yi-la°-kuh, 伊拉個.
Them, yi-la°, 伊拉.
Then, nan-meh, 難末.
There, leh-la, 垃拉, i-deu, 伊頭, i-khwe°, 伊塊, ⸺ is, yeu, 有.
Therefore, °soo-i, 所以, keh-lau, 蓋佬.
These, di-kuh, 第個.
They, yi-la°, 伊拉.
Thick, (not thin), °‘eu, 厚.
Thickness, °‘eu-bok, 厚薄.
Thief, ih kuh zuh, 一個賊.
Thin, bok, 薄, ⸺ (in reference to person) seu, 瘦.
Thine, noong°-kuh, 儂個.
Thing (concrete), ih kuh meh-z°, 一個物事, ⸺ (an affair), z°-°thi, 事體, ⸺s of every sort, yaug°-yang°, 樣樣.
Think, to, °siang, 想.
Thirty, san-seh, 三十.
This, di°-kuh, 第個.
Those, i-kuh, 伊個.
Thou, noong°, 儂.
Though, soe-zen, 雖然.
Thought, i°-s°, 意思.
Thousand, ih tshien, 一千.
Thread, a, sien, 線, to ⸺ a needle, tshen °yung-sien°, 穿引線.
Three, san, 三.
Through, koo, 過.
Throw, to, tieu, 丢.
Thursday, °li-pa°-s°, 禮拜四.
Thus, zeh-ke°, 實蓋, zeh-ke°-nung, 實蓋能.
Thy, noong°-kuh, 儂個.
Tide, dzau, 潮, dzau-°s, 潮水, ⸺ flowing in, tsang°-°s, 漲水, ⸺ flowing out, lauh-°s, 落水.
Tie, to, vok, 縛, to ⸺ (a small parcel), tsah, 糺, to ⸺ up, paung, 綁, to ⸺ firmly, vok lau, 縛牢, vok lau dzu°, 縛牢住.
Tiger, ih tsak °lau-°hoo, 一只老虎.
Timber, a pile of ⸺, ih te mok-deu, 一堆木頭.
Time, z-‘eu°, 時候, zung-kwaung, 晨光, koong-foo, 功夫, what —?, °kyi °tien-tsoong, 幾點鐘, a long ⸺, dzang-°yoen, 長遠, dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, ta-z-tse, 多時哉.
Tin, sih, 錫.
Tired, sa-doo, 弛瘏.
To, tau°, 到, say ⸺ him, te yi wo°, 對伊話, give (it) ⸺ me, peh ngoo, 撥我, ⸺ and fro, le-le chi°-chi°, 來來去去, ⸺ no purpose, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
Tobacco, ien, 烟.
To-day, kyung-tsau, 今朝.
Toe, a, ih tsak kyak-tsih-deu, 一只脚指頭.
Together, da ka, 大家, ih dau, 一淘, ih doong, 一同.
To-morrow, ming-tsau, 明朝.
Tongue, zeh-deu, 舌頭.
To-night, kyung-ya°, 今夜.
Too, thuh, 忒.
Tools, a set of, ih foo ka°-sang, 一副傢生.
Touch, to, mok, 摸.
Towards, tau°, 到.
Towel, ih diau °seu-kyung, 一條手巾.
Town, dzung, 城.
Travel, to, ‘ang, 行.
Treat, °de, 待, to ⸺ rudely, de°-man°, 待慢.
Tree, a, ih khoo zu°, 一棵樹.
Tricky, diau°-bi, 調皮.
Trousers, khoo°-°ts, 褲子.
True, tsung, 眞,°lau-zeh, 老實.
Truly, zeh-dze, 實在.
Trunk, a, ih tsak siang-°ts, 一只箱子.
Trust, to, khau°, 靠, thauh, 託, worthy to be ⸺ed, khau°-tuh-dzu, 靠得住, unworthy to be ⸺ed, khau°-’veh-dzu, 靠勿住.
Try, to, s°-s°-khoen, 試試看.
Tub, doong, 桶.
Tubular, classifier for ⸺ things, kwen, 管.
Tuesday, °li-pa°-nyi°, 禮拜二.
Turn, to, tsen, 轉, zien-°tsen-le, 旋轉來, to ⸺ over, fan, 翻, fan °tsen-le, 翻轉來, to ⸺ around, zien, 旋, zien °tsen le, 旋轉來.
Twelve, zeh-nyi°, 十二.
Twenty, nyan°, 廿.
Twice, °liang-we, 兩回, °liang-thaung, 兩 [C3].
Two, nyi°, 二 °liang, 兩.
U
Ugly, pho°, 怕, pho°-le, 怕來.
Umbrella, an, ih po° san°, 一把傘.
Unable, ’veh nung-keu, 勿能殻.
Under, ti-°‘au, 底下.
Understand, to, °toong, 懂, ming-bak, 明白, °hyau-tuh, 曉得.
Universal, °phoo-thien-°‘au, 普天下, ‘eh-thien-°‘au, 合天下.
Unmarried, an ⸺ woman, °siau-tsia, 小姐.
Unripe, sang, 生.
Unroll, to, than-khe-le, 攤開來.
Unstable, °doong °lau °doong, 動佬動.
Until, dzuh-tau°, 直到, °tung-tau°, 等到.
Up, °zaung, 上.
Upon, la° laung°, 拉上.
Upset, °tang-fan, 打翻.
Us, °ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, nyi°, 伲.
Use, to, yoong°, 用.
Useful, °yeu yoong°-deu, 有用頭.
Useless, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
V
Vain, in ⸺, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
Value, (price), ka°-dien, 價錢.
Variegated (colours), °ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顏六色.
Vegetables, tshe°, 菜, ⸺ (served on table), °siau-tshe°, 小菜.
Vegetation (general), hwo-°tshau-zu°-mok, 花草樹木.
Venerable, °lau, 老.
Very, ’man, 蠻, tsoe, 最, °ting, 頂.
Victory, to gain a ⸺, °tang-sung°-tsang, 打勝仗, °tang-yung, 打赢.
Visit, to, maung°, 望, pa° maung°, 拜望, to return a ⸺, we pa°, 回拜, wan pa°, 還拜, to pay ceremonial ⸺, pa° khak, 拜客.
Visitor, a, ih we khak-nyung, 一位客人.
W
Wages, koong-dien, 工錢.
Wait, to, °tung, 等, ⸺ a minute, °tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, hyih-ih-liyih, 歇一歇, °tung-ih-hyih, 等一歇.
Walk, to, °tseu, 走, °tseu-loo°, 走路, to ⸺ slowly, man°-man°-ts-tseu°, 慢慢之走.
Wall, ziang, 墻, build a ⸺, tshi°, 砌, tshi° ziang, 砌墻.
Want, to, iau°, 要.
Warm, °noen-nyih, 暖熱.
Wash, to, zing, 淨, to ⸺ the face, kha mien°, 揩面.
Washbasin, or bowl, a, ih tsak mien°-bung, 一只面盆.
Washerman, zing°-i-zaung-kuh, 淨衣裳個, da°-i-zaung-kuh, 汏衣裳個.
Washstand, ih tsak kha-mien° de-°ts, 一只揩而檯子.
Waste, to, saung, 喪, fi, 費, fi-theh, 費脫.
Watch, a, ih tsak piau, 一只錶.
Water, °s, 水, a bucket of ⸺, ih doong °s, 一桶水, boiling ⸺, khe °s, 開水, hot ⸺, nyih °s, 熱水, cold ⸺, °lang °s, 冷水, a ⸺ buffalo, ih tsak °s-nyeu, 一只水牛.
Way, loo, 路.
We, °ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, nyi°, 伲.
Wear, to, tsak, 着, to ⸺ a hat, ta° mau-°ts, 戴帽子.
Weasel, ih tsak waung-laung, 一只黃狼.
Wednesday, °li-pa°-san, 禮拜三.
Week, a, ih °li-pa°, 一禮拜.
Weigh, to, tshung, 稱.
Weight, chung-dzoong, 輕重.
Welcome, to, (guest), nyung-tsih, 迎接.
Well a, ih °kheu °tsing, 一口井, hau, 好.
West, the, si, 西, si-pien, 西邊.
Wet, sak, 濕.
What, sa°, 啥, sa°-kuh, 啥個, na°-nung, 那能, ⸺ is the matter? sa°-z°-°thi, 啥事體? ⸺ is the price? sa° ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? ⸺ is your honorable name? tsung-sing° da°-ming, 尊姓大名? ⸺ is your honorable age? kwe°-kang too-°sau, 貴庚多少? °kyi-hau° kwe°-kang, 幾化貴庚?
Whatever, whatsoever, ’veh lung° sa°, 勿論啥, dzoe-bien° sa°, 随便啥,’veh kyui-sa°, 勿拘啥, ⸺ time you please, dzoe bien° kyi-z, 隨便幾時.
Wheat, mak, 麥.
Wheelbarrow, a, ih boo tsho-°ts, 一部車子, °siau-tsho, 小車.
When, °kyi-z, 幾時, sa° z-‘eu°, 啥時候.
Whence, ‘a-li, 那裏, sa°-di°-faung, 啥地方, sa° dzang-hau°, 啥場化, sa° °‘oo-daung°, 啥戶蕩.
Which, °‘a-li, 那裏, °soo, 所.
Whichever, dzoe-bien°, 隨便.
White, bak, 白.
Who, sa° nyung? 啥人, (relative), °soo, 所.
Whole, the ⸺ of a thing, ih tshih, 一切.
Whosoever, van-i°, 凡係.
Why, we°-sa, 爲啥, we°-sa°-°lau, 爲啥佬.
Wicked, auh, 惡.
Wide, khweh, 闊.
Wife, to marry a ⸺, °thau-nyang-°ts, 討娘子, a husband and ⸺, ih te° foo-tshi, 一對夫妻.
Will, the, °tsu-°i, 主意, ⸺, auxiliary, iau°, 要, tsiang-iau°, 將要.
Willing, to be, °khung, 肯.
Wind, foong, 風.
Window, a, ih sen° tshaung, 一扇窗.
Wine, °tsieu, 酒, a ⸺ shop, ih ban °tsieu-°tien, 一爿酒店.
Winter, toong, 冬.
Wipe, to, kha, 揩.
Wise, tshoong-ming, 聴明.
Wish, to, iau°, 要.
With, tah, 搭, doong, 同, ih dau, 一淘.
Wolf, ih tsak za-laung, 一只豺狼.
Woman, °nyui-nyung, 女人, unmarried ⸺, °siau-tsia, 小姐.
Wonder, to, hyi-ji, 希奇.
Wood, mok-deu, 木頭.
Word, seh-wo°, 說話, wo°-deu, 話頭.
Work, koong-foo, 功夫, sang-weh, 生活, to commence ⸺, °doong-°seu, 動手, khe-kong, 開工, tsoo sang-weh, 做生活.
Worship, to, pa°, 拜.
Wound, to, °tang-saung, 打傷, to be ⸺ed, °zeu-saung, 受傷.
Write, to, °sia, 寫.
Y
Ye, na°, 㑚.
Year, a, ih nyien, 一年, half a ⸺, pen-nyien, 半年, this ⸺, kyung-nyien, 今年, last ⸺, °jeu nyien, 舊年, next ⸺, khe-nyien, 開年, ming-nyien, 明年, le-nyien, 來年, New ⸺, sing-nyien, 新年, New ⸺’s day, nyien tshoo ih, 年初一, every ⸺, nyien-nyien, 年年, °’me-nyien, 每年, the end of the ⸺, nyien-ya°, 年夜, nyien-°ti, 年底, at the beginning of the ⸺, nyieu deu laung, 年頭上, to pass from the old ⸺ to the new, koo-nyien, 過年.
Yellow, waung, 黃.
Yes, °z-kuh, 是個.
Yesterday, zau° nyih, 昨日, day before ⸺, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i-nyih-°ts, 伊日子.
Yet, dzung-jeu, 仍舊, not ⸺, ’veh zung, 勿曾, still not ⸺, wan ’veh zung 還勿曾.
You, noong°, 儂, (pl.), na°, 㑚.
Your, yours, noong-kuh, 儂個, (pl.), na°-kuh, 㑚個.

CHINESE-ENGLISH VOCABULARY

ENGLISH-CHINESE VOCABUARY

Transcriber's Notes