William the Conqueror and the Rule of the Normans

by F. M. Stenton

W

• Walcher of Lorraine, [351]
• —— bishop of Durham, [324]
• —— earl of Northumbria, [342], [343]
• —— murder of, [352], [416]
• Waleran, brother of Guy, count of Ponthieu, [115]
• Waleran, count of Meulan, [75]
• Wales, [432]
• —— expedition into, [353], [354]
• Wallingford, [220]
• Walter Giffard, [102], [167], [408]
• Walter de Lacy, [333]
• Walter of Mantes, [129], [131], [135], [368]
• Walter Tirel, [170]
• Waltham, minster of, [207]
• Waltheof, earl of Huntingdon, [60], [231], [261], [295], [302], [345], [414]
• —— submits at Barking, [234]
• —— accompanies William to Normandy, [244]
• —— joins Danish attack on York, [273], [274]
• —— submits by the Tees, [282]
• —— created earl of Northumbria, [325]
• —— disaffection of (1075), [329]-332
• —— condemnation and execution, [336]-340
• Warwick, [264]
• —— earldom of, [167]
• Watling Street, [13], [420]
• Wearmouth, [321]
• Wedmore, treaty of, [25]
• Westminster, [157], [251], [287], [364]
• —— abbey of, [225], [260], [261]
• —— charters relating to, [229], [230]
• Wharfe, river, [176], [177]
• Wight, Isle of, [54], [172], [356], [366]
• Wigod of Wallingford, [169]
• William, duke of Aquitaine, [119]
• William, count of Arques, [70], [71], [96]
• —— revolt of, [101]-105
• William Busac, [96]
• —— revolt of, [99], [100]
• William, count of Eu, [70]
• William, count of Evreux, [314]
• William of Jumièges, chronicler, [65], [69], [381]
• William Malet, [269], [275]
• William of Malmesbury, historian, [382]
• William de Montgomery, [72]
• William, count of Mortain, [97]-99
• William de Moulins, [314]
• William I. (Longsword), duke of Normandy, [27], [28]
• William II., duke of Normandy and king of England, [4], [5], [7], [9], [25], [37], [40], [48], [56];
  • birth of, [63], [64];
  • recognised as heir of Normandy, [70], [71];
  • minority of, [72]-80;
  • ward of King Henry I., [73], [74];
  • in war of Tillières, [76]-80;
  • suppresses revolt of 1047, [80]-88;
  • besieges Brionne, [85], [86];
  • supports Henry I. against Geoffrey Martel, [90];
  • captures Domfront and Alençon, [91]-95;
  • banishes William, count of Mortain, [97]-99;
  • suppresses revolt of William Busac, [99], [100];
  • suppresses revolt of William of Arques, [101]-105;
  • marries Matilda of Flanders, [105]-110;
  • resists invasion of 1054, [110]-117;
  • concludes peace with King Henry I., [116], [117];
  • founds Breteuil, [117];
  • engages in war of Ambrières, [118]-120;
  • founds Roche-Mabille, [120];
  • defeats invasion of 1058, [120]-123;
  • wins battle of Varaville, [122], [123];
  • receives commendation of Herbert II. of Maine, [118], [130];
  • invasion and conquest of Maine, [132]-135;
  • takes possession of Le Mans, [133], [134];
  • illness of, [136], [137];
  • engages in Breton campaign of 1064, [137]-139;
  • relief of Dol and siege of Dinan, [139], [140];
  • position of, at close of 1064, [140]-142;
  • first visit to England, [146];
  • claim to English throne, [150]-152;
  • receives oath from Harold, earl of Wessex, [153]-157;
  • negotiations with foreign powers, [160];
  • submits his cause to the pope, [161]-163;
  • gathers an army, [164], [165], [168];
  • and fleet, [165]-168;
  • demands fulfilment of Harold’s oath, [170];
  • receives Earl Tostig, [172];
  • preparations for the invasion of England, [180], [181];
  • delayed at the Dive estuary, [182], [183];
  • at St. Valery, [183], [184];
  • voyage to England, [185];
  • lands at Pevensey, [185], [186];
  • builds castles at Pevensey and Hastings, [187], [188];
  • devastations in Sussex, [188];
  • receives a message from Harold, [189], [190];
  • battle of Hastings, [195]-206;
  • generalship of, [197], [198];
  • moves out of Hastings to the English position, [199];
  • details of battle, [200]-206;
  • causes Harold’s burial on the shore of Hastings, [207];
  • takes quarters at Hastings, [211];
  • march on London, [215]-219;
  • burns Southwark, [219], [220];
  • crosses Thames at Wallingford, [220];
  • receives submission of English leaders, [221], [222];
  • receives offer of the crown, [222], [223];
  • dealings with “Esegar” the Staller, [224], [225];
  • coronation, [225], [226];
  • builds Tower of London, [227];
  • extent of his authority 1066–7, [230], [231];
  • at Barking, [227], [233], [234];
  • grants charter to citizens of London, [240], [241];
  • visits Normandy, [241], [243]-246;
  • return, [246];
  • suppresses revolt of Exeter, [253]-257;
  • progress in Cornwall, [259], [260];
  • at Westminster for Matilda’s coronation, [260];
  • northern campaign of 1068, [262]-266;
  • receives submission of Malcolm III., [265], [266];
  • appoints Robert de Comines earl of Northumbria, [267];
  • second visit to York, [269];
  • in forest of Dean, [272];
  • march on Lindsey, [275], [276];
  • at Stafford, [276], [277];
  • at Nottingham, [278];
  • at Pontefract, [278], [279];
  • harrying of Northumbria, [279]-281, [286], [287];
  • Christmas feast at York, [282];
  • march to the Tees and return to York, [282], [283];
  • march to Chester, [283]-285;
  • agreement with Earl Asbiorn, [285];
  • campaign of Ely, [297]-299;
  • relations with Robert the Frisian, [306], [307];
  • suppression of Mancel rising, [312], [313];
  • campaign of La Flèche, [313], [314];
  • concludes peace of Blanchelande, [314]-317;
  • relations with Malcolm III., [317]-323;
  • treaty of Abernethy, [323];
  • creation of earldom of Richmond, [324];
  • dealings with Edgar the Etheling, [325]-327;
  • relations with, and condemnation of, Earl Waltheof, [336]-340;
  • engages in Breton war of 1076, [341], [342];
  • last phase of reign, its character, [344], [345];
  • relations with Robert, [345], [346], [348]-350;
  • campaign of Gerberoi, [347], [348];
  • movements during 1080, [351];
  • expedition into Wales, [353], [354];
  • arrest of Odo of Bayeux, [355]-358;
  • death of Queen Matilda, [358], [359];
  • campaign of St. Suzanne, [359]-361;
  • prepares for a Scandinavian invasion, [363], [364];
  • takes Oath of Salisbury, [364]-366;
  • last departure from England, [366];
  • campaign of Mantes, [368], [369];
  • mortal injury of, [369];
  • illness of, [370]-373;
  • disposition of inheritance, [371];
  • release of prisoners, [372];
  • death, [373];
  • burial, [374], [375];
  • ecclesiastical ideas of, [376]-378, [381];
  • reform of English church, [388]-402;
  • relations with the Curia, [402], [403];
  • administrative changes introduced by,—see under [castles], [Commune Concilium], [Curia Regis], [earldoms], [fyrd], [knight service], [private jurisdiction], [sheriffs], [writs];
  • orders taking of Domesday Inquest, [457]
• William II., king of England, [219], [233], [369], [371]
• William fitz Osbern, earl of Hereford, [93], [117], [230], [231], [261], [269], [287], [328], [414], [425]-427, [433], [492]
• —— contributes to fleet, [166]
• —— regent of England, [243], [246], [415]
• —— death, [306]
• William Peverel, [451]
• William of Poitiers, biographer, [90], [381]
• William, archbishop of Rouen, [403], [404]
• William de Warenne, [243], [397]
• Wimund, commander of Moulins, [105]
• Winchelsea, [251]
• Winchester, [218], [219], [254], [260], [269], [277], [282], [337], [364], [419]
• Witanagemot, [17], [20]
• —— nature of, [410]-414
• Woodstock (Oxfordshire), [420]
• Worcestershire, [333], [426]
• Writs, the king’s, [168], [254], [420], [421]
• —— early Anglo-Norman, [227]-231
• Wulf, son of King Harold, [372]
• Wulfnoth, son of Earl Godwine, [212], [372]
• Wulfstan, bishop of Worcester, [230], [333], [391]
• Wulfwig, bishop of Dorchester, [232]
• Wyce, valley of, [354]

Y

• York, [49], [171], [177], [190], [191], [252], [254], [262]-265, [268], [269], [273]-275, [279], [282]-285
• —— church of, [335], [385]
• —— kingdom of, [7]

Footnotes

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[1]. From the Catalogue of English Coins in the British Museum, Anglo-Saxon Series.

[2]. From the Traité de Numismatique du Moyen Age, by Arthur Engel and Raymond Serrure.

[3]. From the Handbook of the Coins of Great Britain and Ireland in British Museum.

[4]. The boundary of the Danelaw in its full extent is proved by certain twelfth-century lists of shires which divide England into “Westsexenelage,” “Mirchenelage,” and “Danelage.” With regard to earlier times, the territory of the Five Boroughs is delimited by the fiscal peculiarities described below (Chapter XII.), and the kingdom of Northumbria substantially corresponds with Yorkshire as surveyed in Domesday Book, but it is very uncertain how far Guthrum’s kingdom extended westward after his final peace with Alfred. London was annexed to Wessex, but the boundary does not seem to have coincided in any way with the later county divisions.