[7] Loraca, 1582, translated in Blair and Robertson, op. cit., Vol. V, p. 105.
[8] Laufer, Relations of the Chinese to the Philippine Islands (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. I, pp. 256, et seq.)
[9] Cole and Laufer, Chinese Pottery in the Philippines (Field Museum of Natural History, Vol. XII, No. 1).
[10] Blair and Robertson, op. cit., Vol. XVII, p. 285; also III, p. 73, note; V, p. 109; XV, p. 51.
[11] Blair and Robertson, op. cit., Vol. XXXIV, pp. 287, et seq.
[12] Colin (Labor Evangelica, Chap. IV, Madrid 1663), calls the Manguian of Mindoro and the Zambal, Tingues. Morga, Chirino, and Ribera also use the same name for the natives of Basilan, Bohol, and Mindanao (see Blair and Robertson, op cit., Vols. IV, p. 300; X, p. 71; XIII, pp. 137,205). Later writers have doubtless drawn on these accounts to produce the weird descriptions sometimes given of the Tinguian now under discussion. It is said (op. cit., Vol. XL, p. 97, note) that the radical ngian, in Pampanga, indicates “ancient,” a meaning formerly held in other Philippine languages, and hence Tinguian would probably mean “old or ancient, or aboriginal mountain dwellers.”
[13] Reyes, Historia de Ilocos, p. 151 (Manila, 1890), also Filipinas articulos varios, p. 345 (Manila, 1887); Blair and Robertson, op. cit., Vol. XIV, pp. 158–159; Vol. XXVIII, p. 167.
[14] Blair and Robertson, op. cit., Vol. XXVIII, p. 158.
[15] Antonio Mozo, Noticia histórico-natural (Madrid, 1763), in Blair and Robertson, Vol. XLVIII, p. 69.
[16] These were: Tayum 1803; Pidigan 1823; La Paz and San Gregorio 1832; Bukay (Labon) 1847. For further details of this mission see Villacorta, Breve resumen de los progresos de la Religion Catolica en la admirable conversion de los indios Igorotes y Tinguianes (Madrid, 1831).