The works of Francis Maitland Balfour, Volume 3 (of 4)

by Francis M. Balfour

(561) B. Afanassiew. “Ueber Bau u. Entwicklung d. Thymus d. Säugeth.” Archiv f. mikr. Anat. Bd. XIV. 1877.
(562) Fr. Boll. Das Princip d. Wachsthums. Berlin, 1876.
(563) E. Gasser. “Die Entstehung d. Cloakenöffnung bei Hühnerembryonen.” Archiv f. Anat. u. Physiol., Anat. Abth. 1880.
(564) A. Götte. Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte d. Darmkanals im Hühnchen. 1867.
(565) W. Müller. “Ueber die Entwickelung der Schilddrüse.” Jenaische Zeitschrift, Vol. VI. 1871.
(566) W. Müller. “Die Hypobranchialrinne d. Tunicaten.” Jenaische Zeitschrift, Vol. VII. 1872.
(567) S. L. Schenk. “Die Bauchspeicheldrüse d. Embryo.” Anatomischphysiologische Untersuchungen. 1872.
(568) E. Selenka. “Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte d. Luftsäcke d. Huhns.” Zeit. f. wiss. Zool. 1866.
(569) L. Stieda. Untersuch. üb. d. Entwick. d. Glandula Thymus, Glandula thyroidea, u. Glandula carotica. Leipzig, 1881.
(570) C. Fr. Wolff. “De formatione intestinorum.” Nov. Comment. Akad. Petrop. 1766.
(571) H. Wölfler. Ueb. d. Entwick. u. d. Bau d. Schilddrüse. Berlin, 1880.
Vide also Kölliker ([298]), Götte ([296]), His ([232] and [297]), Foster and Balfour ([295]), Balfour ([292]), Remak ([302]), Schenk ([303]), etc.

Teeth.

(572) T. H. Huxley. “On the enamel and dentine of teeth.” Quart. J. of Micros. Science, Vol. III. 1855.
(573) R. Owen. Odontography. London, 1840-1845.
(574) Ch. S. Tomes. Manual of dental anatomy, human and comparative. London, 1876.
(575) Ch. S. Tomes. “On the development of teeth.” Quart. J. of Micros. Science, Vol. XVI. 1876.
(576) W. Waldeyer. “Structure and development of teeth.” Stricker’s Histology. 1870.
Vide also Kölliker ([298]), Gegenbaur ([294]), Hertwig ([306]), etc.

[278] Wölfler (No. [571]) states that in the Pig and Calf the thyroid body is formed as a pair of epithelial vesicles, which are developed as outgrowths of the walls of the first pair of visceral clefts. He attempts to explain the contradictory observations of other embryologists by supposing that they have mistaken the ventral ends of visceral pouches for an unpaired outgrowth of the throat. Stieda (No. [569]) also states that in the Pig and Sheep the thyroid arises as a paired body from the epithelium of a pair of visceral clefts, at a much later period than would appear from the observations of His and Kölliker. In view of the comparative development of this organ it is difficult to accept either Wölfler’s or Stieda’s account. Wölfler’s attempt to explain the supposed errors of his predecessors is certainly not capable of being applied in the case of Elasmobranch Fishes, or of Petromyzon; and I am inclined to think that the method of investigation by transverse sections, which has been usually employed, is less liable to error than that by longitudinal sections which he has adopted.

[279] For details on these organs vide Kölliker, Entwicklungsgeschichte, p. 881.

[280] H. Eisig, “Ueb. d. Vorkommen eines schwimmblasenähnlichen Organs bei Anneliden.” Mittheil. a. d. zool. Station z. Neapel, Vol. II. 1881.

INDEX TO VOLUME III.

[A]

[B]

[C]

[D]

[E]

[F]

[G]

[H]

[I]

[J]

[K]

[L]

[M]

[N]

[O]

[P]

[Q]

[R]

[S]

[T]

[U]

[V]

[W]

[Y]

[Z]

• Abdominal muscles, [675]
• Abdominal pore, [626], [749]
• Acipenser, development of, [102];
  • affinities of, [118];
  • comparison of gastrula of, [279];
  • pericardial cavity of, [627];
• Actinotrocha, [373]
• Air-bladder of Teleostei, [77];
  • Lepidosteus, [117];
  • blood supply of, [645];
  • general account of, [763];
  • homologies of, [766];
• Alciope, eye of, [480]
• Alisphenoid region of skull, [569]
• Alimentary canal and appendages, development of, [754]
• Alimentary tract of Ascidia, [18];
  • Molgula, [22];
  • Pyrosoma, [24];
  • Salpa, [31];
  • Elasmobranchii, [52];
  • Teleostei, [75];
  • Petromyzon, [93], [97];
  • Acipenser, [110];
  • Amphibia, [129], [136];
  • Chick, [167];
  • respiratory region of, [754];
  • temporary closure of oesophageal region of, [759];
• Allantois, development of in Chick, [191], [198];
  • blood-vessels of in Chick, [193];
  • Lacerta, [205], [209];
  • early development of in Rabbit, [229];
  • of Guinea-pig, [264];
  • origin of, [309].
  • _See also_ ‘Placenta’ and ‘Bladder’
• Alternation of generations in Ascidians, origin of, [35];
  • in Botryllus, [35];
  • Pyrosoma, [36];
  • Salpa, [36];
  • Doliolum, [36];
• Alytes, branchial chamber of, [136];
  • yolk-sack of, [139];
  • branchiæ, [141];
  • Müllerian duct of, [710];
• Amblystoma, ovum of, [120];
  • larva of, [142], [143];
• Amia, ribs of, [561]
• Ammocoetes, [95];
  • metamorphosis of, [97];
  • eye of, [498];
• Amnion, early development of in Chick, [185];
  • later history of in Chick, [196];
  • Lacerta, [204], [210];
  • Rabbit, [229];
  • origin of, [307], [309];
• Amphibia, development of, [120];
  • viviparous, [121];
  • gastrula of, [277];
  • suctorial mouth of, [317];
  • cerebellum of, [426];
  • infundibulum of, [431];
  • pineal gland of, [433];
  • cerebrum of, [439];
  • olfactory lobes of, [444];
  • nares of, [553];
  • notochord and its sheath, [548];
  • vertebral column of, [554];
  • ribs of, [561];
  • branchial arches of, [574];
  • mandibular and hyoid arches of, [582];
  • columella of, [582];
  • pectoral girdle of, [605];
  • pelvic girdle of, [607];
  • limbs of, [619];
  • heart of, [638];
  • arterial system of, [645];
  • venous system of, [655];
  • excretory system of, [707];
  • vasa efferentia of, [711];
  • liver of, [769];
  • postanal gut of, [774];
  • stomodæum of, [778];
• Amphiblastula larva of Porifera, [344]
• Amphioxus, development of, [1];
  • gastrula of, [275];
  • formation of mesoblast of, [292];
  • development of notochord of, [293];
  • head of, [314];
  • spinal nerves of, [461];
  • olfactory organ of, [462];
  • venous system of, [651];
  • transverse abdominal muscle of, [673];
  • generative cells of, [748];
  • liver of, [769];
  • postanal gut of, [772];
  • stomodæum of, [777];
• Amphistylic skulls, [578]
• Angular bone, [594]
• Anterior abdominal vein, [653]
• Anura, development of, [121];
  • epiblast of, [125];
  • mesoblast of, [128];
  • notochord of, [128];
  • hypoblast of, [129];
  • general growth of embryo of, [131];
  • larva of, [134];
  • vertebral column of, [556];
  • mandibular arch of, [584];
• Anus of Amphioxus, [7];
  • Ascidia, [18];
  • Pyrosoma, [28];
  • Salpa, [31];
  • Elasmobranchii, [57];
  • Amphibia, [130], [132];
  • Chick, [167];
  • primitive, [324];
• Appendicularia, development of, [34]
• Aqueductus vestibuli, [519]
• Aqueous humour, [497]
• Arachnida, nervous system of, [409];
  • eye of, [481];
• Area, embryonic, of Rabbit, [218];
  • epiblast of, [219];
  • origin of embryo from, [228];
  • area opaca of Chick, [150];
  • epiblast, hypoblast, and mesoblast of, [159];
  • area pellucida of Chick, [150];
  • of Lacerta, [202] area vasculosa of Chick, [194];
  • mesoblast of, [160];
  • of Lizard, [209];
  • Rabbit, [228], [229];
• Arteria centralis retinæ, [503]
• Arterial system of Petromyzon, [97];
  • constitution of in embryo, [643];
  • of Fishes, [644];
  • of Amphibia, [645];
  • of Amniota, [647];
• Arthropoda, head of, [313];
  • nervous system of, [409];
  • eye of, [480];
  • excretory organs of, [688];
• Articular bone of Teleostei, [581];
  • of Sauropsida, [588];
• Ascidia, development of, [9]
• Ascidians. _See_ ‘Tunicata’
• Ascidiozooids, [25]
• Atrial cavity of Amphioxus, [7];
  • Ascidia, [18];
  • Pyrosoma, [24];
• Atrial pore of Amphioxus,[7];
  • Ascidia, [20];
  • Pyrosoma, [28];
  • Salpa, [32];
• Auditory capsules, ossifications in, [595], [596]
• Auditory involution of Elasmobranchii, [57];
  • Teleostei, [73];
  • Petromyzon, [89], [92];
  • Acipenser, [106];
  • Lepidosteus, [114];
  • Amphibia, [127];
  • Chick, [170];
• Auditory nerve, development of, [459]
• Auditory organs, of Ascidia, [15];
  • of Salpa, [31];
  • of Ammocoetes, [98];
  • Ganoidei, [108], [114];
  • of Amphibia, [127];
  • of Aves, [170];
  • general development of, [512];
  • of aquatic forms, [512];
  • of land forms, [513];
  • of Coelenterata, [513];
  • of Mollusca, [515];
  • of Crustacea, [516];
  • of Vertebrata, [517];
  • of Cyclostomata, [89], [92], [518];
  • of Teleostei, Lepidosteus and Amphibia, [518];
  • of Mammalia, [519];
  • accessory structures of, [527];
  • of Tunicata, [528];
• Auriculo-ventricular valves, [642]
• Autostylic skulls, [579]
• Aves, development of, [145];
  • cerebellum of, [426];
  • mid-brain of, [427];
  • infundibulum of, [431];
  • pineal gland of, [434];
  • pituitary body of, [436];
  • cerebrum of, [439];
  • olfactory lobes of, [444];
  • spinal nerves of, [449];
  • cranial nerves of, [455];
  • vagus of, [458];
  • glossopharyngeal of, [458];
  • vertebral column of, [557];
  • ossification of vertebral column of, [558];
  • branchial arches of, [572], [573];
  • pectoral girdle of, [603];
  • pelvic girdle of, [608];
  • heart of, [637];
  • arterial system of, [647];
  • venous system of, [658];
  • muscle-plates of, [670];
  • excretory organs of, [714];
  • mesonephros of, [715];
  • pronephros of, [718];
  • Müllerian duct of, [718], [720];
  • nature of pronephros of, [721];
  • connection of Müllerian duct with Wolffian in, [720];
  • kidney of, [722];
  • lungs of, [764];
  • liver of, [769];
  • postanal gut of, [774];
• Axolotl, [142], [143];
  • ovum of, [120];
  • mid-brain of, [427];
  • mandibular arch of, [583];