15. Have trade unions raised or lowered the wages of non-union labor?

16. What is the attitude of American trade unions toward efficiency systems as attempts to introduce improved methods of production (not systems of payment)?


[CHAPTER 21]
PUBLIC REGULATION OF HOURS AND WAGES

References.

Abbott, Edith, Progress of the minimum wage in England. J. P. E., 23: 268-277. 1915.

Women in industry. 1915.

*Adams and Sumner, chs. II, VIII, XII, secs. 1-4, 9, XIII, sec. 2.

Barnett, G. E., and McCabe, D. A., Mediation, investigation and arbitration of industrial disputes. 1916.

Clark, V. S., The labor movement in Australasia. 1906.

Commons, chs. VII, VIII, XVIII, XXI.

*Commons and Andrews, chs. III, secs. 2, 3, IV, V.

Compton, W. M., Wage theories in industrial arbitration. A. E. Rev., 6: 324-342. 1916.

Hammond, M. B., Judicial interpretation of the minimum wage in Australia. A. E. Rev., 3: 259-286. 1913.

Hammond, M. B., Wages boards in Australia. Q. J. E., 29: 98-148, 326-361, 563-630. 1914-1915.

Holcombe, A. N., The legal minimum wage in the United States. A. E. Rev., 2: 21-37. 1912.

Kelley, Florence, Minimum-wage laws. J. P. E., 20: 999-1010. 1912.

Women in industry. 1915.

Millis, H. A., Some aspects of the minimum wage. J. P. E., 22: 132-155. 1914.

Mote, C. H., Industrial arbitration. 1916.

Persons, C. E., Women's work and wages in the United States. Q. J. E., 29: 201-234. 1914-1915.

Suffern, A. E., Conciliation and arbitration in the coal industry of America. 1915.

United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, [Bul.] 175. 1915. Summary of report on woman and child wage-earners.

Webb, Sidney, The economic theory of a legal minimum wage. J. P. E., 20: 973-998. 1912.

Wise, E. F., Wage boards in England. A. E. Rev., 2: 1-20. 1912.

Questions.