Pl. 30.
J. Fleischmann del.
Trema guineensis Schum.
A Flowering branch. B Male flower cut lengthwise. C Female flower cut lengthwise. D Fruit cut lengthwise.
folded along the side-nerves in the bud.—Species 1 (A. glutinosa L., alder). North-west Africa, also naturalized in South Africa. Yields timber and bark for tanning. [Tribe BETULEAE.] Alnus Tourn.
[FAMILY 51.] FAGACEAE
Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, undivided lobed or pinnately cleft, stipulate. Flowers in spikes or catkins, monoecious. Perianth-segments 4-7, bract-like, more or less united. Stamens 4-20. Ovary inferior, 3-6-celled at the base. Ovules 2 in each cell, descending, inverted. Styles 3-6. Fruit a nut surrounded by a cup-shaped involucre. Seeds without albumen.—Genera 2, species 9. Extra-tropical regions. (Under CUPULIFERAE.)
Male flowers in fascicles arranged in erect spikes. Female flowers in clusters of 3, surrounded by an involucre. Filaments long. Styles 6, thread-shaped.
Fruit enclosed in a prickly involucre. Leaves serrate.—Species
1 (C. vulgaris Lam., chestnut). North-west Africa. Yields timber, bark for tanning, and edible fruits from which starch and oil are prepared. Castanea Tourn.
Male flowers in simple, pendulous catkins. Female flowers each surrounded by an involucre. Filaments short. Styles 3, rarely 4-5, flattened.
Fruit seated in a scaly, cup-shaped involucre.—Species 8. North-west
Africa; one species also introduced into South Africa. They yield timber, cork, tanning and dyeing materials, chemical and medicinal drugs, starch, and fodder; some have edible fruits. “Oak.” Quercus L.
ORDER URTICALES