Since the earthquake of 1863 the official residence of the Governors-General was at Malacañan, on the River Pasig in the ward of San Miguel. This is now the residence of the American Governor. He had a troop of native Lancers to escort him when he drove out, and a small corps of Halberdiers for duty within the palace and grounds. These latter wore a white uniform with red facings, and were armed with a long rapier and a halberd. They were also furnished with rifles and bayonets for use in case of an emergency.
When the Governor-General drove out, every man saluted him by raising his hat—and when he went to the Cathedral he was received by the clergy at the door, and, on account of being the Vice-Regal Patron, was conducted under a canopy along the nave to a seat of honour.
His position was in fact one of great power and dignity, and it was felt necessary to surround the representative of the king with much pomp and state in order to impress the natives with his importance and authority.
There was a Governor-General of Visayas who resided at Cebu, and was naturally subordinate to the Governor-General of the Philippines. He was usually a Brigadier-General.
In case of the death or absence of the Governor-General, the temporary command devolved upon the Segundo Cabo, a general officer in immediate command of the military forces. Failing him, the Acting Governor-Generalship passed to the Admiral commanding the station.
The two principal departments of the administration were the Intendencia or Treasury, and the Direction of Civil Administration.
The Archipelago is divided into fifty-one provinces or districts, according to the accompanying table and map.
Distribution of Population.
| Provinces. | Males. | Females. | Total. |
| Abra | 21,631 | 21,016 | 42,647 |
| Albay | 127,413 | 130,120 | 257,533 |
| Antique | 60,193 | 63,910 | 124,103 |
| Balábac | 1,912 | 27 | 1,939 |
| Bataán | 25,603 | 24,396 | 49,999 |
| Batangas | 137,143 | 137,932 | 275,075 |
| Benguet (district) | 8,206 | 12,104 | 20,310 |
| Bohol | 109,472 | 117,074 | 226,546 |
| Bontoc | 40,515 | 41,914 | 82,429 |
| Bulacán | 127,455 | 124,694 | 252,149 |
| Burías | 84 | 44 | 128 |
| Cagayán | 37,157 | 35,540 | 72,697 |
| Calamianes | 8,227 | 8,814 | 17,041 |
| Camarines Norte | 15,931 | 14,730 | 30,661 |
| Camarines Sur | 78,545 | 77,852 | 156,400 |
| Cápiz | 114,827 | 128,417 | 243,244 |
| Cavite | 66,523 | 65,541 | 132,064 |
| Cebú | 201,066 | 202,230 | 403,296 |
| Corregidor (island of) | 216 | 203 | 419 |
| Cottabato | 788 | 494 | 1,282 |
| Dávao | 983 | 712 | 1,695 |
| Ilocos Norte | 76,913 | 79,802 | 156,715 |
| Ilocos Sur | 97,916 | 103,133 | 201,049 |
| Ilo-Ilo | 203,879 | 206,551 | 410,430 |
| Infanta (district) | 4,947 | 4,947 | 9,894 |
| Isabela de Basilan | 454 | 338 | 792 |
| Isabela de Luzon | 20,251 | 18,365 | 38,616 |
| Islas Batanes | 4,004 | 4,741 | 8,745 |
| Isla de Negros | 106,851 | 97,818 | 204,669 |
| Laguna | 66,332 | 66,172 | 132,504 |
| Lepanto | 8,255 | 16,219 | 24,474 |
| Leyte | 113,275 | 107,240 | 220,515 |
| Manila | 137,280 | 120,994 | 258,274 |
| Masbate and Ticao | 8,835 | 8,336 | 17,171 |
| Mindoro | 29,220 | 28,908 | 58,128 |
| Misamis | 46,020 | 42,356 | 88,376 |
| Mórong | 21,506 | 21,556 | 43,062 |
| Nueva Ecija | 63,456 | 60,315 | 123,771 |
| Nueva Vizcaya | 8,495 | 7,612 | 16,107 |
| Pampanga | 114,425 | 111,884 | 226,309 |
| Pangasinán | 149,141 | 144,150 | 293,291 |
| Principe (district) | 2,085 | 2,073 | 4,158 |
| Puerto Princesa | 350 | 228 | 578 |
| Romblón | 14,528 | 13,626 | 28,154 |
| Samar | 92,330 | 86,560 | 178,890 |
| Surigao | 28,371 | 27,875 | 56,246 |
| Tarlac | 42,432 | 40,325 | 82,757 |
| Tayabas | 27,886 | 25,782 | 53,668 |
| Unión | 55,802 | 57,568 | 113,370 |
| Zambales | 49,617 | 44,934 | 94,551 |
| Zamboanga | 7,683 | 6,461 | 14,144 |
| 2,794,876 | 2,762,743 | 5,557,619 |