Id. xi. 16, 6. Pro capitibus seu jugis suis. . .
[421.] Cod. Theol. xi. 17, 4. 'Universi pro portione suæ possessionis jugationis que ad hæc munia coarctentur.'
[422.] Cod. Theod. lib. vii. tit. xx. 4.
[423.] See Syrisch-Römisches Rechtsbuch aus dem Fünften Jahrhundert (Bruns und Sachan), Leipzig, 1880, p. 37; and Marquardt's Staatsverwaltung, ii. 220. See also Hyginus, De Limitibus Constituendis, Lachmann, &c., p. 205, where there is mention of 'arvum primum, secundum,' &c., in Pannonia.
[424.] Marquardt, ii. 237.
[425.] Not that the Roman jugerum was equal in area to the Saxon acre. It was much smaller, and of quite a different shape, at least in Italy. The acreage of the jugum no doubt varied very much, as did also the acreage of the yard-land.
[426.] It is even possible and probable that the Gallic coinage in Roman times, mentioned in the Pauca de Mensuris (Lachmann and Rudorff, p. 373), 'Juxta Galios vigesima pars unciæ denarius est . . . duodecies unciæ libram xx. solidos continentem efficiunt, sed veteres solidum qui nunc aureus dicitur nuncupabant,'—the division of the pound of silver into 12 ounces, and these into 20 pennyweights—with which we found the Welsh tunc pound to be connected, may also have had something to do with the contents of the centuria and jugum. At all events, the division of the pound into 240 pence was very conveniently arranged for the division of a tax imposed upon holdings of 240 acres, or 120 acres, or 60 acres, or 30 acres, or the 10 acres in each field. In other words, the coinage and the land divisions were remarkably parallel in their arrangement, as we found was also the case with the scutage of the Hundred Rolls, and the scatt penny of the villani in the Boldon Book.
[427.] Eumenius, Pan. Constantini, Marquardt, S. V., ii. 222.
[428.] Cod. Theod. lib. xi. tit. i. 14.
[429.] See also Ammianus. xxvii. 8, 7. Coote, 131.