The English Village Community / Examined in its Relations to the Manorial and Tribal Systems and to the Common or Open Field System of Husbandry; An Essay in Economic History (Reprinted from the Fourth Edition)

by Frederic Seebohm

[607.] Landau, p. 36.

[608.] Id. 37–8.

[609.] In the will of Perpetuus. Meitzen, Ausbreitung, &c., p. 14.

[610.] The practice was long continued in what was called the 'steel bow tenancy' of later times.

[611.] Juris Prov. Alemann. c. 2. Schilteri editio.

[612.] Otfried, v. 4, 80; ii. 14, 215.

[613.] Notger, Psalm xliii. 14; lxxviii. 4; lxix. 7.

[614.] Compare Cod. Theod. IX. tit. xlii. 7: 'Quot mancipia in prædiis occupatis . . . quot sint casarii vel coloni,' &c.

[615.] See Ancient Laws of England, Thorpe, p. 79, under wer-gilds, s. vii., where 'hiwisc' = 'hide.' See also 'hiwiski,' 'hiwischi,' for 'familia,' in 'St. Paules Glossen,' sixth or seventh century. Braune's Althochdeutsches Lesebuch, p. 4.

[616.] B. M. Ancient Charters, ii. Cotton MS. Aug. ii. 42, A.D. 837. The Welsh short yoke was that of two oxen, i.e. a fourth part of the full plough team.