[205] Cf. A. F. Mehren, 1874, pp. 19, 158, f., 21, 193.
[206] C. de Vaux, 1898, pp. 69, f.
[207] Cf. Moltke Moe, “Maal og Minne,” Christiania, 1909, pp. 9, ff.
[208] The same ideas also occur in European fairy-tales and generally in the world of mediæval conceptions.
[209] Cf. K. Kretschmer, 1909, pp. 67, ff.; Beazley, iii. 1906, p. 511. It has been asserted that the compass was discovered at Amalfi. This is not very probable, but it seems that an important improvement of the compass may have been made there about the year 1300.
[210] Cf. D’Avezac: Coup d’œil historique sur la projection des cartes géographiques. Paris, 1863, p. 37; Th. Fischer, 1886, pp. 78, f.
[211] How early the error of the compass became known is uncertain. Even if it was known, it seems that at any rate no attention was paid to it at first; and thus the coast-lines were laid down on the charts according to the magnetic courses and not the true ones. Later on a constant error was assumed and the compass was corrected in agreement therewith; but the correction differed somewhat in the various towns where compasses were made.
[212] Björnbo and Petersen [1908, tab. 1, pp. 14, ff.] give a comparison of these names from the most important compass-charts.
[213] Reproduced by Jomard, 1879; Nordenskiöld, 1897, p. 25.
[214] Reproduced by Th. Fischer-Ongania, 1887, Pl. III. [cf. [pp. 117, ff.]]; Nordenskiöld, 1897, Pl. V. Cf. Björnbo, 1909, pp. 212, f.; Hamy, 1889, pp. 350, f.