A narrative of travels in northern Africa in the years 1818, 19, and 20; accompanied by geographical notices of Soudan and of the course of the Niger - G. F. Lyon

INDEX.

Afno. See Soudan.
Aghades, a district of Soudan, notice of, [131], [132].
Agrab el rah, or scorpion of the wind, notice of, [184].
Agram, salt lakes of, [245]. Probably the same with the salt lakes of Domboo, ibid.
Agriculture, of the Arabs, [44]. Of Fezzan, [275].
Amaymet Saad, pass of, [305]
Amusements, of the African Arabs, [52].
Animals, found in Fezzan, [271]—273.
Antiquities, ruins of, discovered at the well of Bonjem, [66]. Near the castle of Zleetun, [334]. At Zelida, [337], [338].
Ants, devastation of, in Fezzan, [187], [188].
Arabs, general character of, [38], [39]. Their dress, [39], [40]. Arms, [40]. Two classes of, [41]. Their tents described, ibid. Government of their tribes, [42]. Religion, ibid. Marriages, [42], [43], [299]. Their cattle, accustomed to subsist without water, [44]. Their agriculture, ibid. Produce of their flocks, [45], [46]. Quality and value of their horses, [46], [47]. Mode of shoeing adopted by them, [48]. Diet of the Arabs, [48]—52. Their amusements, [52]. Forms of courtesy, [53]. Their ignorance respecting Europe, [53], [54]. Account of the tribe, called Waled Suliman, [54], [55]. Notice of the Orfilly tribe, [34]—36. And of the tribes of Sockna and the frontier of Fezzan, [79], [80]. Their method of preparing meat for a journey, [219].
Areg el Libben, (village), [205].
Arms of the Tripolines and Arabs, [40], [41]. Of the Tuarick, an African tribe, [110].
Aseēda, an Arabian dish, how prepared, [49], [50].
Aselis, a species of reptile at Morzouk, described, [184].
Atila, an Arabian dish, how prepared, [50].
Baba Hassein, a Turkish trader, anecdotes of, [303], [304], [310]. Is plundered by some Arabs, [338].
Bahr el Ghazal, a province in the interior of Africa, notice of, [127]. Productions, ibid. Dress and manners of the inhabitants, [127], [128]. Vast quantities of petrified bones found there, [128].
Bairam, feast of, how observed, [108], [109].
Barracan, an article of African dress, described, [17], [39].
Barter, singular mode of, [302].
Bashaw of Tripoli, public progresses of, described, [15], [16]. Funeral of his grand-daughter, described, [19], [20]. Interview of the author with, on his return from the interior, [349].
Bastinado, punishment of, how inflicted, [17].
Baths of Tripoli, described, [16], [17].
Batus or Battus, (Mountain), [22]. Account of the Sheikh of, [27], [28]. And of the Jews who are resident there, [28].
Bazeen, an Arabian dish, how prepared, [49], [50].
Bedouins, or wandering Arabs of Northern Africa, account of, [41]—54.
Belford (John) accompanies the mission to Africa, [2]. His Arabic appellation, [7]. In imminent danger of being stung by a venomous snake, [82]. Is employed to construct a carriage for the Sultan of Morzouk, [179]. Success of his work, [180], [181]. Account of his illness, [194], [195], [241], [247], [350]. Returns to England, [351]. The author’s honourable testimony to his character, ibid.
Bello, a Fellata chief, account of, [138].
Ben Arief, mountain and pass of, [301].
Beneish, an article of Tripoline dress, described, [6].
Benewaleed,
⎱
⎰
town of described, [161]—163.
Benewazeed,
Benghāzi, (town) itinerary to, [243]. And from thence to Derna, ibid, [244].
Beni abbas, a village in the Gharian mountains, arrival at, [25]. Description of its subterraneous habitations, ibid, [26]. Hospitable reception of the author and his party, by the Sheikh of, [26], [27].
Benioleed, village of, [34]. Wretched condition of its inhabitants, ibid, [35], [36]. Their number, [36].
Bergoo, or Borgoo country, productions of, [251], [255]. Character and manners of the inhabitants, [251], [252], [254]. Arab mode of making them captives, [255]. Itinerary from Tegerry to, [264]. And from Borgoo to Waday, [267].
Bidriah, an article of Tripoline dress, described, [6].
Bilma, itinerary to, from Tegerry, [265].
Bir el Wishki, well of, [298].
Birnie, a town in the Bornou country, account of, [123]. Bearings of various places there, [126], [127].
Bones, (petrified), discovered in the interior of Africa, [128].
Bonjem, (well of), [65]. Account of Roman antiquities in its vicinity, ibid, [66]. Revisited by the author, on his return to Tripoli, [327].
Borgoo. See Bergoo.
Bornou (country), boundaries of, [123]. Vocabulary of its language, [122]. Chief towns, [123]. Rivers and lakes, [124], [125]. Dependent provinces of, [126]—128. Bearings of different places in, [126], [127]. Government, [128], [129]. Dress and customs of the people of Bornou, [130]. Itinerary from Kashna to, [141]. Exports to, from Fezzan, [152]—154. Imports thence, [154]—157. Articles of commerce between Bornou and the Tibboo, [159]. Description of the women of Bornou, [161].
Bornouse, or African and Arab cloak, described, [6].
Bouzafer, a kind of footing analogous to that of crossing the line, notice of, [81].
Bread, Arab mode of baking, [51].
Buckland, (Professor), observations of, on the rocks and minerals of Tripoli and Fezzan, [361]. Basaltic rocks, ibid, [362]. Tertiary formations, [361], [363]. New red sandstone, [361], [364]—366. Magnesian limestone, [366]—369.
Buffaloes of North Africa, notice of, [76].
Bugs of Fezzan, [186].
Burials, African mode of, [19], [20]. Account of the burial-places at Morzouk, [99].
Camels, extraordinary mode of travelling on, [114], [115]. Arab mode of firing, when lame, [301]. Water, how obtained from the stomach of, to satisfy the thirst of almost perishing travellers, [305].
Cannibalism practised at Yemyem, [142], [143].
Castle of Morzouk, description of, [98], [99].
Cattle of the Arabs, accustomed to subsist without water, [44]. High prices of, at Morzouk, [177].
Charms, prevalence of, among the Arabs, [31], [52].
Coffee, a preventive of thirst in hot climates, [93].
Commerce, articles of, between Fezzan, Soudan, Bornou, and Waday, [152]—157. Between Fezzan and Egypt, [157]—159. Between Bornou and the Tibboo, ibid. Between Tuat and the Tuarick, ibid, [160].
Corn, African mode of grinding and preparing, [178].
Corna, a species of fruit, notice of, [274].
Cookery of the Arabs, described, [49]—51.
Costume of the Tripoline men, described, [6], [7]. Of the women, [17], [18]. Of the Arabs, [39], [40]. Of the people of Sockna, [73]. Of the Tuarick, an African tribe, [109], [110]. Of Bornou, [130]. Of the women of Bornou and Soudan, [161]. Of the inhabitants of Morzouk, [168]—172. Particularly of the children and court of the Sultan, [176], [177]. Of the Tibboo women, [225], [226]. And of the Tibboo men, [228].
Courtsey, forms of, among the Arabs, [53]. And among the Tibboos, [232].
Cuscussou, an Arabian dish, how prepared, [48], [49].
Dahr t’Moumen, plain of, [81].
Dances, indelicate, of the Northern Africans, [63]. Account of the dances at Morzouk, [172]—175. And of a Tibboo dance, [226], [227], [233].
Date-trees, at Sockna, notice of, [72]. Notice of the date harvests, [163]. And of the dome-date, [242], [245]. Mode of preserving dates at Sockna, [320].
Deesa, a species of rusk, used as fodder for horses, [236].
———, (village), hospitable reception of the author at, [257], [258].
Derna, (town), itinerary to, [243], [244].
Desert, near Tripoli, described, [21]. Of Sbir ben Afeen, [83]. Perilous travelling through, [84]. Of five days’ journey through, [305]—312. Description of the Great Desert, [344]. Various appellations given to parts of it, ibid, [345], [346]. Awful stillness of, [347]. Phenomenon of the Seráb, [347]. Wells, occasionally found there, [348]. Extreme heat of the desert, [83].
Dgleim, village of, [87].
Diseases, prevalent at Morzouk, and their treatment, [106], [107].
Doodroo river, course of, [133].
Door, a species of worm, notice of, [300]. Prepared as an article of food, [301].
Drawing, not prohibited by the Arabs, [291].
Dress of the Tripoline men, [6], [7]. Of the Tripoline women, [17], [18]. Of Bornou, [130]. Of the women of Soudan and Bornou, [161]. The men at Morzouk, [169], [170]. And of the women, [170], [171]. Especially of the children and court of the Sultan, [176], [177]. Of the Tibboo women, [225], [226]. And men, [228].
Drunkenness, prevalence of, at Tripoli, [13].
Dummagh, a mountain shrub, notice of, [29].
Dupont, (M.) joins the mission to Africa, as naturalist, [1]. Assumes an Arabic appellation, [7]. Resigns his office, [20].
Dweeda, an Arabian dish, how prepared, [50].
East wind, effects of, [94].
Education, state of, at Morzouk, and in Fezzan, [186], [187].
Effa, a venomous snake, account of, [82].
Egypt and Fezzan, state of the commerce between, [157]—159.
El Bakki, (village), notice of, [234].
El Bedere, bearings of, [211].
El Gaaf, hills of, [307].
El Grarat Arab Hoon, plain of, [69].
El Guasem, (village of), [29].
El Ramle Gebeer, a range of sand hills, [307].
El Kelb Assoud, (mountain), [23].
El Khayma, mount, bearings of, [325].
El Maytba, Bayda and Soudah, plains of, [308].
El Ramle Kebeer, sand hills of, [83].
El Ramle Shraya, sands of, [83].
El Wiakh, well of, [267].
Elood, (mountains of), [68].
Emzairaat, (wadey of), [81].
Eructation, filthy practice of, at Tripoli, [14].
Evil eye, charms against, [31].
Farmela, an article of Tripoline dress, described, [6].
Fever, Arab remedy for, [321].
Fezzan, boundaries of, [270]. Aspect of the country, ibid. The author’s entry into the kingdom of, [68]. Journey in, [69]—152. State of cultivation, [271]. Articles of commerce carried thence, to Soudan, Bornou, and Waday, [152]—154. Articles received in return, [154]—157. Exports of the Fezzan merchants to Egypt, [157]. Imports, [158]. State of education in this country, [186], [187]. Abundance of ants and bugs there, [187], [188]. Revenues of the Sultan, [188], [189]. Character of the Fezzaners, [240], [280]. Their appearance and manners, [283], [284]. Mineral productions, [271]. Animal productions of this country, [271]—273. Vegetable productions, [273], [274]. Agriculture, [275]. And horticulture, [277]. Chief towns, [275]. Chief diet of the inhabitants, [276]. Division and tenure of landed property, ibid. Weights and measures current in commerce, [277], [278]. Government, [278]—280. Punishments, [282]. Character of the Marāboots, [284]. State of education, [285]. Manufactures, [286]. Condition of slaves, [287]. Of the women, ibid. Parental authority, absolute, ibid. Laws relating to the issue of slaves, [289]. Traditions prevalent there, [287], [288]. Geological observations on the mountains and rocks of, [361]—369.
Fighi, or men of letters, notice of, [285].
Flocks of the Arabs, account of, [45], [46].
Food of the Arabs, account of, [48]—52.
Fossil Bones, discovered in the interior of Africa, [128].
Fuggha, (town), notice of, [243]. Itinerary thence to Benghazi, ibid.
Funerals, how solemnised at Tripoli, [19], [20]. Of Mr. Ritchie, [192].
Gafooly, a species of clover, notice of, [275].
Gatrone, (town), arrival at, [224]. Described, ibid, [228]. The author returns thither, from an excursion, [248]. Fondness of the inhabitants for show, ibid. Arrival of the Ghrazzie, or slave-hunters, there, [249].
Ghadams, a Tuarick town, notice of, [112]. Its situation described, [161]. Occupied by two hostile tribes, [162]. Water, how distributed there, [163].
Gharian Mountains, the author’s journey to, described, [21], [22]. General appearance of the country in their vicinity, [23]. Arrival at the foot of the Gharian pass, ibid. Its inhabitants nearly extirpated, [24]. Account of their subterraneous habitations, [25]. Hospitable reception of the author and his party, by a Gharian Sheikh, [26], [27]. Arrival at Castle Gharian, [28]. Ruin of a Roman building discovered in these mountains, [30]. Account of the people of Gharian, [32], [33]. Journey thence to Benioleed, [33], [34]. Geological observations on the Gharian mountains, [361]—369.
Ghraat, a Tuarick town, notice of, [112], [113]. Manners of the inhabitants, [113].
Ghràba, a species of desert, defined, [345].
Ghrazzie, or slave-hunters, arrival of at Gatrone, [249]. Account of their excursion, [250]. Their manner of making captives, [255]. Their return to Morzouk, [261]. Observations on the Ghrazzie, [262]. Mode of dividing the captives, ibid. Slave markets, [263].
Ghrood, a species of desert, defined, [344].
Ghroodwa, (village), notice of, [86], [87], [298].
Ghrowāt, (village), [203].
Gibbi, or south wind, effects of, [94].
Gla, (mountain), [64].
Gooberr, a Fellata town, notice of, [141].
Gonja, country, notice of, [160].
Government of the Arab tribes, [42]. Of Bornou, [128], [129]. Of Tembuctoo, [147]. Of Fezzan, [278]—280.
Guasem, (village), notice of, [29].
Guatela, (mountains), [68], [69].
Guddub, a species of clover, notice of, [275].
Gundy, an animal so called, described, [31], [32].
Gurd or Gurda tree, botanical notice of, [234]. Its pod and leaves delineated, [235].
Gussar Hallom, castle of, [257].
Gusser Turk, castle of, described, [28], [29].
Gutfa, well of, [81], [309]. Curious ceremony performed there, [81].
Hadje Hajeel, (village), notice of, [203], [204].
Hamera, (village), notice of, [210].
Hand, cutting off, a punishment for theft, [17].
Haousa, country, boundaries of, [149]. Vocabulary of its language, [149]—151.
Hatia, a species of desert, notice of, [345].
Hegira, festival of the commencement of, [185].
Hoon, (a town of Fezzan), notice of, [75]. The author attends public worship at the Mosque there, [77], [78].
Hormut Emhalla, pass of, [68].
——— t’Mohalla, pass of, [326].
——— Taad atar, pass of, [69].
——— t’Uziz, pass of, [325].
Hornemann, the traveller, notice of, [133].
Horses, Arabian, account of, [46], [47]. How shod, [48]. Singular mode of swimming them over the river Tsad, [124], [125].
Horticulture, state of, in Fezzan, [277].
Houses at Morzouk, described, [96]. At Sockna, structure of, [320].
Ibrahim Zubbo, an Arab tribe, notice of, [142].
Inscription, ancient, at Tripoli, [18]. At Bonjem, [66].
Itinerary, from Kashna to Sakkatoo, [140]. Into Bornou, [141], [142]. From Morzouk to Tuat, [144]. And to Kashna, [131]. From Fuggha to Benghāzi, [243]. From Benghāzi to Derna, ibid, [244]. From Yent Werda, [265]. From Tegerry to Bilma, ibid.
Jerba, an article of Tripoline dress, described, [6].
Jibn, or Arabian cheese, notice of, [45].
Jufara, wells of, [223].
Kabra, the port of Tembuctoo, notice of, [145].
Kadi, jurisdiction of, in Fezzan, [279], [280].
Kaffir, or unbeliever, who are so called, [160].
Kanem, barbarous irruption into, by the Sultan of Fezzan, [129].
Kasarawa, (well of), [236].
Kashna, Itinerary from Morzouk to, [131]. Account of the road from Kashna to Soudan, [132]. Rivers of this district, [133]. Cowries current there for coin, [138]. Manufactures, [139]. Itinerary from Kashna to various places in Soudan, [140]—142.
Kattagum river, course of, [133], [134].
Kenaire, pass of, [306].
Khod el Khadem, mountain of, [69].
Klia, (desert), painful journey across, [68], [69].
Kohol, mountain of, [308].
Language of Bornou, vocabulary of, [122]. Peculiarity in, [198]. Vocabulary of the language of Sakkatoo, [135]—138. Of Tembuctoo, [146], [147]. Of Soudan, or the Haoussa tongue, [149]—151. Of Baghermee, peculiarity in, [198]. Of Tibboo, [233]. Of Sockna, [314], [316].
Lebida, ruins of, [337].
Lilla Fatma, an extraordinarily fat woman, account of, [62], [63]. Accident to, in travelling, [86].
Liver complaint, extraordinary remedy for, [220], [221].
Lizards found in Northern Africa, notice of, [184], [185].
Lyon, (Capt.) obtains permission to accompany Mr. Ritchie to North Africa, [2]. Arrives at Tripoli, ibid. His interview with the Bey of Fezzan, [5]. Assumes an Arabic name, [7]. Acquires the habits of the Moslems, [8]. Journey of, to the Gharian mountains, [21]. Hospitable reception of him and his party by the Arabs of the Tripoline desert, [22]. Arrive at the Gharian pass, [23]. Journey through the mountains, [24]—33. Arrival at Benioleed, [34]. Description of the place and its inhabitants, [34]—36. Return to Tripoli, [38]. Journey thence to Morzouk, [55]—87. Arrival there, [88]. Exerts his medical skill in behalf of the Arabs, [67], [68]. His residence in Morzouk, described, [96]. Illness of, and of his companions, [100], [101]. His mode of keeping the fast of Ramadan, [102]. Prescribes for the Africans, [115]—117. Prescribes for the children and negresses, [175]. Sells one of his horses for the support of himself and his companions, [182]. Generosity of a Mamluke to them, [183]. Is stung by a scorpion, [184]. Buries his friend, Mr. Ritchie, [192]. Narrative of his own illness, [194], [195]. Proceedings with respect to Mr. Ritchie’s effects, [195], [196]. Apology of, for conforming to the Mohammedan worship, [199], [200]. Journey to Tegerry, the southern limit of Fezzan, [202]—238. Hospitable reception at Deesa, [257]. And at Zaizow, [258]. Returns to Morzouk, [259]. A fête given to him by his friend Mohammed el Lizari, [268]. Arrangements for his departure from Morzouk, [290]. Takes leave of the Sultan Mukni, [292], [294], [295]. Arrives at Dgleim, [295]. At Temenhint, [302]. At Zegen Om el Abeed, [303]. At the pass of Kenaire, [306]. Traverses a desert, of five days in extent, to Sockna, [305]—312. Illness of the author and his alarming situation in the desert, [327], [328]. His providential deliverance, [329]. Overtaken in a tremendous thunder storm, [333]. Feelings on again beholding the sea, [334]. Experiences a dangerous relapse on his journey, but recovers, [339], [340]. Arrives at Tejoura, [340]. And re-enters Tripoli, ibid. Has an interview with the Bashaw, [349]. Embarks for Leghorn, [350]. And arrives in England, [351].
Mabrook, a town at the end of the great desert, notice of, [144].
Mafen, (village), [257]. Account of a remarkable plain of salt and earth, in its vicinity, ibid.
Maghna, village, [209].
Mahmoud, (Hadge), a friend of the author’s, notice of, [103], [104]. Instances of his kindness, [192], [194], [196], [197].
Mahommed el Mukni. See Mukni.
Mamlukes, at Tripoli, engross all offices, [14]. Disinterested generosity of one, to Messrs. Ritchie and Lyon, [183].
Mandra, a tributary province of Bornou, notice of, [126].
Mangelly, village of, [203].
Manufactures of Soudan, [139]. Of Tembuctoo, [146].
Marāboots, or Mohammedan saints, two classes of, [8], [9]. Procession of, described, [9]—11. The author initiated by one, [12]. Their tombs, regarded as sanctuaries, [38]. The author visits one, near Morzouk, [102]. Interview with one at Traghan, [205]. Hospitable reception of the author by one at Gatrone, [229]. General character of the Marāboots of Fezzan, [284].
Marādi country, notice of, [143].
Marriages, notices of, at Tripoli, [18]. Of the Arabs, [42], [43]. Ceremonial of a marriage at Morzouk, [185], [186]. At the village of Sebha, [299].
Matta Imhammed, mountains of, [69].
Meat, Arab modes of cooking, [51]. And of preparing for a long journey, [219].
Medicine, state of, among the Arabs, [51], [52]. And at Morzouk, [106], [107].
Medroosa, (village), [235]. The author’s dilemma there, [246].
Mejdool, (village), [221], [222].
Mejnine, castle of, [21]. Arrival of the author and his party at, ibid.
Melghra, wells of, [37], [61].
Mellona, governor of Kashna, notice of, [135].
Messhia, or gardens, near Tripoli, notice of, [15], [21].
Meteorological Register, from May to December 1819, [355]—359.
Milk, different sorts of, used by the Arabs, [45].
Mogatba, an Arabian dish, how prepared, [50].
Mohammed ben Abd Alla, a friend of the author, account of, [104], [105].
Mohammed el Lizari, a friend of the author, notice of, [104], [203]. His unpleasant situation, [252]. Gives a fête to the author, [268]. Departs for Tripoli, [269].
Mohammedans, treacherous conduct of, [200], [201]. The absolute necessity for European travellers assuming their costume and mode of worship, illustrated, [199], [200].
Mokhaten, (village), [205].
Mountains of Fezzan and Tripoli, geological observations on the structure of, [361]. Basaltic mountains, [361], [362]. Tertiary limestone, [361], [363]. New red sandstone, [361], [364]—369.
Morzouk, the capital of Fezzan, the author’s journey to, described, [55]—87. Arrival there, [88]. Account of the place, [97]. Castle, [98]. Burial-places, [99]. Diseases prevalent there, and their treatment, [106], [107]. Itinerary thence to Kashna, [131]. To the country of Tuat, [144]. Water, how raised for irrigating the gardens in its vicinity, [169]. Description of the principal Mosque, ibid. Dress of the men, [170]. And of the women, ibid. [171]. Notice of favourite dances there, [172], [173]. Prices of provisions there, [177]. Their quality, ibid. [178]. State of education there, [186], [187]. Number of Mosques, [199]. Manner of selling slaves there, [268]. Their condition, [288]. Meteorological Register, kept at, [355]—359.
Mukni, (Mohammed el), Bey of Fezzan, character of, [3]. Account of the manner in which he obtained his power, ibid. [4]. Expresses himself favourable to the mission to Africa, ibid. The author introduced to him, [5]. Extirpates the Waled Suliman tribe of Arabs, [55]. His people live at free cost, among the natives, [64]. His entry into the town of Sockna described, [70]—72. In what manner he collected his tribute, [74]. Ceremonies paid him on his departure from Sockna, [80]. His reception on approaching the town of Morzouk, [88]. His sentiments on English customs, [89]. His lenity to one of his concubines, [91]. Expedition of, against the Arab tribe of Tibboo Borgoo, [106]. Ungenerous conduct of, to Messrs. Ritchie and Lyon, [117], [119]. Invades the defenceless people of Kanem, [129]. His barbarous treatment of the captives, ibid. Is apprehensive of being superseded by the Bashaw of Tripoli, [163]. Whom he endeavours to propitiate, [164]. Prepares for flight, [165]. Is continued in his office, [263]. His treacherous intentions towards Messrs. Ritchie and Lyon, [165], [166]. Cultivates acquaintance with some Arab Sheikhs, [168]. Extraordinary dress of his children, [176]. Costume of his court, [176], [177]. Has a carriage constructed for him, [179]—181. Ceremonial of marrying one of his cast-off women, [185]. Sources of his revenues and their amount, [188], [189]. Anecdote of his treachery to a trader, [198]. His reception of his son, on his return from a slave-hunting expedition, [261]. Suggestions for preventing his predatory incursions into the Negro kingdoms, [281]. His expedient for securing his duty on captured slaves, [268].
Music of the Tibboos and of Fezzan, [234].
Negroes, ill treatment of by the Mohammedans, [79]. Painful march of some liberated Negroes, across the deserts, [92]. Account of the traffic in, [120]—122. And of the songs of the captive Negroes, [336], [337]. Amiable character of the women, [140]. In what manner the Negroes are taken captives, [255]. Markets for the sale of, [263]. Their condition in Fezzan, [287]. Especially at Morzouk, [288]. Sufferings of some Negroe-captives in their journey across the deserts to Tripoli, [296], [323], [325], [329], [332], [343]. Scanty allowance of food to them, [297]. Their cheerfulness, under all their sufferings, [341], [342].
Neshoua, (well of), [297].
New Year’s Day, Mohammedan rejoicings on, [185].
Nil, or Niger, a river of Bornou, notice of, [127]. Its course, [145], [148].
Nufdai, (mountain), [81], [309].
Omeladam Tasfert, well of, [221].
Omesogueer, (village), notice of, [221]. Fabulous account of a Marāboot there, ibid.
Ongornoo, a town in the interior of Africa, notice of, [127].
Orfilly, tribe of Arabs, wretched condition of, [34]—36. Their character, [314]. Anecdote of one, ibid.
Ostriches, observations on the natural history of, [77].
Ovens of the Arabs, form of, [51].
Parental authority, absolute, at Fezzan, [287].
Park, (Mr.), observations on the fate of, [146].
Population of Tembuctoo, accounted for, [145].
Prostitutes, regulations concerning, at Tripoli, [13].
Punishments, (Moorish), [16], [17]. Of Fezzan, [282].
Rats of Fezzan, notice of, [317], [318], [320].
Religion of the Arabs, [42]. Of Soudan, [139]. Of the Tuarick, [112].
Reptiles of Morzouk and its vicinity, [184], [185].
Revenues of the Sultan of Fezzan, [188], [189].
Rhamadan, fast of, strictly observed, [102]. Extravagant rejoicings on its termination, [107].
Ritchie, (Mr.) accepts the author’s offer to accompany him to Africa, [2]. Arrives at Tripoli, where he is joined by Mr. Lyon, ibid. Makes an excursion to the Gharian Mountains and Benioleed, [21]—38. Preparations for a journey into the interior, [56], [57]. Journey from Tripoli to Morzouk, [58]—87. Arrival at Morzouk, [88]. His first appearance in a mosque, [95]. Description of his residence in Morzouk, [96]. His distressing illness, [100], [103]. Recovers, [117]. And prescribes for the Africans, [116], [117]. Imposed upon by Mukni, [119]. Whose treacherous intentions towards himself and Mr. Lyon, he discovers, [165], [166], [167]. Relapse of Mr. Ritchie, [189]. His death, [190], [191]. And funeral, [192].
Rocks of Fezzan, observations on the geological structure of, [361]. Basaltic rocks, [361], [362]. Tertiary limestone, [361], [363], [364]. New red sandstone, [361], [364]—369.
Sadig, (Shreef), kind behaviour of, to the author, [313], [318].
Sahār or Sahāra, a species of desert, defined, [344], [346]. Phenomena of, described, [346], [347]. Wells occasionally found there, [348].
Saints, Mohammedan, account of, [8]—12.
Sakkatoo, a town of Soudan, notice of, [134]. Itinerary from Kashna to, [140], [141]. Vocabulary of the language of, [135]—138.
Sala el Sultan, or praying place of the Sultan, [307].
Salt, remarkable incrustations of, in Fezzan, [205], [206]. Plain of, [211].
Salutation, Arabian mode of, [53].
Samnoo, (village), notice of, [85].
Sand winds, [70]. Effects of, [83], [84].
Sbir ben Afeen, a desert so called, notice of, [83].
Scorpions, prevalence of, at Morzouk, [183], [184]. Notice of a species of, called the scorpion of the wind, [184].
Sebha, (town), notice of, [85]. Description of a wedding there, [299].
Sereer, a species of desert, notice of, [345].
Shahm, a preparation of sheep’s fat, notice of, [46].
Shiati, (region of), account of, [299], [300].
Shiblia, or camel litters, described, [59].
Shirgi, or the east wind, effects of, [94].
Shrab, or false water of the desert, [307].
Sidi Besheer, (tomb of), notice of, [204].
Sidrea, an article of Tripoline dress, described, [6].
Slaves and slave trade, of the interior of Africa, account of, [120]—122. Amiable character of the females, [140]. Account of an expedition of slave-hunters, [250]. Their manner of making captives, [255]; and of dividing them among the captors, [262]. Notice of the slave markets, [263]. Condition of slaves in Fezzan, [287]. Especially at Morzouk, [288]. Regulations concerning the offspring of slaves, [289]. Sufferings of some negro captives in their journey across the deserts to Tripoli, for sale, [296], [323], [325], [329], [332], [343]. Their allowance of food, [297]. Cheerfulness under all their sufferings, [341], [342]. Account of the slave market at Morzouk, [267], [268].
Smeeran (mountain), [22].
Sockna, a town of Fezzan, entry of the Sultan into, described, [70]—72. Account of it, [72], [73]. Its former state, [74]. Ceremonies paid to the Sultan, on his departure thence, [80]. The Author’s return thither, [309]. Is beset with sturdy beggars, [310], [318], [319]. Vocabulary of the language there spoken, [314]—316. Festival of the return of spring, [317]. State of the gardens, ibid. Mode of preserving dates there, [320].
Songs of the Arabs, account of, [173], [174]. Of some captive negroes, [336], [337].
Soudan, Afno, or Haousa, rivers of, [133]. Vocabulary of the language of, [135]—138. Notice of the chief provinces and places in, [131], [132], [134]. Manufactures of, [139]. Ignorance almost universal among the natives, [139]. Religion, ibid. Itinerary from Kashna, to various places in, [140]—142. Exports to, from Fezzan, [152]—154. Imports from, to Fezzan, [154]—157. Description of the women of Soudan, [161].
South Wind, effects of, [94].
Spring, return of, celebrated as a festival, [317]. Studies, course of, in Fezzan, [186], [187].
Suarit (Mountain), [64].
Subterraneous habitations, in the Gharian Mountains, described, [25], [29], [30].
Sun, extraordinary effect of, [209].
Superstitions of the Tuarick, an African tribe, [111].
Taleb, village of, [209].
Tar, how made by the Tibboo tribe, [235], [236].
Tarr, Wadey of, [324].
Tegerrina, village of, [32].
Tegerry, the Southern limit of Fezzan, narrative of the Author’s journey to, [202]—237. Arrival there, [238]. Description of its castle, [239]. Price of provisions there, [240]. Its productions, [241]. Superstitions of its inhabitants, [242], [243]. Itinerary thence to Bilma, [244]. The Author’s return there, [245]. Itinerary thence to Bilma, [265].
Telemsen, desert of, [148].
Tembuctoo, account of, [145]. Its reputed immense population accounted for, ibid. Notice of its port, Kabra, ibid. Manufactures and dress of the people, [146]. Government, [147].
Temedd, brackish well at, [324].
Temenhiut, or Temenhint (village), notice of, [85]. Singular mode of barter practised there, [302].
Temesheen, Wadey of, [308].
Tents, Arab, described, [41].
Terboo (village), notice of, [220]. Wretched condition of its inhabitants, ibid.
Terfaas, a species of root, notice of, [37].
Terhoona, Arabs of, [37].
Tessouwa (town), notice of, [189].
Teweewa, desert of, [211].
Tghrasat, Bazaar of, [32].
Theft, how punished at Tripoli, [17], [64].
Tibboo, or Slave Traders in the interior of Africa, account of, [120], [121]. Articles of commerce between them and Bornou, [159]. Dress and character of the Tibboo women, [225]—227, [232]; and of the men, [227], [228]. Notice of the animals produced in their country, [231]. Distance thence to Waday, [230], [231]. Vocabulary of the Tibboo language, [233]. Tibboo forms of courtesy, [232]. Music of this people, [234]. Their mode of preparing tar, [235], [236].
Tibboos of Borgoo, account of, [251], [252], [254]. Arab mode of making them captives, [255]. Anecdotes of a Tibboo boy, [308], [309].
Tibesty (region), notice of, [230].
Touela (village), notice of, [209].
Trade of the Tuarick, [114]. Of the Tibboo, [120]—122. Between Fezzan, Soudan, Bornou, and Waday, [152]—157. Between Fezzan and Egypt, [157]—159. Between Bornou and the Tibboo country, [159]. Between Tuat and the Tuarick, ibid. [160].
Traghan, date groves of, [205]. Modesty of a Marāboot there, [206]. Account of the castle and town, [207], [208].
Travelling, mode of, across the deserts, [91]—93. On camels, extraordinary mode of, [114].
Tribute, how collected in Fezzan, [74].
Tripoli, markets of, [12]. Bazaars, ibid. Schools, ibid. Prevalence of drunkenness there, [13]. Filthy practice of eructation, in all classes, [14]. All offices held by Mamlukes, ibid. Description of the public baths, [14], [15]. The Bashaw’s guards, [16]. The punishment of hanging, how performed, ibid. Torture in use there, ibid. Bastinado, how performed, [17]. Marriages and burials of, [18], [19]. Adventures of a Tripoline woman, [321]. The Author’s interview with the Bashaw of, on his return from his mission to the interior, [349]. Geological observations on the mountains and rocks of, [361]—369.
Tripolines, dress of, described, [6], [7], [17], [18].
Tsād, a river of Bornou, account of, [124], [125]. Extraordinary mode of crossing it, [124]. Notice of the inhabitants in its vicinity, [125].
Tuarick (an African tribe), costume of, [109], [110]. Arms, [110]. Superstitions, [111]. Language, ibid. Their extraordinary aversion to washing, ibid. Religion, [112]. Notice of their chief towns, [113]. Their government, ibid. Trade, [114]. Their extraordinary mode of travelling on camels, [114], [115]. Articles of commerce between them and Tuat, [159], [160]. Anecdote of one, [197].
Tuat (country), situation, productions, and trade of, [143]. Itinerary from Morzouk thither, [144].
Tubbel, or drum of Fezzan, account of, [248], [249].
Usadena, villages of, [32]. Their distressed state, ibid.
Vocabulary of the language of Bornou, [122]. Of Sakkatoo, [135]—138. Of Tembuctoo, [146], [147]. Of Soudan, or the Haousa tongue, [149]—151. Of the Tibboo dialect, [232]. Of Sockna, [314]—316.
Wadan, (a town of Fezzan), notice of, [76]. Character of its inhabitants, ibid.
———, (an animal and chain of mountains so called), account of, [76].
Waday country, articles of export to, from Fezzan, [152]—154. Articles given in exchange, [154]—157. Distance from the Tibboo country to, [230], [231]. Itinerary to, from Borgoo, [267].
Wad el Nommel, or the valley of ants, wretched village of, [87].
Wadey, a species of desert, notice of, [346].
——— Shirghi, chief towns in, [300].
——— Ghrarbi, chief towns in, ibid. Character and manners of the inhabitants of, ibid, [301].
Wajunga people, notice of, [252]. Account of their country, [266].
Waled Suliman, an Arabian tribe, account of, [54]—56.
Warr, a species of desert, notice of, [345].
Warral, a species of lizard, notice of, [184], [185].
Washing, singular aversion to, of the Tuarick, an African tribe, [111].
Water, Arab mode of carrying across the deserts, [93]. How raised for irrigating the land near Morzouk, [169]. How obtained from the stomach of camels, to satisfy the thirst of almost perishing travellers, [305].
Wells of the great desert, observations on, [348].
Werda, itinerary to, from Yen, [265].
Wishek, a species of desert, notice of, [345]
Women of Tripoli, dress of, described, [17], [18]. Arabian dress of, [39], [40]. Conditions and dress of the women of Bornou and Soudan, [161]. And of the Tibboo women, [224]—227. Of the women in Fezzan, [287].
Wudakaire, wells of, [223].
Yemyem, inhabitants of, cannibals, [142], [143]. Notice of this country, [143].
Yen, (town), notice of, [265]. Itinerary thence, to Werda, ibid.
Yussuff, a Moor, benevolent conduct of, towards the author and his companions, [192]—194, [203].
Zaizow, (village), notice of, [205]. Hospitable reception of the author at, [258].
Zeighan, (village), notice of, [85].
Zgar, wadey of, [81].
Zibboon, an article of Tripoline dress, described, [6].
Zleetun, castle of, arrival at, [334]. Notice of Roman ruins in its vicinity, ibid. Notice of the village, [335]. Impudence of a Marāboot there, ibid. Markets and commerce, ibid. [336].
Zuela, arrival of the author at, [212]. His reception there, ibid. [213]. Character of the inhabitants, [213]. Singular instance of their ignorance, ibid. Description of a Mosque and other ancient Arabic buildings in its vicinity, [214]—216. Ruins of the castle, [217]. Hospitality of several Shreefs at, to the author, [217], [218].
Zumeeta. an Arabian dish, how prepared, [50].

Benewaleed,	⎱ ⎰	town of described, [161]—163.
Benewazeed,

THE END.

LONDON:
PRINTED BY THOMAS DAVISON, WHITEFRIARS.

FOOTNOTES:

[1]The inscription, which is over the northern face, is in a perfect state, and is as follows: