DIRECTIONS TO THE BINDER,
FOR PLACING THE PLATES.


[Map to face the title-page.] PAGE
Costume of Tripoli[7]
Tripoli Costume[17]
Triumphal Arch[18]
Arabs exercising[46]
Bonjem[67]
Sand Wind[70]
Piper and Dancer[75]
Castle of Morzouk[98]
Tuarick in a Leather Shirt[110]
Tuarick of Ghraat[113]
Costume of Soudan[161]
Negresses of Soudan[182]
Tibboo Woman—Full Dress[225]
Tibboo of Gatrone[235]
Tuarick on his Maherry[293]
Camel conveying a Bride[299]
Slave Kafflé[325]

CONTENTS.


CHAPTER I.
The Author’s Departure from Malta — Arrivalat Tripoli — Character of Mohammed el Mukni, Bey of Fezzan —Equipment of Mr. Ritchie and the Author — Costume of the Natives ofTripoli — Character of the Marāboots, and Celebration of theirannual Festival — The Natives of Tripoli — Their Habits, Customs,&c. — Public Baths — Punishments — Costumes of the Women —Tripoline Marriages and Funerals — Funeral of the Bashaw’sGrand-daughter — Resignation of M. Dupont — Journey to the GharianMountains and Benioleed, in Company with Mr. Ritchie — GeneralAppearance of the Country — Arrival at the Gharian Mountains —Visit to the Sheikh — Short Account of the Passes — Roman Tomb —Castle of Gharian — Distressed State of Usadena — Account of thePeople of Gharian — Set out for Benioleed, through the gravellyDesert — Arrival at Benioleed — Character of the Inhabitants — ItsPopulation — Description of the Arabs — Their Religion, Manners,Habits, &c.[Page 1]
CHAPTERII.
JOURNEY FROM TRIPOLITO MORZOUK.
Preparations for their Departure, in Companywith Mohammed el Mukni — Encampment in the Mountains of Terhoona,and at the Wells of Melghra — Arrival at Benioleed — Interview withthe Wife of the Sheikh, of the Kafflé — Their Christian Friendsreturn to Tripoli — Punishment of an Arab for Theft — Journey overthe Desert — Remains of a Roman Castle — Continuation of theJourney, until their Arrival at Sockna — Entry into that City —Description of it — Manner of raising the Tribute Money — Accompany the Sultan’s Sonto Hoon and Wadan, to receive the Taxes — Account of those Places —Return to Sockna — Leave Sockna — Singular Custom imposed onTravellers in passing the Soudah Mountains — Arrival at Nufdai —Clear the Soudah Mountains — And travel over the gravelly Plain,through the Pass of Kenair, to the Well of Om el Abeed — Visit theTowns of Zeighan and Samnoo, famed for their Marāboots — Encamp atTemenhint — Arrival at Sebha, where the Black Population commences— Pass on to Ghroodwa — Entry to Morzouk, the Capital ofFezzan[58]
CHAPTERIII.
ARRIVAL ATMORZOUK.
Mode of travelling across the Desert —Interview with the Sultan — Description of Morzouk — Population —Castle of the Sultan — Illness and severe Distress of the Authorand his Companions — Arrival of a Kafflé of Tuarick — Fast ofRhamadan — Departure of an Expedition to obtain Slaves from theCountry of Borgoo — Diseases of the Inhabitants, and the NativeMethods of Cure — Feast of Aidel Shraya — Observations on theTuarick — Their Religion, Dress, Customs, and Language — Ghraat —Its Government, Laws, and Trade — Market there — Arrival of aKafflé from Bornou with Slaves — Information respecting Bornou andthe surrounding Countries, as collected from the Traders — OfKashna and Soudan, in general — Account of Hornemann and his Death— Tembuctoo — General Remarks on the Geography of the Interior, andprobable Course of the Niger — Vocabulary of the Fellātta Language— Conjectures on the Fate of Park[89]
CHAPTERIV.
Articles of Commerce between Fezzan and theInterior, as well as to Egypt, Bornou, and Waday — Gonja —Description of Ghadams — Benewaleed and Benewazeed — Reports of aSuccessor to Mukni — His Illness — Gardens — Costumes of theNatives — Their Amusements — Visits to the Sultan’s Family —Celebration of the Feast of Aid el Kebire — Sickness and Sufferingsof the Author and his Companions — Education of the Children ofMorzouk — Revenues of the Sultan of Fezzan — Illness and lamentedDeath of Mr. Ritchie — His Funeral — Determination of the Author topenetrate to the Southward of Morzouk[152]
CHAPTER V.
Departure for Tegerry, through Zuela andGatrone — Arrival at Zaizow — Pass on to Traghan — Visit Gardensand Springs — Arrival at Zaitoon and Touela — Pass Villages ofMaghwa and Taleb — Arrival at Hamera — Illness — Leave Hamera —Bearings of its neighbouring Villages — Large Salt Plain — Arrivalat Zuela — Description of Inhabitants — Author’s Illness — AncientBuildings — Hospitality of the Shreefs — Leave the Town — Arrivalat Terboo — Its Wretchedness — Curious Story of Marāboot — Arrivalat Mejdool — Journey across the Desert, and Arrival at Gatrone —Feast of Milood — Costume, Character, and general Description ofthe Tibboo — Description of Gatrone — Accounts of Tibesty andWaday, from a Tibboo Trader — Tibboo Language — Leave Gatrone inorder to meet the Grazzie — El Bakkhi — Tibboo Manner of making Tar— Arrival at Tegerry[202]
CHAPTERVI.
Castle of Tegerry — Description of the Town —Some Accounts of the Desert of Bilma — Salt Lake of Agram — Rideout on the Desert — Leave Tegerry — Belford’s dangerous State —Return to Gatrone — Arrival of the Grazzie, or Slave-hunters, withmany Captives and Camels — Account of their Excursion, and ofBorgoo and Wajunga — Manner of making Captives — Leave Gatrone inCompany with the Grazzie — Mestoota — Reception at Deesa — Feast atZaizow — Return to Morzouk — Go out to witness the Triumph of theSlave-hunters — Sultan’s Reception of his Son — Remarks on Grazzies— Accounts of Slave-markets — Arrival of Aboo Becker, andContinuation of Mukni in Command — Further Accounts of theCountries of the Tibboo — Arrangements in the Sale of Slaves, so asto ensure the Sultan his Share[239]
CHAPTERVII.
OF FEZZAN.
Aspect of the Country — State of Cultivation— Minerals — Animals — Birds — Vegetable Productions — Fruits —Esculents — Time and Manner of cultivating Grain — Water — Towns —Food of Inhabitants — Possibility of improving Agriculture — Tenureof Lands — Weights and Measures — Government — Principal People —Character of theNatives — Inroads into the Negro Countries — State of the SlaveTrade — Crimes and Punishments — Character of the Natives —Religion — State of Literature and Ingenuity — Language — State ofthe Women — Records — Slavery and the Slave Trade — Laws relativeto the Issue of Slaves[270]
CHAPTERVIII.
Arrangements for our Departure from Morzouk —Parting with the Sultan — Leave Morzouk to return to Tripoli —Sleep at Dgleim — Mode of conducting a Kafflé of Slaves — Arrivalat Ghroodwa — Pass two Days at Sebha — Are joined by more Kafflés —Marriage of an Arab — Account of the Wadey Shati — Arrive atTemenhint — Zeghen Om el Abeed — Pass of Kenair — Pass over thefive Days Desert to Sockna — Troubles at Sockna — FurtherDescription of that Place[290]
CHAPTERIX.
Leave Sockna — Stop at Hammam — Well ofTemedd — Sufferings of the Slaves — Arrive at Bonjem — Danger onthe Desert — Zemzem — Sofageen — Storm in the Mountains — See twoRoman Ruins — Arrive at Zleetun — Description of that Place — LeaveZleetun — Visit Lebida — Illness — Arrival at Tripoli — Account ofthe Negroes of the Kafflé — General Notices of the Desert —Belford’s bad State of Health — Departure from Tripoli — PassQuarantine at Leghorn — Return over the Continent to England[323]

MAP
of a Route through the
REGENCY OF TRIPOLI طربلس
AND
KINGDOM OF FEZZAN فزّان
Performed in the Years 1818-19 & 20.
BY CAPTN. G. F. LYON. R.N.