[51] Anderson, British Museum Catalogue of Japanese Paintings.
[52] Chapter XI. page 285.
[53] Beautiful writing is highly prized both in China and Japan. Caligraphy, says Mr. S. W. Bushell (Chinese Art, p. 31), is a branch of the fine arts in China, and the penman who can write elegantly in sweeping lines with a flowing brush is ranked above the artist.
[54] In this process of metal inlay, the ground is broken up by means of an engraver’s tool, the pattern formed of silver wire, hammered in.
[55] The widow of Atsumori who was killed in the fight here referred to, in 1184, is credited with the invention of the folding-fan, although dates are somewhat confusing. At the temple of Mieido in Kyoto, whither she had retired to hide her grief under the garb of a nun, she cured the abbot of a fever by fanning him with a paper folding-fan over which she muttered incantations: and to this day the priests of the temple are considered special adepts in the manufacture of fans; hence the name Mieido is adopted by many fan shops all over the islands. (Basil Chamberlain, Things Japanese.)
[56] The fan was used as crest by many Japanese families. A number of examples are given in Mrs. Salwey’s Fans of Japan.
[57] Henri L. Joly, Legend in Japanese Art.
[58] Mrs. Salwey, Fans of Japan.
[59] Ode from the Manyoshin, translated by Basil Chamberlain.
[60] Transactions of the Japan Society, vol. v. Paper by Mrs. Salwey on Pastimes and Amusements of the Japanese.