When a student first learns the art, he is likely to use transition phrases in excess, and produce something like the following: "When I have to write a theme, I first think of my subject. As soon as I have my subject, I take out my paper. On the paper I then make a rough outline." This abuse of transition causes an overlapping of thought, like shingles laid three inches to the weather. An abrupt transition is better than wordiness.
Exercise:
- The shore looked far off. Then we reached it.
- A light snow was falling last night. This is a good day for hunting rabbits.
- A dollar is often a large sum. I sold newspapers when I was a boy.
- Many English words still preserve their old meanings. There is the teller in the bank.
- We had to walk half a mile across the pastures in the fresh morning air. Exercise indoors does not arouse much zest or enthusiasm.
[9. EXERCISE IN COMPLETENESS OF THOUGHT]
[A. Fragments Misused as Sentences]
Rewrite the following statements in sentences each of which expresses a complete thought.
- He gave me a flower. Which was wilted.
- The gasoline flows through the supply tube to the carburetor. Where it should vaporize and enter the cylinders.
- People of all ages were there. Old men, young women, and even children.
- He told us that you had a good standing among business men. That you always met your bills promptly.
- Excuse Everett Smith from school this morning. He having the measles.
- The internal combustion engine may be either one of two types. The two cycle or the four cycle.
- The young men and women acted like children. Who should have known better.
- There was a cross cow in the pasture. Which had long horns.
- Bacteria are microscopic organisms. Especially found where milk or some other substance decomposes.
- We pass on down the street. The buildings rising two or three stories high on either side.
- The Y. M. C. A. enables you to keep your religious interests alive. As well as to associate with clean young men.
- She wasted her time on foolish clothes. While her mother took in washing.
- He was dressed in a ridiculous fashion. Wearing, for instance, an orange necktie.
- The point is similar to that of the ordinary steel pen, except that it is made of gold. Gold being used on account of its greater smoothness and durability.
- Tire troubles have been made less formidable by the invention of a compact, efficient little vulcanizer. A factory for making which is now being built.
[B. Incomplete Constructions]
Improve the following statements. Supply missing words. Make sure that each construction and each sentence is complete.
- When one year old, my mother died.
- Yours received, and in reply would say your order has been filled.
- While in there a man came in and bought a quarter's worth of soap.
- War is largely dependent upon the engineers to design new machinery.
- When you talk to a man look at him, not the floor or ceiling.
- In writing a book, an author's first one is usually not very good.
- Every summer while in high school, our family has gone to our cottage on Lake Michigan.
- When a boy, Mary was my best friend.
- There is, however, another reason a person should know how to swim.
- I think more of her than anyone else.
- Corrupt laws are often the means rich people obtain the earnings of others.
- A hundred dollars invested in a warning signal, future accidents would be prevented.
- Electric transmission is sometimes used on automobiles more of an experiment than anything else.
- Was delighted to hear from you. Glad to hear you entered the wholesale business. Wish you success.
- As a rule people eat too much. This point should be noticed, and not overwork the digestive organs.