[629]. Tylor, Primitive Culture, ii. p. 127.
[630]. Joseph Bingham, Antiquities of the Christian Church, i. p. 322.
[631]. Bingham, p. 323.
[632]. F. A. Gasquet, Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries, p. 463.
[633]. There were, says Maury, “de véritables litanies d’anathèmes contre Satan.”—La Magie, p. 319.
[634]. J. Bingham, Antiquities of the Christian Church, i. p. 321. See also Paul Verdun, Le Diable dans la vie des saints, p. 2; Ency. Brit. ninth ed. vol. viii. p. 806.
[635]. “The so-called Fourth Council of Carthage (anno 396) prescribes a form for the ordination of exorcists the same in substance as that given in the Roman Pontifical, and used at this day.”—Addis and Arnold, Catholic Dictionary, art. “Exorcism.” London, 1903.
A man who was said to have been possessed by seven devils was exorcised by seven clergymen at the Temple Church, Bristol, in 1788.—Tylor, Primitive Culture, ii. p. 128. See also L. A. Maury, La Magie, p. 331.
[636]. Already in the fifth century Pope Innocent I. forbade the exorcists from exercising their ministry without the express permission of the bishop, and that order is in force. See also Louis Duchesne, Christian Worship, M. L. Maclure’s trans. p. 349. London, 1904.
[637]. Addis and Arnold, Cath. Dict. p. 444.