1807, 1808.[The origin of the war][87]
[Charles IV. and Ferdinand VII. seek the protection of Napoleon][87]
1808.[Napoleon's plans for the conquest of Spain][88]
24 July.[Joseph Bonaparte proclaimed King of Spain][89]
13 Aug.[Landing of Wellesley][90]
21.[Battle of Vimeiro][91]
Oct., 1808.-Jan., 1809.[Expedition of Sir John Moore][92]
16 Jan.[Battle of Coruña][95]
[Wellesley returns to Portugal][97]
27 July.[Battle of Talavera][98]
Sept., 1810.[Bussaco: the lines of Torres Vedras][101]
[Struggle for the frontier fortresses][103]
16 May, 1811.[Battle of Albuera][103]
Jan.-April, 1812.[Sieges of Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajoz][105]
22 July.[Battle of Salamanca][107]
1812, 1813.[Wellington reorganises the Spanish and Portuguese armies][109]
21 June, 1813.[Battle of Vitoria][110]
[Battle of the Pyrenees][113]
[Siege of St. Sebastian][113]
8 Oct.[Wellington crosses the Bidassoa][115]
[Battles round Bayonne][115]
Feb., 1814.[The investment of Bayonne][117]
10 April.[Battle of Toulouse][119]

[CHAPTER VI.]

The Downfall of Napoleon.

1812.[French treaties with Prussia and Austria][122]
[Alliances made by Russia][123]
June.[Napoleon's advance into Russia][124]
[His retreat][125]
[War between England and the United States][126]
[Attacks on Canada][129]
[American successes at sea][131]
Feb., 1813.[Treaty of Kalisch][134]
[Austrian diplomacy][135]
2, 21 May.[Lützen and Bautzen][135]
Aug., Oct.[Dresden and Leipzig][137]
[France loses Saxony, Holland, and Switzerland][138]
[American war continued][138]
1 June.[Duel of the Shannon and Chesapeake][142]
Jan.-Mar., 1814.[Campaign in France][143]
April.[Napoleon deposed: Louis XVIII. recalled][145]
24 Dec.[Treaty of Ghent][147]
July.[Visit of Alexander and Frederick William to England][148]

[CHAPTER VII.]

Vienna and Waterloo.

30 May, 1814.[The first treaty of Paris][149]
[English blockade of Norwegian ports][150]
[Union of Sweden and Norway][150]
[Restoration of Ferdinand VII. and Pius VII.][150]
[Attempts to abolish the slave trade][151]
Sept., 1814-June, 1815.[Congress of Vienna][152]
3 Jan., 1815.[Secret treaty between England, France, and Austria][153]
1 March.[Napoleon's return from Elba][153]
[Flight of Louis XVIII.: the Acte Additionnel][155]
[Plans of the allies][156]
[Defeat and death of Murat][157]
June.[Wellington at Brussels: his army][158]
16.[Ligny and Quatre Bras][159]
18.[Waterloo][160]
July.[Paris occupied by the allies][163]
22 June.[Second abdication of Napoleon][165]
[His surrender to England][165]
[Restoration of Louis XVIII.: treaty of Vienna][166]
[Resettlement of Europe][166]
20 Nov.[Second treaty of Paris: English gains][167]
26 Sept.[The Holy Alliance][168]
[Napoleon at St. Helena][169]

[CHAPTER VIII.]

The First Years of Peace.

1816.[Depression and discontent][171]
[Vansittart's financial policy][173]
[Union of British and Irish exchequers][174]
2 Dec., 1816.[Spa Fields riot][175]
[Prosecution of Hone][177]
1818.[General election][178]
16 Aug., 1819.[The "Manchester massacre"][178]
Dec.[The six acts][180]
1817, 1819.[Institution of savings banks: currency reform][182]
6 Nov., 1817.[Death of Princess Charlotte][184]
1818.[Royal marriages][184]
29 Jan., 1820.[Death of George III.][185]
[Royalist reaction in Europe][187]
1816.[Expedition against the Barbary states][187]
1819.[Murder of Kotzebue][189]
30 Sept., 1818.[Conference of Aix-la-Chapelle][189]
[Spain asks for assistance from the allies][190]
[The European alliance][190]