[CHAPTER IX.]The Last Years of Lord Liverpool.1820.[The Cato Street conspiracy][192][Dissolution of parliament][193][The "queen's trial"][194]7 Aug., 1821.[Her death][196]1822.[Changes in the cabinet][199]12 Aug.[Death of Castlereagh][199]Sept.[Canning foreign secretary][200]Jan.[Peel home secretary][201]1823.[Reform of the navigation laws][202][Agricultural discontent][203]1825.[Speculative frenzy and financial panic][205]1823-26.[Robinson's finance][206][General election of 1826][207][Close of Liverpool's ministry][208][CHAPTER X.]Problems in Southern Europe.1820.[Revolution in Spain: policy of non-intervention][210]July, Aug.[Revolutions in the Two Sicilies and Portugal][211]20 Oct.[Congress of Troppau][211]Jan., 1821.[Congress of Laibach][212]Mar., April.[Revolution in Piedmont: Austrian intervention][213][Insurrections in the Morea and Central Greece][214]Aug.["Sanitary cordon"][215][Ultra-royalist parties in France and Spain][215][Loss of Spanish colonies in America][215]1822.[Conference at Vienna][216]20 Oct.[Congress of Verona][217][Offer of mediation declined][218]7 April, 1823.[War between France and Spain][220]12 Oct., 1822.[Independence of Brazil][221]July, 1825.[Conference at London][222]2 Dec., 1823.[The Monroe doctrine][223]1824-25.[Conference at St. Petersburg][224]1 Dec., 1825.[Death of the Tsar Alexander I.][225][CHAPTER XI.]Tory Dissension and Catholic Relief.April, 1827.[Formation of Canning's ministry][227][Additions to the ministry][228]8 Aug.[Death of Canning][228]Sept.[Goderich's cabinet][229][Dissensions: resignation of Goderich][230]9 Jan., 1828.[Wellington accepts office][230][The Eastern question][232]20 Oct., 1827.[Navarino][233]1828.[Repeal of the test and corporation acts][235]May, June.[Changes in the ministry][236]June, July.[The Clare election][237]1821.[Measures for catholic relief][239]1825.[Further measures][241][George IV.'s opposition to catholic relief][244]1829.[Wellington and Peel adopt catholic relief][245]Mar., April.[Debates on the bill][246]13 April.[The royal assent][249]21 Mar.[Duel between Wellington and Winchilsea][250][Exclusion of O'Connell from Parliament][251][CHAPTER XII.]