| PART I. | |
|---|---|
| PAGES | |
| [Alphabet.] — [Pronunciation.] — [Syntax.] — [Formation of Words.] — [Definitions.] — [Primary Words.] — [Foreign Words.] — [Grammatical Terminations.] — [List of Suffixes.] — [List of Prefixes.] — [Elision.] — [Interrogation.] — [Negation.] — [Affirmation.] — [The Accusative.] — [Capital Letters.] — [Punctuation.] — [Order of Words] | 1–58 |
| PART II. | |
| Grammar and Commentary. | |
| [Rules.] — [Parts of Speech.] — [The Article.] — [Nouns.] — [Adjectives.] — [Numerals.] — [Pronouns.] — [Correlative Words.] — [Verbs.] — [Adverbs.] — [Prepositions.] — [Conjunctions.] — [Interjections.] — [Remarks on the Suffixes and Prefixes] | 59–258 |
| PART III. | |
| [Exercises] | 259–316 |
| PART IV. | |
| [Phrases.] — [Conversation.] — [Correspondence] | 317–333 |
| PART V. | |
| [List of Primary Words.] — [List of Adverbs, Adjectives, Conjunctions, Prepositions, and Adverbial and Prepositional Expressions] | 334–362 |
| [Hints To Learners] | 363–364 |
| [Index] | 365–371 |
PART I
ALPHABET (Alfabeto).
1. The Alphabet (la alfabeto) consists of 28 letters, viz.:—5 vowels (vokaloj) and 23 consonants (konsonantoj).
| Aa, | Bb, | Cc, | Ĉĉ, | Dd, | Ee, | Ff, |
| Gg, | Ĝĝ, | Hh, | Ĥĥ, | Ii, | Jj, | Ĵĵ, |
| Kk, | Ll, | Mm, | Nn, | Oo, | Pp, | Rr, |
| Ss, | Ŝŝ, | Tt, | Uu, | Ŭŭ, | Vv, | Zz. |
2. The Characters are written as in English, the marks over the letters requiring them being added as printed. In telegrams ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, ŭ, may be written ch, gh, hh, jh, sh, u.
3. Typewriting.—If the letters ĉ, ĝ, ĥ, ĵ, ŝ, ŭ, are not on the machine, type the plain letters and add the supersigns afterwards with the pen; most makers, however, supply a machine with the necessary characters, or they can be added to any machine on a "dead key" at the cost of a few shillings.
4. The Names given to the letters are different from those of other languages. For instance, in English we add E to some of the consonants to name the letter, but in Esperanto O is added to all the 23 consonants, and the alphabet runs thus:—A, Bo, Co, Ĉo, Do, E, Fo, Go, Ĝo, Ho, Ĥo, I, Jo, Ĵo, Ko, Lo, Mo, No, O, Po, Ro, So, Ŝo, To, U, Ŭo, Vo, Zo. Note particularly the pronunciation of the 12 consonants, given in the next paragraph.
See "[Hints to Learners]," page 363.