Addition and subtraction of numbers through twenty. Multiplication and division tables through 4’s. Give much practice upon the addition of single columns. Abstract addition, two columns; the result of each column should not exceed twenty. The writing of numbers through one thousand. Roman notation through one hundred. Fractions ½, ¼, and ⅓. The object of the work of this grade is to make pupils ready in the use of the simple fundamental processes.
Book: Cook and Cropsey’s New Elementary Arithmetic (for use of teacher), pp. 1 to 46.
The chief difficulty in the work of this grade is in teaching the arithmetical forms as applied to concrete processes. Pupils should know very thoroughly the work given on pages 1 to 23, Cook and Cropsey’s Arithmetic, before any new forms are taught. They have up to this time used the arithmetical signs and the sentence, and have stated results only. New forms for addition and subtraction are first applied to concrete processes on page 24. No other forms should be taught until pupils are very familiar with these. A drill should be given showing that these two forms are identical and that we must first know what we wish to use them for, if applied to problems. Write
9
2
upon the board and indicate your thought by the signs + and -.
| 9 | 9 | 9 | apples | 9 | apples |
| + 2 | - 2 | + 2 | - 2 | ||
| 11 | 7 | 11 | 7 | apples |
Pupils should be very familiar with these forms before any written concrete work is given.
When the new form for multiplication is introduced, this drill should be repeated:
| 9 | 9 | 9 |
| + 2 | - 2 | × 2 |
| 11 | 7 | 11 |
Nothing new should be added to this until pupils can use these forms without confusion.