[1048] See the incunabula edition of Petrus Lombardus, Textus sententiarum (1488). Cf. Madan, Thelyphthora, III, 262; Nisbet, Marriage and Heredity, 46; Freisen, Geschichte des can. Eherechts, 34 ff.; Oswald, Die dogmat. Lehre von den heil. Sakramenten, I, 29; II, 458 ff.; Cigoi, Unauflösbarkeit, 107 ff.; Perrone, De mat. christ., I, 22 ff.
[1049] Encyc. Brit., XXI, 132; Waterworth, Canons and Decrees, 193-96.
[1050] See chap. xi, below.
[1051] For the growth of ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the West see Esmein, Le mariage en droit canonique, I, chap. i.
[1052] Ibid., 73, 74, where the sources are cited; Waterworth, Canons and Decrees, 196.
[1053] Haddan and Stubbs, Councils, III, 20.
[1054] Ibid., 199-202.
[1055] On the separation of the lay and spiritual jurisdictions see Stubbs, Const. Hist., I, 300, 307; idem, Select Charters, 85; idem, Lectures, 300. Schmid, Gesetze, 357, and Thorpe, Anc. Laws, II, 213, give William's law, the date of which is unknown. See also Makower, Const. Hist. of English Church, 465, 466, 392 ff.
[1056] Leges Henrici Primi, 11, § 5.
[1057] Pollock and Maitland, Hist. of Eng. Law, II, 365. The Concordia discordantium canonum, or Decree of Gratian, comprises the first volume of Richter and Friedberg's fine edition of the Corpus juris canonici (Leipzig, 1879). The bringing together of the scattered rules of the ecclesiastical authorities by Ivo of Chartres in the reign of Henry I., and especially by Gratian (1151), was of vast importance in building up the ecclesiastical jurisdiction. On the history of the canon law see Stubbs, Lectures, 292-333; idem, Const. Hist., I, 308 ff.; Dodd, Hist. Canon Law, 150 ff., 161 ff.; Blackstone, Commentaries, I, 14, 15, 19; Esmein, Le mariage en droit canonique, I, 3 ff., 56 ff., 108 ff. The best account of the rise and jurisdiction of ecclesiastical courts in England will be found in Makower, Const. Hist. of Eng. Church, 384-464.