(23) Test the validity of the following: Give reasons.
(1) “If a substance is solid it possesses elasticity and so also it does if it be a liquid or gaseous; but all substances are either solid, liquid or gaseous; therefore, all substances possess elasticity.”
(2) “If men were prudent, they would act morally fortheir own good; if benevolent, for the good of others. But many men will not act morally, either for their own good or that of others; such men, therefore, are not prudent or benevolent.”
(3) “If the majority of those who use public houses are prepared to close them, legislation is unnecessary; but if they are not prepared for such a measure, then to force it upon them by outside pressure is both dangerous and unjust.”
(4) “The man is either a liar or a fool and in either case he is beneath my attention.”
(5) “Either he is sincere or else he is the most astute impostor the world has ever produced; for me I prefer to think him sincere.”
(24) Explain the relation that many experiences appear to bear toward an argument introduced by a disjunctive proposition and followed by a hypothetical syllogism. Illustrate.
21. QUESTIONS FOR ORIGINAL THOUGHT AND INVESTIGATION.
(1) May both premises of a hypothetical argument be hypothetical propositions? Explain. See Fowler p. 115.
(2) Which of the two is valid? Explain.