(3) In relative identity either the whole or a part of the subject is identical with a part of the predicate.

(4) The law of contradiction always denies the identity between subject and predicate.

(5) Excluded middle conditions all alternative expressions.

THE PROPOSITIONS.

(1) “A thief is a thief.” Complete absolute identity.

(2) “Thinking is the process of affirming or denying connections.” Incomplete absolute identity.

(3) “All good men are wise.” Relative identity.

(4) “No triangle has interior angles whose sum is greater than two right angles.” Contradiction.

(5) “A stitch in time saves nine.” Relative identity.

(6) “Judging is the process of conjoining and disjoining notions.” Incomplete absolute identity.