[1220.] There are many of these datives, mostly abstracts and all singular, some of the commonest are cūrae, ūsuī, praesidiō, cordī, odiō, auxiliō, impedīmentō, salūtī, voluptātī. The adjectives magnus, maior, maximus, or tantus and quantus, are sometimes used in agreement with them; and the dative frūgī sometimes has bonae.
[1221.] Instead of the dative of tendency, a predicative nominative or accusative is rarely used: thus, possessiōnem līberam Dardaniae sōlāciō fore, L. 40, 57, 9, that the unrestricted occupancy of Dardania would prove comforting, but, domestica quiēs sōlācium fuit, L. 6, 30, 9, the peace that prevailed at home was a solid comfort. Prepositional expressions with prō and in also occur.
[1222.] (2.) The dative is also used with a few verbs of considering or accounting to denote what a thing is accounted.
So with such verbs as dō, dūcō, habeō, tribuō, and vertō: as, vitiō mihī̆ dant, quod mortem hominis necessāriī graviter ferō, Matius in Fam. 11, 28, 2, the world scores it against me that I take the murder of a near and dear friend to heart. postquam paupertās probrō habērī coepit, S. C. 12, 1, after lack of wealth began to count as a stigma.
[The Dative of Purpose or Intention.]
[1223.] A few datives are used to denote what a thing is intended to be. This dative is generally accompanied by a dative of the person interested.
So (a.) dōnō and mūnerī: as, ēmit eam dōnō mihī̆, T. Eu. 135, he bought her as a gift for me. centum bovēs mīlitibus dōnō dedit, L. 7, 37, 3, he gave the soldiers a hundred oxen as a present. Also (b.) auxiliō, praesidiō, and subsidiō, used of military operations, chiefly with verbs of motion: as, iī, quī praesidiō contrā castra erant relictī, subsidiō suīs iērunt, 7, 62, 8, the men that had been left as a protection against the camp, went as a reinforcement to their own side.
[1224.] For the datives dōnō and mūnerī, a predicative nominative or accusative is sometimes used: as, corōnam Iovī dōnum in capitōlium mittunt, L. 2, 22, 6, they send a crown to the capitol as a present for Jupiter. Prepositional expressions are also used for auxiliō, &c.: as, ad praesidium, L. 3, 5, 3, in praesidium, L. 31, 16, 7, for protection, auxiliī causā, L. 2, 24, 4, to help.
[1225.] The dative receptuī is also used in military language to denote purpose: as, Caesar receptuī canī iussit, 7, 47, 1, Caesar ordered the retreat sounded. Quīnctius receptuī canere iussit, L. 34, 39, 13. This dative is sometimes attached immediately to a substantive: as, receptuī sīgnum, Ph. 13, 15, the trumpet for retreat.