[1686.] (6.) tamen, nihilō minus, nevertheless.
accūsātus capitis absolvitur, multātur tamen pecūniā, N. 4, 2, 6, he is accused on a capital charge and acquitted, but is nevertheless fined in a sum of money. minus dolendum fuit rē nōn perfectā, sed poeniendum certē nihilō minus, Mil. 19, there was less occasion for sorrow because the thing was not done, but certainly none the less for punishment.
[(2.) OTHER WORDS AS CONNECTIVES.]
[1687.] Instead of a conjunction, other words are often used as connectives: as, pars . . . pars, aliī . . . aliī; adverbs of order or time: as, prīmum, first, or prīmō, at first ... deinde . . . tum, &c.; and particularly adverbs in pairs: as, modo . . . modo, tum . . . tum, less frequently quā . . . quā, simul . . . simul: as,
multitūdō pars prōcurrit in viās, pars in vestibulīs stat, pars ex tēctīs prōspectant, L. 24, 21, 8, part of the throng runs out into the streets, others stand in the fore-courts, others gaze from the house-tops. prōferēbant aliī purpuram, tūs aliī, gemmās aliī, V. 5, 146, they produced some of them purple, others frankincense, others precious stones. prīmō pecūniae, deinde imperī cupīdō crēvit, S. C. 10, 3, at first a love of money waxed strong, then of power. tum hoc mihī̆ probābilius, tum illud vidētur, Ac. 2, 134, one minute this seems to me more likely, and another minute that.
[1688.] Simple sentences may also be coordinated by words denoting inference or cause, such as ergō, igitur, itaque, therefore; nam, namque, enim, for, etenim, for you see: as,
adfectus animī in bonō virō laudābilis, et vīta igitur laudābilis bonī virī, et honesta ergō, quoniam laudābilis, TD. 5, 47, the disposition in a good man is praiseworthy, and the life therefore of a good man is praiseworthy, and virtuous accordingly, seeing it is praiseworthy. Of these words, nam, namque, and itaque are usually put first in the sentence; enim and igitur, usually after one word, rarely after two. But in Plautus regularly, and generally in Terence, enim has the meaning of indeed, verily, truly, depend upon it, and may stand at the beginning.
[1689.] In Plautus, the combination ergō igitur occurs, and in Terence and Livy, itaque ergō: as, itaque ergō cōnsulibus diēs dicta est, L. 3, 31, 5, accordingly then a day was set for the trial of the consuls.
[1690.] The interrogative quippe, why? losing its interrogative meaning, is also used as a coordinating word, why, or for: as, hōc genus omne maestum ac sollicitum est cantōris morte Tigellī: quippe benignus erat, H. S. 1, 2, 2, such worthies all are sad, are woebegone over Tigellius the minstrel’s death; why he was generosity itself.