[1849.] quid quod? for quid dē eō dīcam quod? what of the fact that, or nay more, marks an important transition: as, quid quod salūs sociōrum in perīculum vocātur? IP. 12, nay more, the very existence of our allies is endangered.
[1850.] With verbs of doing or happening, accompanied by some word of manner, quod introduces a verb of coincident action ([1733]): as,
bene facis quod mē adiuvās, Fin. 3, 16, you are very kind in helping me. videor mihī̆ grātum fēcisse Siculīs, quod eōrum iniūriās sum persecūtus, V. 2, 16, I flatter myself that I have won the gratitude of the Sicilians in acting as avenger of their wrongs. In this sense quī ([1826]) or cum ([1874]) is often used, or in Plautus and once in Horace quia.
[1851.] quod, that, because, is used to denote cause with verbs of emotion.
Thus, as with id in id gaudeō, T. Andr. 362, I’m glad of that ([1144]), so with an object sentence, as gaudeō quod tē interpellāvī, Leg. 3, 1, I’m glad that I interrupted you. Such verbs are: gaudeō, laetor; mīror; doleō, maereō, angor, indignor, suscēnseō, īrāscor, &c. In old Latin, Cicero’s letters, Livy, and rarely in Tacitus such verbs may have quia, sometimes quom ([1875]). For the accusative with the infinitive, see [2187].
[1852.] Verbs of praising, blaming, accusing, and condemning, often take quod: as,
quod bene cōgitāstī aliquandō, laudō, Ph. 2, 34, that you have ever had good intentions, I commend. laudat Africānum Panaetius, quod fuerit abstinēns, Off. 2, 76, Panaetius eulogizes Africanus, ‘for being so abstinent’ ([1725]). ut cum Sōcratēs accūsātus est quod corrumperet iuventūtem, Quintil. 4, 4, 5, as when Socrates was charged with ‘demoralizing the rising generation’ ([1725]). grātulor, congratulate, and grātiās agō, thank, have regularly quod or cum ([1875]). Verbs of accusing sometimes have cūr.
[1853.] Causal quod, owing to the fact that, because, introduces an efficient cause, or a reason or motive: as,
([a.]) in hīs locīs, quod omnis Gallia ad septentriōnēs vergit, mātūrae sunt hiemēs, 4, 20, 1, in these parts the winter sets in early, owing to the fact that Gaul in general lies to the north. Helvētiī reliquōs Gallōs virtūte praecēdunt, quod ferē cōtīdiānīs proeliīs cum Germānīs contendunt, 1, 1, 4, the Helvetians outshine the rest of the Gauls in bravery, because they do battle with the Germans almost every day. hōrum fortissimī sunt Belgae, proptereā quod a cultū prōvinciae longissimē absunt, 1, 1, 3, of these the stoutest fighting-men are the Belgians, for the reason that they live furthest away from the comforts of the province. (b.) T. Mānlius Torquātus fīlium suum, quod is contrā imperium in hostem pugnāverat, necārī iussit, S. C. 52, 30, Torquatus ordered his own son to be put to death, because the young man had fought with the enemy contrary to orders. exōrāvit tyrannum ut abīre licēret, quod iam beātus nōllet esse, TD. 5, 62, he induced the monarch to let him go, ‘because he didn’t care to be Fortune’s pet any longer’ ([1725]). Bellovacī suum numerum nōn contulērunt, quod sē suō arbitriō bellum esse gestūrōs dīcerent, 7, 75, 5, the Bellovacans would not put in their proper quota, saying they meant to make war on their own responsibility ([1727]).