(c.) Apodosis in the Pluperfect Indicative.
quīngentōs simul, nī hebes machaera foret, ūnō ictū occīderās, Pl. MG. 52, five hundred, had your glaive not blunted been, at one fell swoop you’d slain. praeclārē vīcerāmus, nisi Lepidus recēpisset Antōnium, Fam. 12, 10, 3, we had gained a splendid victory, if Lepidus had not taken Antony under his protection. quod ipsum fortūna ēripuerat, nisi ūnīus amīcī opēs subvēnissent, RabP. 48, even this boon fortune had wrenched from him, unless he had been assisted by a single friend. sī gladium nōn strīnxissem, tamen triumphum merueram, L. 38, 49, 12, if I had not drawn my sword, I had still earned my triumph. perierat imperium, sī Fabius tantum ausus esset quantum īra suādēbat, Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5, the empire had been lost, if Fabius had ventured as far as passion urged.
(3.) Periphrastic Protasis.
([a.]) ac sī tibī̆ nēmō respōnsūrus esset, tamen causam dēmōnstrāre nōn possēs, Caecil. 43, and even supposing that nobody were going to answer you, still you would not be able to make the case good ([2092]). plūribus vōs, mīlitēs, hortārer, sī cum armātīs dīmicātiō futūra esset, L. 24, 38, 9, I should exhort you at greater length, my men, if there was to be a tug with armed men ([2092]). (b.) sī domum tuam expugnātūrus eram, nōn temperāssem vīnō in ūnum diem? L. 40, 14, 4, if I intended to capture your house, should I not have abstained from wine for a day ([2092])?
[2109.] Instead of a conditional protasis with sī or nisi, equivalents are often used.
[2110.] Thus, the protasis may be coordinated ([1701]), or be introduced by a relative pronoun ([1812]), by quod ([1843]), cum ([1859], [1860]), ubī̆ ([1932]), ut or nē ([1963]), dum, dum modo, modo ([2003]), or quandō ([2011]). Or the protasis may be intimated by sine, without, cum, with, by a participle or ablative absolute, by a wish, or otherwise: as,