[2230.] The perfect infinitive passive or deponent, commonly without esse, is often used in Plautus, Terence, and Cicero, by assimilation with past tenses of verbs of propriety, such as aequum est, convenit, decet, and oportet: as, nōn oportuit relīctās, T. Hau. 247, they shouldn’t have been left. tē Iovī comprecātam oportuit, Pl. Am. 739, you should have said your prayers to Jove. The perfect active is less common: as, cāvisse oportuit, Pl. Am. 944, you should have been upon your guard. For volō, cupiō, nōlō, see [2229].
[2231.] The perfect infinitive of completed action is very common with such expressions as satis est, satis habeō, iuvat, melius est, paenitet, &c., also with verbs of emotion, such as gaudeō, &c.: as, mē quoque iuvat ad fīnem bellī Pūnicī pervēnisse, L. 31, 1, 1, I am delighted myself to have reached the end of the Punic war. Oftentimes, however, in verse, the use of the perfect is partly due to the metre.
[The Future Tense.]
[2232.] The future infinitive is only used as a representative of the indicative, and not as a substantive.
[2233.] For the future infinitive active or passive, a circumlocution with fore or futūrum esse with ut and the subjunctive present or imperfect is often used. This construction is necessary when the verb has no future participle or supine: as,
spērō fore ut contingat id nōbīs, TD. 1, 82, I hope we may be so fortunate. clāmābant fore ut ipsī sē dī ulcīscerentur, V. 4, 87, they cried out that the gods would avenge themselves.
[2234.] fore with the perfect participle of a passive or deponent, represents the future perfect of direct discourse: as, dēbellātum mox fore rēbantur, L. 23, 13, 6, they thought the war would soon be over.
[2235.] (1.) The future infinitive is commonly used with iūrō, minor, polliceor, prōmittō, and spērō, especially when the leading verb and the infinitive have the same subject: as,
iūrāvit sē nisi victōrem in castra nōn reversūrum, Caes. C. 3, 87, 5, he swore he would not come back to camp except as a victor. quod sē factūrōs minābantur, Caes. C. 2, 13, 4, which they threatened they would do. obsidēs datūrōs pollicitī sunt, 4, 27, 1, they volunteered to give hostages.