[The Predicative Participle.]
[2297.] habeō is sometimes used with certain perfect participles to express an action continuing in its consequences, faciō, dō, and in old Latin reddō and cūrō, with a perfect participle, are emphatic substitutes for the verb to which the participle belongs.
([a.]) quae nōs nostramque adulēscentiam habent dēspicātam et quae nōs semper omnibus cruciant modīs, T. Eu. 383, who hold us and our youth in scorn and torment us in every way. in eā prōvinciā pecūniās magnās collocātās habent, IP. 18, they have invested large funds in that province. Clōdiī animum perspectum habeō, cōgnitum, iūdicātum, ad Br. 1, 1, 1, Clodius’s mind I have looked into thoroughly, probed, formed a judgement on. clausum lacū ac montibus et circumfūsum suīs cōpiīs habuit hostem, L. 22, 4, 5, his enemy he had shut in by lake and mountains and surrounded by his troops. See also [1606].
([b.]) missa haec face, T. Ad. 906, let this pass. vērum haec missa faciō, RA. 76, but I let this pass. Mānlium missum fēcit, Off. 3, 112, he let Manlius go. factum et cūrātum dabō, Pl. Cas. 439, I’ll have it done and seen to. strātās legiōnēs Latīnōrum dabō, L. 8, 6, 6, I will lay the Latin legions low. ego iam tē commōtum reddam, T. Andr. 864, I’ll soon have you worked up. inventum tibī cūrābō tu͡om Pamphilum, T. Andr. 684, I’ll have your Pamphilus looked up for you. In classical writers, faciō only is found in this use and only with the participle of mittō; dō occurs in late writers; reddō and cūrō only in old Latin. All these verbs are usually in the future tense or its equivalent. For volō, cupiō, and nōlō with the infinitive passive without esse, see [2229].
[2298.] The present participle is used predicatively with verbs signifying represent, and with verbs denoting the exercise of the senses or mind: as,
facit Sōcratem disputantem, DN. 1, 31, he represents Socrates discussing. quasi ipsōs indūxī loquentēs, L. 3, I have brought on the men themselves as speaking. nōn illum miserum, īgnārum cāsūs suī, redeuntem ā cēnā vidētis? RA. 98, do you not see the poor man, little dreaming of his fate, returning from the dinner? nōn audīvit dracōnem loquentem, Div. 2, 141, he did not hear the serpent speaking. This use is found in Plautus, Terence, Cicero, Sallust, Horace, Nepos, Vitruvius, and Livy. Once in Piso (consul 133 B.C.), as cited by Gellius, 7, 9, 6. Verbs denoting the exercise of the senses or mind take the accusative with the infinitive to denote the fact or action; see [2175]. For audiō with cum, see [1870]. For the infinitive without esse with verbs of emotion, see [2184].
[2299.] A passive with a verb meaning represent is expressed, for lack of a present passive participle, by the infinitive ([2175]). The infinitive active is rare.
([a.]) cōnstruī ā deō atque aedificārī mundum facit, DN. 1, 19, he represents the world being put together and built by the gods. (b.) poētae impendēre saxum Tantalō faciunt, TD. 4, 35, the poets represent a rock hanging over Tantalus. Rarely the participle ([2298]) and the infinitive are united: as, Polyphēmum Homērus cum ariete conloquentem facit eiusque laudāre fortūnās, TD. 5, 115, Homer represents Polyphemus chatting with the ram and his envy of the ram’s estate. But the perfect infinitive active must be used when the action is to be distinctly marked as completed, for lack of a perfect active participle: as, fēcit Dolābella Verrem accēpisse, V. 1, 100, Dolabella represented Verres as having received.