[2400.] Reciprocal relations ([2344]) are sometimes expressed by uterque followed by a different case of alter; rarely by uterque and a different case of the same word.
([a.]) quōrum uterque contempsit alterum, Off. 1, 4, each of whom lightly esteemed the other. (b.) abdūcī nōn potest :: quī nōn potest? :: quia uterque utrīquest cordī, T. Ph. 799, she’s not to be taken from him :: why isn’t she? :: because they’re heart to heart. This doubling of uterque is found only half a dozen times; not in Cicero.
quīvīs and quīlibet; utervīs and uterlibet.
[2401.] quīvīs and quīlibet, any you please, are used either in affirmative or negative sentences. When two are spoken of, utervīs or uterlibet is used.
([a.]) ut quīvīs intellegere posset, V. 5, 17, so that any fool might know. faciat quidlubet, T. Hau. 464, let him do anything he likes. (b.) quī utramvīs rēctē nōvit, ambās nōverit, T. Andr. prol. 10, who knows either well, knows both. utrumlibet ēlige, Quinct. 81, choose either you like.
quisquam and ūllus.
[2402.] quisquam ([692]), a single one, any one at all, and ūllus, any, are used chiefly in negative sentences or in interrogative, conditional, and comparative sentences implying negation, or with sine.
vēnī Athēnās, neque mē quisquam ibī̆ adgnōvit, TD. 5, 104, I came to Athens and not a person there knew me ([1659]). interdīcit omnibus, nē quemquam interficiant, 7, 40, 4, he warns them collectively against killing any man at all ([2388]). hunc suā quisquam sententiā ex hāc urbe expellet? Mil. 104, will anybody at all, by his vote, banish this man from Rome? quis hoc fēcit ūllā in Scythiā tyrannus? Pis. 18, what tyrant ever did this in any Scythia? sī quisquam est timidus, is ego sum, Fam. 6, 14, 1, if anybody is timid, I am the man. quī saepius cum hoste cōnflīxit quam quisquam cum inimīcō concertāvit, IP. 28, who has measured swords oftener with the enemy than anybody ever wrangled with an opponent in private life. sine ūllō metū in ipsum portum penetrāre coepērunt, V. 5, 96, without a bit of fear they began to make their way right into the harbour. nēmō quisquam and nihil quicquam are old and late: as, lepidiōrem uxōrem nēmō quisquam habet, Pl. Cas. 1008, nobody has a jollier wife. noster malī nīl quicquam prīmō, T. Ph. 80, our young master didn’t make any trouble at first.
[2403.] nēmō is generally used for nōn quisquam, nēmō umquam for numquam quisquam, nihil for nōn quicquam, and nūllus for nōn ūllus. If only two are spoken of, neuter is used. The plural neutrī is used of two parties.
nēmōst miserior mē, T. Hau. 263, no man’s unhappier than I. nēmō igitur vir magnus sine aliquō adflātū dīvīnō umquam fuit, DN. 2, 167, nobody who is a great man was ever without some divine inspiration. ab nūllō ille līberālius quam ā Cluentiō trāctātus est, Clu. 161, by no man has he been treated more generously than by Cluentius. neutrum eōrum contrā alterum iuvāre, Caes. C. 1, 35, 5, to help neither of them against the other. neutrī alterōs prīmō cernēbant, L. 21, 46, 4, neither party saw the others at first.